Category: fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 49.00 to 51.00 %
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Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Boiling Point: | 326.30 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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Flash Point: | > 212.00 °F. TCC ( > 100.00 °C. )
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logP (o/w): | 6.230 |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | dipropylene glycol | | paraffin oil | | water, 0.1943 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Insoluble in: |
| water |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: musk |
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Odor Strength: | medium |
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Substantivity: | 400 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
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| sweet floral musk |
Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | strong diffusive sweet floral musk |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi N - Irritant, Dangerous for the environment. |
R 38 - Irritating to skin. R 50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24 - Avoid contact with skin. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H400 Chronic aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H410
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GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Signal word | Warning |
Hazard statement(s) |
H400 - Very toxic to aquatic life H410 - Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
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Precautionary statement(s) |
P273 - Avoid release to the environment. P391 - Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
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Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Safety References:
EPI System: | View |
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 1222-05-5 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 91497 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
SCCNFP: | opinion |
WGK Germany: | 2 |
| 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran 50% in DPG |
Chemidplus: | 0001222055 |
References:
Leffingwell: | Chirality or Article |
| 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran 50% in DPG |
NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 1222-05-5 |
Pubchem (cid): | 91497 |
Pubchem (sid): | 135049029 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| galaxolide 50 DPG | 1,3,4,6,7,8- | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran 50% in DPG | | hexahydrohexamethyl cyclopentabenzopyran 50% in DPG | | musk G 50% in DPG | | musk gx 50% in dipropylene glycol | | musk gx 50% in DPG | | pearlide DPG | | polymusk 50% DPG (A.C.S. International) |
Articles:
PubMed: | In vitro Interaction of Emerging Contaminants with the Cytochrome P450 System of Mediterranean Deep-sea Fish. |
PubMed: | Zebrafish Abcb4 is a potential efflux transporter of microcystin-LR. |
PubMed: | Effect of soil HHCB on cadmium accumulation and phytotoxicity in wheat seedlings. |
PubMed: | Monitoring of sixteen fragrance allergens and two polycyclic musks in wastewater treatment plants by solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography. |
PubMed: | Field dissipation of four personal care products in biosolids-amended soils in North China. |
PubMed: | Occurrence and fate of synthetic musk fragrances in a small German river. |
PubMed: | Enantioselective analysis and fate of polycyclic musks in a water recycling plant in Sydney (Australia). |
PubMed: | Retrospective monitoring of persistent organic pollutants, including PCBs, PBDEs, and polycyclic musks in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and sediments from New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, USA: 1991-2005. |
PubMed: | Headspace stir bar sorptive extraction followed by thermal desorption and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry to determine musk fragrances in sludge samples without sample pretreatment. |
PubMed: | Theoretical and experimental evidences of medium range atmospheric transport processes of polycyclic musk fragrances. |
PubMed: | Environmental monitoring of selected pesticides and organic chemicals in urban stormwater recycling systems using passive sampling techniques. |
PubMed: | Development of stir-bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of musks in vegetables and amended soils. |
PubMed: | Determinations of airborne synthetic musks by polyurethane foam coupled with triple quadrupole gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometer. |
PubMed: | Concentrations and distribution of synthetic musks and siloxanes in sewage sludge of wastewater treatment plants in China. |
PubMed: | The occurrence and fate of chemicals of emerging concern in coastal urban rivers receiving discharge of treated municipal wastewater effluent. |
PubMed: | Simultaneous detection and quantification of select nitromusks, antimicrobial agent, and antihistamine in fish of grocery stores by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Electrochemical conversion of micropollutants in gray water. |
PubMed: | Occurrence and removal of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products in three wastewater-treatment plants. |
