ocimum basilicum
sweet basil
 
Notes:
None found
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Name: ocimum basilicum l.
CAS Number: 84775-71-3 
ECHA EC Number: 283-900-8
Category: food additive
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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FEMA Number: 2118 sweet basil
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
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Physical Properties:
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor Type: licorice
 
Odor Strength: medium
 
 basil  herbal  tarragon  
Odor Description:
at 100.00 %. 
basil
 
 
Flavor Type: licorice
 
 basil  licorice  tarragon  fennel  root beer  
Taste Description:
basil
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
American Natural & Organic Spices
Basil, Available as 100% Certified Organic
Elite Spice
Basil
Fuchs North America
Basil
Mountain Valley Growers
Ocimum basilicum Italian Large Leaf Sweet Basil
Rose Office
Basil Bulgaria organic
SupHerb Farms
Basil 1/2"
Fresh Frozen
SupHerb Farms
Basil Blanched Large
Fresh Frozen
SupHerb Farms
Basil Blanched Small
Fresh Frozen
SupHerb Farms
Basil Blanched Super Fine
Fresh Frozen
SupHerb Farms
Basil Large
Fresh Frozen
SupHerb Farms
Basil Small
Fresh Frozen
Vege Tech
O.C. Basil
Whole Herb
Basil
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: food additive
Recommendation for ocimum basilicum usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -680.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -2.50000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: -500.00000
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -5.00000
fruit ices: -5.00000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -5.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: -520.00000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
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Safety References:
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
 ocimum basilicum l.
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References:
 ocimum basilicum l.
Pubchem (cas): 84775-71-3
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Other Information:
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: View
Wikipedia: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 basil
Search Trop  Picture
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Synonyms:
sweet basil
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Articles:
PubMed: Characterisation of organic and conventional sweet basil leaves using chromatographic and flow-injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprints combined with principal component analysis.
PubMed: Higher Potassium Concentration in Shoots Reduces Gray Mold in Sweet Basil.
PubMed: Methyl jasmonate-elicited transcriptional responses and pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis in sweet basil.
PubMed: Effect of Water Stress and Storage Time on Anthocyanins and Other Phenolics of Different Genotypes of Fresh Sweet Basil.
PubMed: ZnO nanofertilizer and He Ne laser irradiation for promoting growth and yield of sweet basil plant.
PubMed: Daytime Solar Heating Controls Downy Mildew Peronospora belbahrii in Sweet Basil.
PubMed: Utilization of heavy metal-rich tannery sludge for sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivation.
PubMed: Microbiological analysis of pre-packed sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum) leaves for the presence of Salmonella spp. and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli.
PubMed: The effects of plant growth regulators and L-phenylalanine on phenolic compounds of sweet basil.
PubMed: Unexpected roles for ancient proteins: flavone 8-hydroxylase in sweet basil trichomes is a Rieske-type, PAO-family oxygenase.
PubMed: Photoprotection by foliar anthocyanins mitigates effects of boron toxicity in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum).
PubMed: α-Linalool - a marker compound of forged/synthetic sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oils.
PubMed: Epidermal coumaroyl anthocyanins protect sweet basil against excess light stress: multiple consequences of light attenuation.
PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) from Western Ghats of North West Karnataka, India.
PubMed: Foliar sprays of citric acid and salicylic acid alter the pattern of root acquisition of some minerals in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).
PubMed: De novo sequencing and comparative analysis of holy and sweet basil transcriptomes.
PubMed: Characterization of two candidate flavone 8-O-methyltransferases suggests the existence of two potential routes to nevadensin in sweet basil.
PubMed: Root internalization, transport and in-planta survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Newport in sweet basil.
PubMed: Ecologically acceptable usage of derivatives of essential oil of sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum, as antifeedants against larvae of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar.
PubMed: The roles of a flavone-6-hydroxylase and 7-O-demethylation in the flavone biosynthetic network of sweet basil.
PubMed: Changes in nitrate and nitrite concentrations over 24h for sweet basil and scallions.
PubMed: A set of regioselective O-methyltransferases gives rise to the complex pattern of methoxylated flavones in sweet basil.
PubMed: [Effectiveness of antimicrobial formulations for acne based on orange (Citrus sinensis) and sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L) essential oils].
