Typical G.C. analysis

Perflavory

Typical G.C. analysis
#	%	Leftshift	Components
chicory root oil
Table X. Comparative chemical composition (%) of the volatiles isolated by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and dynamic headspace of roasted chicory
52	0.039	2-	acetyl-5-methyl furan
17	0.331	2,3-	butane dione
2	0.013	2-	buten-1-al
15	0.011	3-	buten-2-one
25	0.018		cyclopentanone
41	1.787		dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone
53	0.067		dihydro-2(3H)-furanone
51	0.222	2,6-bis(1,1-	dimethyl ethyl)-4-methyl phenol
22	0.063	2,3-	dimethyl pyrazine
16	0.187	2,5-	dimethyl pyrazine
18	0.310	2,6-	dimethyl pyrazine
6	0.031	3,4-	dimethyl-2,5-furandione
34	0.061	2,5-	dimethyl-3-(2-methyl propyl) pyrazine
38	0.073	2,6-	dimethyl-3-(3-methyl butyl) pyrazine
20	0.028		ethyl pyrazine
32	0.019	2-	ethyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazine
30	0.009	2-	ethyl-3,6-dimethyl pyrazine
26	0.015	2-	ethyl-5-methyl pyrazine
24	0.112	2-	ethyl-6-methyl pyrazine
55	1.264	2-	furan methanol
57	0.055	2(2-	furanyl methyl)-5-methyl furan
46	1.338	1-(2-	furanyl) ethanone
45	9.485	2-	furfuraldehyde
40	0.015	N-	furfuryl pyrrole
42	0.023	N-	furfuryl-2-acetyl pyrrole
43	0.009	N-	furfuryl-2-formyl pyrrole
3	0.057		hexanal
33	0.023	4-	hydroxy-3-methyl acetophenone
48	0.009	1-	methoxy-4-methyl benzene
39	0.024	2-	methoxymethyl furan
50	0.106	3-	methyl butyric acid
58	0.017		methyl hexadecanoate
1	0.024	3-	methyl pentanal
54	0.016	2-	methyl phenol
11	0.027	1-(2-	methyl propylidene) phenyl acetaldehyde
13	0.074		methyl pyrazine
4	0.002	2-	methyl-2-buten-1-al
10	0.006	5-(5-	methyl-2-furanyl) methyl-2-furfuraldehyde
5	0.032	2(5-	methyl-2-furanyl)-1-propanone
49	2.078	5-	methyl-2-furfuraldehyde
19	0.003	4-	methyl-2-pentanone
14	0.056	5-	methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexen-1-al
8	0.017	2-	methyl-3-beta-furyl propenal
7	0.046	2,2-	methylene bis-5-methyl furan
21	0.425	2,3-	pentane dione
27	0.009	2,4-	pentane dione
23	0.012	3-	penten-2-one
37	0.022	2-	pentyl furan
56	0.017		phenol
29	0.018	1-	phenyl-2-propanone
36	0.001	2-(2-	propenyl) furan
12	0.002		pyrazine
47	0.005		pyridine
31	0.096	1-(1H-	pyrrol-2-yl) ethanone
44	0.003		toluene
28	0.062		trimethyl pyrazine
H. Back and K. R. Cadwallader, Roasted chicory aroma evaluation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/olfactometry. J. Food Sci., 63, 234-237 (1998). P&F 26, No. 3, 66, (2001)
chicory root roasted extract
Five years later, Sannai eta1. (1982) examined the steam volatile constituents of roasted chicory roots. Using a combination of modern analytical techniques, they identified the following volatiles:
#	%	Leftshift	Components
2	0.15	4-	acetyl pyrazole
10	3.77	2-	acetyl pyrrole
3	trace		benzaldehyde
16	0.37		benzoic acid
9	trace		benzothiazole
15	0.20		coumarin