PubMed: | Field dissipation and risk assessment of typical personal care products TCC, TCS, AHTN and HHCB in biosolid-amended soils. |
PubMed: | Chemical and toxicological evaluation of transformation products during advanced oxidation processes. |
PubMed: | Ecological risk assessment of urban creek sediments contaminated by untreated domestic wastewater: potential contribution of antimicrobials and a musk fragrance. |
PubMed: | [Effects of HRT on fate of typical polycyclic musk by A2O process]. |
PubMed: | Dispersive micro solid-phase extraction for the rapid analysis of synthetic polycyclic musks using thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | [Polycyclic musks exposure affects gene expression of specific proteins in earthworm Eisenia fetida]. |
PubMed: | Enantiomeric analysis of polycyclic musks in water by chiral gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Disila-galaxolide and derivatives: synthesis and olfactory characterization of silicon-containing derivatives of the musk odorant galaxolide. |
PubMed: | Compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis of galaxolide enantiomers in sediment using gas chromatography/isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Biomarkers of human exposure to personal care products: results from the Flemish Environment and Health Study (FLEHS 2007-2011). |
PubMed: | Abcb4 acts as multixenobiotic transporter and active barrier against chemical uptake in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. |
PubMed: | Economic valuation of environmental benefits of removing pharmaceutical and personal care products from WWTP effluents by ozonation. |
PubMed: | Disposition and excretion of 14C-AHTN (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) and 14c-hhcb (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran) after intravenous administration to Sprague-Dawley rats and domestic pigs. |
PubMed: | Investigation of Galaxolide degradation products generated under oxidative and irradiation processes by liquid chromatography/hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Passive sampling for target and nontarget analyses of moderately polar and nonpolar substances in water. |
PubMed: | Analysis of plasticizers and synthetic musks in cosmetic and personal care products by matrix solid-phase dispersion gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | New analytical method for the determination of musks in personal care products by Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe extraction followed by GC-MS. |
PubMed: | Read-across estimates of aquatic toxicity for selected fragrances. |
PubMed: | Contaminants assessment in the coral reefs of Virgin Islands National Park and Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument. |
PubMed: | Determination of polycyclic and nitro musks in environmental water samples by means of microextraction by packed sorbents coupled to large volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. |
PubMed: | Spatial distribution characteristics of polycyclic musks as a chemical marker in river water and sediment compared with other typical pollutants. |
PubMed: | PPCPs wet weather mobilization in a combined sewer in NW Spain. |
PubMed: | Human dermal exposure to galaxolide from personal care products. |
PubMed: | Fate and removal of typical pharmaceuticals and personal care products by three different treatment processes. |
PubMed: | Evaluation of a coagulation/flocculation-lamellar clarifier and filtration-UV-chlorination reactor for removing emerging contaminants at full-scale wastewater treatment plants in Spain. |
PubMed: | Consumption and occurrence of pharmaceutical and personal care products in the aquatic environment in Spain. |
PubMed: | Metabolism of the polycyclic musk galaxolide and its interference with endogenous and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). |
PubMed: | Effects of polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN on steroidogenesis in H295R cells. |
PubMed: | Genetic analysis of chemosensory traits in human twins. |
PubMed: | Fully automated ionic liquid-based headspace single drop microextraction coupled to GC-MS/MS to determine musk fragrances in environmental water samples. |
PubMed: | Occurrences and potential risks of 16 fragrances in five German sewage treatment plants and their receiving waters. |
PubMed: | Uptake of galaxolide, tonalide, and triclosan by carrot, barley, and meadow fescue plants. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in German fish tissue: a national study. |
PubMed: | Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-γ-2-benzopyran. |
PubMed: | Optimization and validation of a nonaqueous micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for determination of polycyclic musks in perfumes. |
PubMed: | Oxidative and photochemical processes for the removal of galaxolide and tonalide from wastewater. |
PubMed: | Sources of nutrients impacting surface waters in Florida: a review. |
PubMed: | Spatial and seasonal distribution of synthetic musks in sewage treatment plants of Shanghai, China. |
PubMed: | Musk fragrances, DEHP and heavy metals in a 20 years old sludge treatment reed bed system. |
PubMed: | Inhibition of polyisoprenylated methylated protein methyl esterase by synthetic musks induces cell degeneration. |
PubMed: | Temporal evolution in PPCP removal from urban wastewater by constructed wetlands of different configuration: a medium-term study. |