PubMed: Variation in essential oil composition within individual leaves of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is more affected by leaf position than by leaf age.
PubMed: Aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil) protect against sodium arsenite-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats.
PubMed: Antibacterial properties of essential oils and methanol extracts of sweet basil Ocimum basilicum occurring in Bangladesh.
PubMed: Monitoring for resistance to fungicides in Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the pathogens of sweet basil.
PubMed: Effect of methyl jasmonate on secondary metabolites of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).
PubMed: Biosynthesis of estragole and methyl-eugenol in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Developmental and chemotypic association of allylphenol O-methyltransferase activities.
PubMed: Comparison of Field and Laboratory-Based Tests for Behavioral Response of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to Repellents.
PubMed: Resistance Against Basil Downy Mildew in Ocimum Species.
PubMed: Chemical changes and overexpressed genes in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) upon methyl jasmonate treatment.
PubMed: Effects of neem flowers, Thai and Chinese bitter gourd fruits and sweet basil leaves on hepatic monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferase activities, and in vitro metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens in rats.
PubMed: Bioautography-guided isolation of antibacterial compounds of essential oils from Thai spices against histamine-producing bacteria.
PubMed: Phylogenetic analysis and real time PCR detection of a presumbably undescribed Peronospora species on sweet basil and sage.
PubMed: Soil bacteria elevate essential oil accumulation and emissions in sweet basil.
PubMed: Effect of chitosan on the biological properties of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).
PubMed: The effects of soluble dietary fibre from the Thai herb, sweet basil seed, on human body composition.
PubMed: Basil Downy Mildew (Peronospora belbahrii): Discoveries and Challenges Relative to Its Control.
PubMed: Repellent effect of sweet basil compounds on Ixodes ricinus ticks.
PubMed: A systems biology investigation of the MEP/terpenoid and shikimate/phenylpropanoid pathways points to multiple levels of metabolic control in sweet basil glandular trichomes.
PubMed: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can induce the production of phytochemicals in sweet basil irrespective of phosphorus nutrition.
PubMed: Essential oils from sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) as novel enhancers to accelerate transdermal drug delivery.
PubMed: Scale-up micropropagation of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in an airlift bioreactor and accumulation of rosmarinic acid.
PubMed: Characterization of geraniol synthase from the peltate glands of sweet basil.
PubMed: In vitro rosmarinic acid accumulation in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).
PubMed: Phenolics composition and antioxidant activity of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).
PubMed: Antifungal activity of peppermint and sweet basil essential oils and their major aroma constituents on some plant pathogenic fungi from the vapor phase.
PubMed: Differential production of meta hydroxylated phenylpropanoids in sweet basil peltate glandular trichomes and leaves is controlled by the activities of specific acyltransferases and hydroxylases.
PubMed: Characterization of phenylpropene O-methyltransferases from sweet basil: facile change of substrate specificity and convergent evolution within a plant O-methyltransferase family.
PubMed: Synthesis of highly active juvenile hormone analogs, juvocimene I and II, from the oil of sweet basil,Ocimum basilicum L.
PubMed: Juvocimenes: potent juvenile hormone mimics from sweet basil.
PubMed: The effects of green Ocimum basilicum hydroalcoholic extract on retention and retrieval of memory in mice.
PubMed: Pro-oxidant/antioxidant behaviours of ascorbic acid, tocopherol, and plant extracts in n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid rich oil-in-water emulsions.
PubMed: Chavicol formation in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum): cleavage of an esterified C9 hydroxyl group with NAD(P)H-dependent reduction.
PubMed: Aqueous extracts of Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) decrease platelet aggregation induced by ADP and thrombin in vitro and rats arterio--venous shunt thrombosis in vivo.
PubMed: Analysis of the enzymatic formation of citral in the glands of sweet basil.
PubMed: UV-B is required for normal development of oil glands in Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil).
PubMed: Light reflected from colored mulches affects aroma and phenol content of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves.
PubMed: An investigation of the storage and biosynthesis of phenylpropenes in sweet basil.
PubMed: Flavor volatiles and physical properties of vacuum-microwave- and air-dried sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).
PubMed: The synergistic preservative effects of the essential oils of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) against acid-tolerant food microflora.
PubMed: Infraspecific taxonomy and essential oil chemotypes in sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum.