14	0.11		dihydroactinidiolide
12	0.51	2-	formyl-5-methyl pyrrole
6	0.20		furfural alcohol
1	2.80		furfuraldehyde
11	0.63	2-	furyl hydroxymethyl ketone
25	1.40	2-(5-	hydroxmethyl-2-formyl pyrrol-1-yl) 4-methyl valeric acid lactone
17	4.27	5-	hydroxymethyl-2-furfural
23	0.56	2-(5-	hydroxymethyl)-2-formyl pyrrol-1-yl) isovaleric acid lactone
30	6.74		linoleic acid
31	2.45		linolenic acid
26	0.99	7-	methoxycoumarin
27	0.64		methyl 3-hydroxybenzoate
8	0.15		methyl cyclopentenolone
21	7.45		methyl linoleate
22	2.00		methyl linolenate
18	0.89		methyl oleate
13	1.85		methyl palmitate
7	trace		methyl phenyl acetate
4	0.04	5-	methyl-2-furfural
29	0.60		oleic acid
28	5.80		palmitic acid
24	0.10		pentadecanoic acid
5	1.04		phenyl acetaldehyde
20	2.49		phenyl acetic acid
19	5.48		vanillin
A. Sannai, T. Fujimori and K. Kato, Studies on flavor components of roasted chicory root. Agric. Biol. Chem., 46, 429-433 (1982). P&F 26, No. 3, 66, (2001)
cistus oil
#	%	Leftshift	Components
6	0.1		acetophenone
141	0.2	6-	acetoxy-11-nor-drim-7-en-9-one
72	0.2	7-	acetyl-2,2,6-trimethyl bicyclo(4.2.0)octane
119	0.1	6-	acetyl-5,8,8-trimethyl bicyclo(3.2.1)octan-2,3-dione
149	0.2	13-nor-	ambreinolide
148	0.1	8-epi-13-nor-	ambreinolide
78	0.2	alpha-	ambrinol
137	1.4		ambrox
144	0.1	6-oxo-iso	ambrox
81	0.9		aromadendr-1-ene
135	0.3		aromadendr-1(10)-en-9-one
91	1.4	1,5-(Z)-	aromadendr-9-ene
132	0.1	1,10-seco-	aromadendran-1,10-dione
130	0.1	5-epi-1,10-seco-	aromadendran-1,10-dione
86	1.5	allo-	aromadendrene
b3	0.4		benzoic acid
27	2.0		borneol
55	1.7		bornyl acetate
b21	0.9	3-iso	butenyl-5-methyl-5-vinyl butyrolactone
126	0.5		cadalene
98	0.4	delta-	cadinene
125	0.6	alpha-	cadinol
100	0.6	alpha-	calacorene
99	0.6	(E)-	calamenene
90	0.5	(Z)-	calamenene
b9	1.4	gamma-	campholenic acid
15	0.3	alpha-	campholenic aldehyde
10	0.3	gamma-	campholenic aldehyde
b7	0.3	alpha-	campholytic acid
b4	0.2	gamma-	campholytic acid
b5	2.4		camphonanic acid
b12	2.1	alpha-	camphoneic acid
18	0.1		camphor
60	0.8		carvacrol
48	0.2		carvenone
41	0.2	trans-	carveol
43	0.1	cis-	carveol
46	0.5		carvone
138	0.1	sesqui	chamaenol
117	1.8		copaborneol
127	0.6		copabornyl acetate
74	1.1	alpha-	copaene
82	0.7		cubeb-11-ene
113	4.1		cubeban-11-ol
121	0.4	1-epi-	cubenol
44	0.1		cuminaldehyde
b11	1.0	beta-	cyclogeranic acid
b8	0.9	gamma-	cyclogeranic acid
53	0.3	para-	cymen-7-ol
3	0.4	para-	cymene
b13	0.7		davanic acid
39	0.2		decanal
b20	3.8		decanoic acid
106	0.2	1,2-	dehydroglobulol
118	0.3	3,4-	dehydroglobulol
110	0.2	1-epi-3,4-	dehydroviridiflorol
104	1.4	1,2-	dehydroviridiflorol
146	0.2	14,15-	di-nor-8,13-epoxylabd-12-ene
79	0.1		dihydro-beta-ionene
94	0.2		dihydroactinidiolide
37	0.5	neo	dihydrocarveol
b15	6.5		dihydrocinnamic acid
b24	1.7		dimethyl (Z)-2-hexyl-3-methyl butendioic acid
49	0.2	2,4-	dimethyl acetophenone
9	1.0	alpha-para-	dimethyl styrene