PubMed: | Occurrence and persistence of organic emerging contaminants and priority pollutants in five sewage treatment plants of Spain: two years pilot survey monitoring. |
PubMed: | A genome-wide study on the perception of the odorants androstenone and galaxolide. |
PubMed: | Spatio-temporal evaluation of organic contaminants and their transformation products along a river basin affected by urban, agricultural and industrial pollution. |
PubMed: | SVOC exposure indoors: fresh look at dermal pathways. |
PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of parabens and synthetic musks in water by stir-bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Membrane assisted solvent extraction coupled to large volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for trace analysis of synthetic musks in environmental water samples. |
PubMed: | Toxicity assessment of simulated urban runoff containing polycyclic musks and cadmium in Carassius auratus using oxidative stress biomarkers. |
PubMed: | First evidences of the occurrence of polycyclic synthetic musk fragrances in surface water systems in Italy: spatial and temporal trends in the Molgora River (Lombardia Region, Northern Italy). |
PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in effluent and non-effluent impacted environments. |
PubMed: | The occurrence of synthetic musks in human breast milk in Sichuan, China. |
PubMed: | Levels of synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from three cities in the Yangtze River Delta in Eastern China. |
PubMed: | Influence of design, physico-chemical and environmental parameters on pharmaceuticals and fragrances removal by constructed wetlands. |
PubMed: | Occurrence and potential crop uptake of emerging contaminants and related compounds in an agricultural irrigation network. |
PubMed: | Comparison of PPCPs removal on a parallel-operated MBR and AS system and evaluation of effluent post-treatment on vertical flow reed beds. |
PubMed: | Fate and removal of permethrin by conventional activated sludge treatment. |
PubMed: | Transformation products and reaction kinetics of fragrances in advanced wastewater treatment with ozone. |
PubMed: | Reprint of: Concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of synthetic musks in the Haihe River of China. |
PubMed: | Simultaneous analysis of select pharmaceuticals and personal care products in fish tissue using pressurized liquid extraction combined with silica gel cleanup. |
PubMed: | Multilevel ecotoxicity assessment of polycyclic musk in the earthworm Eisenia fetida using traditional and molecular endpoints. |
PubMed: | Occurrence and accumulation features of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and synthetic musk compounds in finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) from Korean coastal waters. |
PubMed: | [Ecotoxicity of synthetical musks on wheat (Triticum aestivum) based on seed germination]. |
PubMed: | Evaluation of PPCPs removal in a combined anaerobic digester-constructed wetland pilot plant treating urban wastewater. |
PubMed: | Concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of synthetic musks in the Haihe River of China. |
PubMed: | High-sensitivity analysis of six synthetic musks by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-tandem mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | New developments in the analysis of fragrances and earthy-musty compounds in water by solid-phase microextraction (metal alloy fibre) coupled with gas chromatography-(tandem) mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | [Effects of soil HHCB and Cd contamination on the growth of wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum) and the pollutants accumulation in plants]. |
PubMed: | Removal of micropollutants from aerobically treated grey water via ozone and activated carbon. |
PubMed: | Occurrence and profiles of organic sun-blocking agents in surface waters and sediments in Japanese rivers and lakes. |
PubMed: | Automatic searching and evaluation of priority and emerging contaminants in wastewater and river water by stir bar sorptive extraction followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Ecotoxicological responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to soil contaminated with HHCB. |
PubMed: | Assessment of synthetic musk fragrances in seven wastewater treatment plants of Beijing, China. |
PubMed: | Acute toxicity, biochemical and gene expression responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to polycyclic musks. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer and its application for microextraction by packed sorbent for the determination of fluoroquinolone related compounds in water. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of polycyclic musks in wastewater and receiving water bodies and fate during wastewater treatment. |
PubMed: | Development of a stir bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining synthetic musks in water samples. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musk emissions from wastewater aeration basins. |
PubMed: | Interaction of Galaxolide® with the human and trout estrogen receptor-α. |
PubMed: | Aquatic hazard assessment for pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine-disrupting compounds from biosolids-amended land. |