PubMed: Development and deployment of systems-based approaches for the management of soilborne plant pathogens.
PubMed: De novo production of six key grape aroma monoterpenes by a geraniol synthase-engineered S. cerevisiae wine strain.
PubMed: Fumigant Toxicity of Essential Oils from Basil and Spearmint Against Two Major Pyralid Pests of Stored Products.
PubMed: Molecular cloning and functional characterization of an antifungal PR-5 protein from Ocimum basilicum.
PubMed: Identification of a unique 2-oxoglutarate-dependent flavone 7-O-demethylase completes the elucidation of the lipophilic flavone network in basil.
PubMed: Effects of drying methods on qualitative and quantitative properties of essential oil of two basil landraces.
PubMed: Inland treatment of the brine generated from reverse osmosis advanced membrane wastewater treatment plant using epuvalisation system.
PubMed: Rapid staining method to detect and identify downy mildew (Peronospora belbahrii) in basil.
PubMed: Evaluation of essential oils for maintaining postharvest quality of Thompson seedless table grape.
PubMed: The effects of different UV-B radiation intensities on morphological and biochemical characteristics in Ocimum basilicum L.
PubMed: Light suppresses sporulation and epidemics of Peronospora belbahrii.
PubMed: Specificity of Ocimum basilicum geraniol synthase modified by its expression in different heterologous systems.
PubMed: Pseudomonas aeruginosa-plant root interactions. Pathogenicity, biofilm formation, and root exudation.
PubMed: Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activity of Thai basil oils and their micro-emulsion formulas against Propionibacterium acnes.
PubMed: Selenium concentrations of selected medicinal and aromatic plants in Turkey.
PubMed: Efficacy of herbal essential oils as insecticide against Aedes aegypti (Linn.), Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) and Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison).
PubMed: Influence of viral infection on essential oil composition of Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae).
PubMed: Insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate.
PubMed: Antihypertensive effects of Ocimum basilicum L. (OBL) on blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive rats.
PubMed: Identification of nevadensin as an important herb-based constituent inhibiting estragole bioactivation and physiology-based biokinetic modeling of its possible in vivo effect.
PubMed: The potential of a jumping spider, Phidippus clarus, as a biocontrol agent.
PubMed: Anti-inflammatory activities of extracts of Thai spices and herbs with lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.
PubMed: Effect of cultivar on the protection of cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress by essential oils and aqueous extracts of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).
PubMed: Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic potentials of some Thai vegetables.
PubMed: Heavy metals in selected edible vegetables and estimation of their daily intake in Sanandaj, Iran.
PubMed: Yield and oil composition of 38 basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) accessions grown in Mississippi.
PubMed: Evolution of Cinnamate/p-coumarate carboxyl methyltransferases and their role in the biosynthesis of methylcinnamate.
PubMed: Catalytic activity, duplication and evolution of the CYP98 cytochrome P450 family in wheat.
PubMed: The cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of some herbal teas.
PubMed: Eugenol and isoeugenol, characteristic aromatic constituents of spices, are biosynthesized via reduction of a coniferyl alcohol ester.
PubMed: Antiviral activities of extracts and selected pure constituents of Ocimum basilicum.
PubMed: Anti-proliferative activity of essential oil extracted from Thai medicinal plants on KB and P388 cell lines.
PubMed: Evolution of flavors and scents.
PubMed: The biochemical and molecular basis for the divergent patterns in the biosynthesis of terpenes and phenylpropenes in the peltate glands of three cultivars of basil.
PubMed: Herbs as a food source in Turkey.
PubMed: Chemomodulatory efficacy of basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum) on drug metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes, and on carcinogen-induced skin and forestomach papillomagenesis.
PubMed: Determination of antioxidant properties of aromatic herbs, olives and fresh fruit using an enzymatic sensor.
PubMed: Aroma content of fresh basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves is affected by light reflected from colored mulches.
PubMed: Suppressive effects of rosmarinic acid on mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis in rats.
PubMed: Efficacy of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. and O. gratissimum L. applied as an insecticidal fumigant and powder to control Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.)
PubMed: Constituents of aromatic plants: II. Estragole.
PubMed: Inhibitory effects of rosmarinic acid on the proliferation of cultured murine mesangial cells.
PubMed: Effect of various essential oils on Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae).
PubMed: The 24-kDa protein from Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. erythroxyli: occurrence in related fungi and the effect of growth medium on its production.
PubMed: Insect-plant interactions: endocrine defences.
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