97	0.2	4,7-	dimethyl tetral-1-one
b14	1.2	2,6-	dimethyl-5-oxoheptanoic acid
77	0.2		dodecanal
70	0.1	11-nor-	drim-7-ene
139	0.1		drim-8-en-7-one
69	0.2	11-nor-	drim-8-ene
101	0.3	11-nor-	driman-8-ol
102	0.2	beta-	elemol
35	1.3		elsholtzia ketone
136	0.2	5,11-	epoxycadin-1(10)-en-9-ol
108	0.8	5,11-	epoxycadin-1(10)-ene
8	0.8	6,8-	epoxymenth-1-ene
64	0.1		ethyl dihydrocinnamate
124	0.4	beta-	eudesmol
122	0.2	gamma-	eudesmol
65	1.6		eugenol
45	0.2	alpha-	fenchyl acetate
76	0.1	1-(	fur-2-yl methyl)-2-formyl pyrrole
b19	2.4		geranic acid
51	0.2		geraniol
80	0.1		geranyl acetone
109	0.5		gleenol
111	0.2		globulol
b2	0.5		heptanoic acid
b1	0.7		hexanoic acid
133	0.1	(Z)-3-	hexen-1-yl dihydrocinnamate
134	0.3		hexyl dihydrocinnamate
59	0.1	(2E,4E)-6-	hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl hepta-2,4-dienal
32	trace	2-	hydroxy-3-methyl benzaldehyde
66	0.2	2-	hydroxy-4-isopropenyl toluene
68	0.2	(E)-5-	hydroxy-para-mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one
71	0.3	(Z)-5-	hydroxy-para-mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one
140	0.1	10-	hydroxycalamene-8,9-epoxide
131	0.1	9-	hydroxyladanifer-10-one(9(10(1))-abeo-9-hydroxyaromadendran-10-one)
50	0.4	2-	hydroxypinan-3-one
87	0.2	(E)-beta-	ionone
142	0.6	15-nor-	labd-1(17)-ene
153	0.4		labd-7-en-15-ol
145	0.5	15-nor-	labd-7-ene
b31	6.3		labd-7-enoic acid
154	0.3		labd-8-en-15-ol
143	0.5	15-nor-	labd-8-ene
b32	4.0		labd-8-enoic acid
152	0.4		labd-8(17)-en-15-ol
b30	5.1		labd-8(17)-enoic acid
147	0.7	15-nor-	labdan-8-ol
b23	2.5		lauric acid
92	9.3		ledene
73	0.2	iso	ledene
116	1.3		ledol
12	0.2		linalool
7	0.4	(E)-	linalool oxide furanoid
11	0.2	(Z)-	linalool oxide furanoid
b28	1.0		linoleic acid
150	0.3		manoyl oxide
151	0.3	13-epi-	manoyl oxide
85	0.1		massoia lactone
40	0.3	(Z)-para-	menth-4(8)-en-2-ol
62	0.1	2-	methoxy-6-methyl acetophenone
29	0.3	para-	methyl acetophenone
52	1.0		methyl dihydrocinnamate
75	0.4		methyl eugenol
1	0.2	5-	methyl furfural
2	0.1	6-	methyl-5-hepten-2-one
120	0.3		muurola-4,10(14)-dien-1-ol
123	0.3	alpha-	muurolol
b25	2.7		myristic acid
33	0.9		myrtenal
b18	6.0		myrtenic acid
36	1.5		myrtenol
58	1.1		naginata ketone
22	0.2		nerol oxide
103	0.2	(E)-	nerolidol
13	0.1		nonanal
b10	1.6		nonanoic acid
17	0.7	(E)-3-	nonen-2-one
b6	3.7		octanoic acid
b27	1.2		oleic acid
115	0.1	beta-	oplopenone
b26	5.1		palmitic acid
105	1.2		palustrol
129	0.1		pentadecanal
42	0.1	3-	phenyl propanol
23	1.5		pinocamphone
28	0.7	iso	pinocamphone
19	1.8	trans-	pinocarveol
24	0.3		pinocarvone
63	0.4	trans-	pinocarvyl acetate
47	0.8		piperitone
25	0.1		propiophenone
128	0.2	4-iso	propyl-6-methyl tetral-1-one
16	0.1	(E)-	rose oxide
14	0.2	(Z)-	rose oxide
20	0.1	(E)-	sabinol
b29	0.8		stearic acid
21	0.2	(E)-	tagetone
26	0.2	(Z)-	tagetone
31	0.8		terpinen-4-ol