PubMed: | Fate of effluent-borne contaminants beneath septic tank drainfields overlying a Karst aquifer. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in human blood from 11 cities in China. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musks in indoor dust from China and implications for human exposure. |
PubMed: | Seasonal occurrence and behavior of synthetic musks (SMs) during wastewater treatment process in Shanghai, China. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of emerging contaminants, priority substances (2008/105/CE) and heavy metals in treated wastewater and groundwater at Depurbaix facility (Barcelona, Spain). |
PubMed: | Occurrence of emerging contaminants, priority substances (2008/105/CE) and heavy metals in treated wastewater and groundwater at Depurbaix facility (Barcelona, Spain). |
PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of UV filters and polycyclic musks in aqueous samples by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Organic micropollutant degradation in sewage sludge during composting under thermophilic conditions. |
PubMed: | Comprehensive assessment of the design configuration of constructed wetlands for the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products from urban wastewaters. |
PubMed: | Development of a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining personal care products in air. |
PubMed: | Environmental assessment of anaerobically digested sludge reuse in agriculture: potential impacts of emerging micropollutants. |
PubMed: | Fast determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in sewage sludge and sediments by microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Higher blood concentrations of synthetic musks in women above fifty years than in younger women. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musks in Korean sewage sludges. |
PubMed: | Stir-bar-sorptive extraction and liquid desorption combined with large-volume injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis of musk compounds in environmental water matrices. |
PubMed: | Ecotoxicological effects of polycyclic musks and cadmium on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). |
PubMed: | Enantiomeric separation of chiral polycyclic musks by capillary electrophoresis: Application to the analysis of cosmetic samples. |
PubMed: | The interference of nitro- and polycyclic musks with endogenous and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in carp: an in vitro study. |
PubMed: | Individual- and population-level effects of the synthetic musk, HHCB, on the deposit-feeding polychaete, Capitella sp. I. |
PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of trace polycyclic and nitro musks in water samples using optimized solid-phase extraction by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in water by microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Analysis of selected pharmaceutical compounds and endocrine disruptors in municipal wastewater using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography. |
PubMed: | Inputs and distributions of synthetic musk fragrances in an estuarine and coastal environment; a case study. |
PubMed: | Ecotoxicological effects of typical personal care products on seed germination and seedling development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). |
PubMed: | Occurrence of emerging pollutants in urban wastewater and their removal through biological treatment followed by ozonation. |
PubMed: | Sorption behavior of a synthetic antioxidant, polycyclic musk, and an organophosphate insecticide in wastewater sludge. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of brominated flame retardants, polycyclic musks, and chlorinated naphthalenes in seal blubber from Antarctica: comparison to organochlorines. |
PubMed: | [Distribution character of synthetic musks in urban sewage sludges]. |
PubMed: | Temporal and spatial patterns of micropollutants in urban receiving waters. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musks in blood of healthy young adults: relationship to cosmetics use. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in fish: results of a national pilot study in the United States. |
PubMed: | Pre-treatment of hospital wastewater by coagulation-flocculation and flotation. |
PubMed: | Effects of the polycyclic musk HHCB on individual- and population-level endpoints in Potamopyrgus antipodarum. |
PubMed: | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry screening methods for select UV filters, synthetic musks, alkylphenols, an antimicrobial agent, and an insect repellent in fish. |
PubMed: | Effects of synthetic polycyclic musks on estrogen receptor, vitellogenin, pregnane X receptor, and cytochrome P450 3A gene expression in the livers of male medaka (Oryzias latipes). |
PubMed: | Environmental exposure of pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances in the Somes River before and after upgrading the municipal wastewater treatment plant Cluj-Napoca, Romania. |
PubMed: | Development of a method based on sorbent trapping followed by solid-phase microextraction for the determination of synthetic musks in indoor air. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musks in the aquatic environment and personal care products in Shanghai, China. |
PubMed: | Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. |