34	0.5	alpha-	terpineol
114	0.1		tetradecanal
89	0.6	1,1,5,6-	tetramethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
95	0.2	1,1,5,6-	tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene
54	0.2		thymol
107	0.2	6-para-	tolyl heptan-2-one
88	0.1		tridecanal
b16	0.7	1,5,5-	trimethyl bicyclo(4.1.0)heptan-7-carboxylic acid A
b17	1.9	1,5,5-	trimethyl bicyclo(4.1.0)heptan-7-carboxylic acid B
5	0.3	2,2,6-	trimethyl cyclohex-2-enone
4	1.3	2,2,6-	trimethyl cyclohexanone
93	0.2	1-(1,2,2-	trimethyl cyclopent-1-yl) pentan-1,4-dione
96	0.2	6,6,10-	trimethyl decan-2-one
30	0.5	2,2,5-	trimethyl oxepan-4-one
67	0.2	1,1,6-	trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
83	0.1	4,4,7a-	trimethyl-1,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2H-inden-2-one
84	0.1		tuberolactone
61	0.2		undecanal
b22	0.3		undecanoic acid
38	0.3		verbenone
112	4.3		viridiflorol
56	0.2		vitispirane A
57	0.1		vitispirane B
P. Weyerstahl, H. Marschall, M. Weirauch, K. Thefeld and H. Surburg, Constituents of commercial labdanum oil. Flav. Fragr. J., 13, 295-318 (1998). P&F 24, No. 4, 31, (1999)
malpighia glabra fruit oil
#	%	Leftshift	Components
6	2.10	2-	acetyl furan
20	0.10		butyl hexanoate
13	0.10	1,8-	cineole
29	1.20	(E)-beta-	damascenone
33	0.10		dihydroactinidiolide
30	1.10	8(E)-4,7-	epoxymegastigma-5(11),8-diene
25	1.80	(8,E)-2,5-	epoxymegastigma-6,8-diene
24	0.40	(8,Z)-2,5-	epoxymegastigma-6,8-diene
18	0.10		ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
15	0.30		ethyl furoate
12	0.20		ethyl furyl ketone
11	1.40		ethyl hexanoate
21	0.10		ethyl octanoate
3	56.80	2-	furfuraldehyde
17	21.50		heptanoic acid
14	0.60	gamma-	hexalactone
5	0.30		hexanol
4	0.20	(Z)-3-	hexen-1-ol
19	0.10	(Z)-3-	hexen-1-yl butyrate
28	0.30	3-	hexen-1-yl hexanoate
1	0.10	3-	hydroxy-2-butanone
27	1.20	(E,E)-pseudo-	ionone
26	3.30	(E,Z)-pseudo	ionone
31	0.80	(E)-beta-	ionone
32	0.10	(8,Z)-	megastigma-5,8-diene-4-one
8	0.20	5-	methyl furfural
9	0.10		methyl furoate
7	0.70		methyl hexanoate
2	0.30	(E)-3-	methyl-2-butenol
23	0.20		nonanoic acid
22	0.10		octanoic acid
10	0.20	1-	octen-3-ol
16	0.10	iso	prenyl butyrate
J. of Ess. Oil Res. 12, No. 6, 678, (2000)
osmanthus fragrans flower absolute
#	%	Leftshift	Components
96	0.04		amyl benzoate
32	0.03		amyl butyrate
36	0.008		amyl isovalerate
104	trace		amyl salicylate
80	0.06		anethole
107	0.003		anisyl acetate
51	0.19		benzaldehyde
70	0.08		benzyl acetate
87	0.19		benzyl alcohol
86	trace		benzyl butyrate
50	0.02		benzyl formate
59	0.16		bornyl acetate
15	trace		butanal
31	trace		butyl benzene
21	0.02		butyl butyrate
95	0.12		butyl phenyl acetate
62	trace		butyric acid
8	trace		camphene
52	trace		camphor
16	trace	delta-3-	carene
119	trace		carvacrol
71	trace		carvone
20	0.30	1,8-	cineole
75	trace		citronellol
103	trace	meta-	cresol
102	trace	para-	cresol