PubMed: | Polycyclic musks in green-lipped mussels (Perna viridis) from Hong Kong. |
PubMed: | Synthetic polycyclic musks in Hong Kong sewage sludge. |
PubMed: | Characterizing the passage of personal care products through wastewater treatment processes. |
PubMed: | Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from urban wastewater in a pilot vertical flow constructed wetland and a sand filter. |
PubMed: | Target and nontarget screening of organic micropollutants in water by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography/high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | The sweet scent on baby's breath? |
PubMed: | Air-sea exchange fluxes of synthetic polycyclic musks in the North Sea and the Arctic. |
PubMed: | Mass fluxes and spatial trends of xenobiotics in the waters of the city of Halle, Germany. |
PubMed: | Biotransformation of the polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN and metabolite formation by fungi occurring in freshwater environments. |
PubMed: | Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. |
PubMed: | Chub (Leuciscus cephalus) as a bioindicator of contamination of the Vltava River by synthetic musk fragrances. |
PubMed: | An overview of pharmaceuticals and personal care products contamination along the river Somes watershed, Romania. |
PubMed: | Determination of the solid-water distribution coefficient (Kd) for pharmaceuticals, estrogens and musk fragrances in digested sludge. |
PubMed: | Elimination of the musk fragrances galaxolide and tonalide from wastewater by ozonation and concomitant stripping. |
PubMed: | Concentrations of synthetic musk compounds in personal care and sanitation products and human exposure profiles through dermal application. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from the United States. |
PubMed: | Sources and transport of selected organic micropollutants in urban groundwater underlying the city of Halle (Saale), Germany. |
PubMed: | Emerging pollutants in the North Sea in comparison to Lake Ontario, Canada, data. |
PubMed: | Bioaccumulation, temporal trend, and geographical distribution of synthetic musks in the marine environment. |
PubMed: | Fate of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. |
PubMed: | Mass flow of polycyclic musks in two wastewater treatment plants. |
PubMed: | Calculation methods to perform mass balances of micropollutants in sewage treatment plants. application to pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). |
PubMed: | Levels, tissue distribution, and age-related accumulation of synthetic musk fragrances in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis): comparison to organochlorines. |
PubMed: | Persistent organic pollutants, brominated flame retardants and synthetic musks in fish from remote alpine lakes in Switzerland. |
PubMed: | 'Brain aided' musk design. |
PubMed: | Elimination of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in subsurface flow constructed wetlands. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musk fragrances in Lake Erie and Lake Ontario sediment cores. |
PubMed: | Toxicity of synthetic musks to early life stages of the freshwater mussel Lampsilis cardium. |
PubMed: | Retrospective monitoring of synthetic musk compounds in aquatic biota from German rivers and coastal areas. |
PubMed: | Membrane-assisted liquid-liquid extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for determination of selected polycyclic musk compounds and drugs in water samples. |
PubMed: | The concentrations and distribution of polycyclic musks in a typical cosmetic plant. |
PubMed: | Determination of fragrances at ng/L levels using CLSA and GC/MS detection. |
PubMed: | Excretion and ecotoxicity of pharmaceutical and personal care products in the environment. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musk compounds and effects on human health? |
PubMed: | Analysis of drugs and personal care products in French source and drinking waters: the analytical challenge and examples of application. |
PubMed: | Behaviour of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a sewage treatment plant of northwest Spain. |
PubMed: | A survey of polycyclic musks in selected household commodities from the United States. |
PubMed: | Removal of cosmetic ingredients and pharmaceuticals in sewage primary treatment. |
PubMed: | Polycyclic musk compounds in higher trophic level aquatic organisms and humans from the United States. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in marine mammals and sharks from Japanese coastal waters. |
PubMed: | Determination of polycyclic musks in sewage sludge from Guangdong, China using GC-EI-MS. |
PubMed: | Towards Raman optical activity calculations of large molecules. |
PubMed: | Determination of pharmaceuticals, iodinated contrast media and musk fragrances in sludge by LC/tandem MS and GC/MS. |
PubMed: | Estrogenic activity of cosmetic components in reporter cell lines: parabens, UV screens, and musks. |
PubMed: | Blood concentrations of polycyclic musks in healthy young adults. |
PubMed: | Polycyclic musks in the Ruhr catchment area--transport, discharges of waste water, and transformations of HHCB, AHTN and HHCB-lactone. |
PubMed: | Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. |
PubMed: | Determination of musks and other fragrance compounds at ng/L levels using CLSA (closed loop stripping analysis) and GC/MS detection. |