26	trace	para-	cymene
113	trace	delta-	decalactone
106	11.70	gamma-	decalactone
29	trace		decanal
117	0.05		decanoic acid
74	9.20		decanol
66	0.08		decyl acetate
130	0.39		dibutyl phthalate
84	trace		dihydrojasmone
89	0.28	2,6-	dimethyl phenol
111	0.03		docosane
124	0.21	gamma-	dodecalactone
49	0.05		dodecanal
97	0.04		eicosane
2	0.06		ethyl acetate
13	0.02		ethyl benzene
43	0.03		ethyl decanoate
22	0.004		ethyl hexanoate
101	trace		ethyl myristate
77	trace		ethyl salicylate
108	1.90		eugenol
121	0.02	(E)-iso	eugenol
114	0.02	(Z)-iso	eugenol
120	0.18		farnesol
45	trace		furfural
72	trace		geranial
83	0.07		geraniol
73	trace		geranyl acetate
68	0.08		geranyl formate + dodecanal
105	trace		heneicosane
17	trace		heptanal
94	trace		heptanoic acid
9	0.02	2-	heptanol + hexanal
38	trace		heptyl acetate
33	0.01		heptyl formate
88	trace		heptyl isovalerate
37	0.01		hexanal
81	0.05		hexanoic acid
39	0.12	(Z)-3-	hexen-1-ol
42	trace		hexyl butyrate
35	trace		hexyl propionate
110	0.007		hexyl salicylate
53	trace		hexyl valerate
82	0.86	alpha-	ionone
92	5.85	beta-	ionone
116	trace		jasmolactone
93	0.02	(Z)-	jasmone
128	0.02		lauric acid
18	trace		limonene
55	2.36		linalool
44	14.60	(E)-	linalool oxide furanoid
46	21.10	(Z)-	linalool oxide furanoid
56	trace		linalyl acetate
91	0.07		methyl alpha-ionone + quinoline
19	0.05	3-	methyl butanol
60	trace		methyl decanoate
118	trace		methyl dihydrojasmonate
78	0.03		methyl dodecanoate
58	trace	5-	methyl furfural
48	0.09		methyl nonanoate
127	0.16		methyl oleate
112	0.07		methyl palmitate
34	0.02	2-	methyl-2-hepten-6-one
4	trace	4-	methyl-2-pentenol
14	trace	4-	methyl-3-penten-2-one
131	0.03		myristic acid
99	0.21		nerolidol
98	0.04	gamma-	nonalactone
40	0.11		nonanal
63	0.70		nonanol
100	0.11		octanoic acid
57	0.02		octanol
28	trace	2-	octanone
47	trace		octyl acetate
69	0.02		octyl valerate
132	0.71		palmitic acid
3	0.003		pentanal
24	trace		pentenal
79	trace	2-	phenethyl acetate
90	0.19	2-	phenethyl alcohol + nonadecane
76	0.01	2-	phenethyl formate
65	trace		phenyl acetaldehyde
5	trace	alpha-	pinene
11	trace	beta-	pinene
1	trace		propanal
7	0.01		propanol
54	0.02		propionic acid
12	trace		sabinene
85	0.02		safrole
122	0.03	alpha-	santalol
126	0.02	beta-	santalol
25	trace		styrene
61	0.06		terpinen-4-ol
23	0.20	gamma-	terpinene
67	0.07	alpha-	terpineol
27	0.06		terpinolene
125	0.02		tetracosane
41	trace		tetradecane
109	0.23		thymol
6	trace		toluene
30	trace		tridecane
115	trace	gamma-	undecalactone
10	0.008		undecane
123	3.10		undecanoic acid
64	trace	iso	valeric acid
129	0.08		vanillin
V. T. Cogiya, L. G. Kharebava, R. V. Gogiya and E. B. Gvatua, Composition of the volatile compounds in flowers of Osrnanthus fragrans (Thumb) Lour. Rastit. Resur., 22, 243-248 (1986). P&F 17, No. 3, 61, (1992)

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