PubMed: | Comparison of the behaviour of selected micropollutants in a membrane bioreactor and a conventional wastewater treatment plant. |
PubMed: | Considerations about the enantioselective transformation of polycyclic musks in wastewater, treated wastewater and sewage sludge and analysis of their fate in a sequencing batch reactor plant. |
PubMed: | Retention characteristics and balance assessment for two polycyclic musk fragrances (HHCB and AHTN) in a typical German sewage treatment plant. |
PubMed: | Investigation on the behaviour of selected pharmaceuticals in the groundwater after infiltration of treated wastewater. |
PubMed: | Behavior of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and hormones in a sewage treatment plant. |
PubMed: | Fatal attraction: synthetic musk fragrances compromise multixenobiotic defense systems in mussels. |
PubMed: | Study of the photoinduced degradation of polycyclic musk compounds by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musk toxicity to early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). |
PubMed: | In vitro and in vivo antiestrogenic effects of polycyclic musks in zebrafish. |
PubMed: | Behavior of the polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN in lakes, two potential anthropogenic markers for domestic wastewater in surface waters. |
PubMed: | Pharmaceutical and personal care products in sewage treatment works. |
PubMed: | Evaluation of Simple Treat 3.0 for two hydrophobic and slowly biodegradable chemicals: polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN. |
PubMed: | Determination of musk compounds in sewage treatment plant sludge samples by solid-phase microextraction. |
PubMed: | Molecular markers of anthropogenic activity in sediments of the Havel and Spree Rivers (Germany). |
PubMed: | Bioconcentration and acute toxicity of polycyclic musks in two benthic organisms (Chironomus riparius and Lumbriculus variegatus). |
PubMed: | Polycyclic aromatic musk compounds in sewage treatment plant effluents of Canada and Sweden--first results. |
PubMed: | Inhibition of larval development of the marine copepod Acartia tonsa by four synthetic musk substances. |
PubMed: | Effects of four synthetic musks on the life cycle of the harpacticoid copepod Nitocra spinipes. |
PubMed: | Automated storage of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data in a relational database to facilitate compound screening and identification. |
PubMed: | Transcriptional activation of estrogen receptor ERalpha and ERbeta by polycyclic musks is cell type dependent. |
PubMed: | Optimisation of a solid-phase microextraction method for synthetic musk compounds in water. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musks in the environment. Part 2: Enantioselective transformation of the polycyclic musk fragrances HHCB, AHTN, AHDI, and ATII in freshwater fish. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musks in the environment. Part 1: Species-dependent bioaccumulation of polycyclic and nitro musk fragrances in freshwater fish and mussels. |
PubMed: | Polycyclic musk fragrances in fish samples from Berlin waterways, Germany. |
PubMed: | Constructing conformationally constrained macrobicyclic musks. |
PubMed: | Synthetic musks in environmental samples: indicator compounds with relevant properties for environmental monitoring. |
PubMed: | Enantioselectivity of the musk odor sensation. |
PubMed: | Polycyclic musk fragrances in different environmental compartments in Berlin (Germany). |
PubMed: | Optimization of solid-phase microextraction for the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of synthetic musk fragrances in water samples. |
PubMed: | Aquatic fate assessment of the polycyclic musk fragrance HHCB. Scenario and variability analysis in accordance with the EU risk assessment guidelines. |
PubMed: | Patterns of waking EEG spectral power in chemically intolerant individuals during repeated chemical exposures. |
PubMed: | Nitro musks, nitro musk amino metabolites and polycyclic musks in sewage sludges. Quantitative determination by HRGC-ion-trap-MS/MS and mass spectral characterization of the amino metabolites. |
PubMed: | Genotoxicity tests with 6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetraline and 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyr an. |
PubMed: | Enantiomeric composition of the polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN in different aquatic species |
PubMed: | Thermodynamic prediction of active ingredient loading in polymeric microparticles. |
PubMed: | Testing of SOS induction of artificial polycyclic musk fragrances in E. coli PQ37 (SOS chromotest). |
PubMed: | Lack of Mutagenicity of Polycyclic Musk Fragrances in Salmonella typhimurium. |
PubMed: | Genotoxicity of polycyclic musk fragrances in the sister-chromatid exchange test. |
PubMed: | In vitro genotoxicity of polycyclic musk fragrances in the micronucleus test. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of nitro and non-nitro benzenoid musk compounds in human adipose tissue. |
PubMed: | EEG and ERP studies of low-level odor exposure in normal subjects. |
PubMed: | Life span changes in the verbal categorization of odors. |
PubMed: | Safety evaluation of four bicyclic musk fragrance-chemicals relative to the neurotoxin, acetyl ethyl tetramethyl tetralin (AETT). |
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