citrus grandis peel oil
volatile oil obtained from the peel of the grapefruit, citrus grandis, rutaceae
 
Notes:
tsca definition 2008: extractives and their physically modified derivatives. citrus paradisi, citrus.
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Name: citrus grandis peel oil
CAS Number: 8016-20-4 
Also Contains: citrus grandis peel extract
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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FEMA Number: 2530 grapefruit peel oil (citrus grandis)
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
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Physical Properties:
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 4.581 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
 water
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor Type: citrus
 
Odor Strength: medium
 
 grapefruit  
Odor Description:
at 100.00 %. 
grapefruit
 
 
Flavor Type: citrus
 
 grapefruit  
Taste Description:
grapefruit
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
CosIng: cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: masking agents
perfuming agents
skin conditioning
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50  > 5000 mg/kg
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 723, 1974.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 723, 1974.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
IFRA Critical Effect: Phototoxicity
IFRA fragrance material specification:
 Where the bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen) content of all relevant oils present in a compound has been determined, it is recommended that for applications on areas of skin exposed to sunshine, excluding bath preparations, soaps and other products which are washed off the skin, the total level of bergapten in the consumer products should not exceed 0.0015% (15 ppm). This is equivalent to 0.0075% (75 ppm) in a fragrance compound used at 20% in the consumer product. Where the level of bergapten has not been determined by appropriate methods, the limits specified in the guidelines on individual oils should apply. In those cases, where such oils are used in combination with other phototoxic ingredients, the additive effect has to be taken into consideration and the use levels have to be reduced accordingly. The sum of the concentrations of all phototoxic fragrance ingredients, expressed in % of their recommended maximum level in the consumer product, shall not exceed 100.
contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only)
citronellol Max. Found: <0.10 % and Reason: Sensitization
citral Max. Found: 0.1 % and Reason: Sensitization
geraniol Max. Found: <0.20 % and Reason: Sensitization
(E)-2-hexen-1-al Max. Found: trace to <0.10 % and Reason: Sensitization
farnesol Max. Found: <0.40 % and Reason: Sensitization
citronellal Max. Found: 0.1 % and Reason: Sensitization
limits in the finished product for - "leave on the skin contact":
  4.0000 % Restriction.
 
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -370.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -160.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: -1500.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -180.00000
fruit ices: -180.00000
gelatins / puddings: -250.00000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -630.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov: search
Daily Med: search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 8016-20-4
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
WGK Germany: 1
 citrus grandis peel oil
Chemidplus: 0008016204
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References:
 citrus grandis peel oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 8016-20-4
Pubchem (sid): 135277011
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Other Information:
Wikipedia: View
Wikipedia2: View2
FAO: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
For Odor
No odor group found for these
 ethyl 2-thenoate 
2-ethyl-N-methyl-N-(3-methyl phenyl) butyramideFR
1-(2-isopropyl-5-methyl cyclohexyl)-5-(piperidine-1-carbonyl) piperidin-2-one 
aldehydic
 tridecanalFL/FR
anisic
 ethyl para-anisateFL/FR
camphoreous
 bornyl ethyl ether 
citronella
4,8-dimethyl-7-nonen-2-olFR
citrus
 benzyl anthranilateFR
beta-bisabololFL/FR
 citral dimethyl acetalFL/FR
 citrus grandis fruit extractFL/FR
 citrus grandis fruit waterFR
 citrus grandis peelFL/FR
 citrus grandis peel extractFR
 citrus grandis peel powderFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel 
 citrus paradisi peel extractFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel oil bergaptene reducedFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel oil washedFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel waterFL/FR
 dimethyl octenoneFR
2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanyl acetateFR
 grapefruit carbonylsFL/FR
 grapefruit essenceFL/FR
 grapefruit fragranceFR
 grapefruit indeneFR
 grapefruit mercaptanFL/FR
(S)-grapefruit mercaptan 
 grapefruit nitrileFR
 grapefruit oilFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. duncan) italy 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. duncan) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. falvedo) 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. foster) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. jubilee) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. marsh seedless) 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. marsh seedless) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. red blush) 
 grapefruit oil c.p. argentinaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. californiaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. floridaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. israelFL/FR
 grapefruit oil CO2 extract (citrus paradisi macf. var. falvedo)FL/FR
 grapefruit oil foldedFL/FR
 grapefruit oil folded californiaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil folded floridaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil replacerFL/FR
 grapefruit oil terpenelessFL/FR
 grapefruit oil terpenesFL/FR
 grapefruit pentanolFR
 grapefruit specialtyFR
 lemon oil residuesFL/FR
(R)-mercapto-3-methyl hexan-1-ol 
5-mercapto-5-methyl-3-hexanoneFL/FR
 methyl indole-1-carboxylateFR
4-methyl-2-(1-methyl propyl)-1,3-oxathiane 
1-methyl-4-methyl ethenyl cyclohexene sulfurizedFL/FR
 myrmac aldehydeFR
(+)-nootkatoneFL/FR
wild sweet orange peel oil west indianFL/FR
 philodendron solimoesense specialtyFR
 rhubafuranFR
alpha-terpinyl methyl etherFL/FR
(±)-2,4,8-trimethyl-7-nonen-2-olFL/FR
 valenceneFL/FR
 yuzu specialtyFR
ethereal
 ethyl acetateFL/FR
2-methyl valeraldehydeFL/FR
floral
 acetyl tetralinFR
 allyl anthranilateFL/FR
 amyl anthranilateFL/FR
 bigarade oxideFR
 cassis oxime 10%FR
beta-damascenoneFL/FR
 decyl anthranilateFR
 dimethyl anthranilateFL/FR
2,4-dimethyl cyclohexyl methyl acetateFR
 ethyl anthranilateFL/FR
 ethyl ortho-anisateFL/FR
 gardenia acetalFR
 gardenia amideFR
 gardenia decaloneFR
 gardenia pentyl acetateFR
 linalyl anthranilateFL/FR
 magnolia indeneFR
beta-naphthyl anthranilateFL/FR
 neryl isovalerateFL/FR
 octanal / methyl anthranilate schiff's baseFR
 peony acetonitrileFR
 petitgrain grapefruit oilFL/FR
 petitgrain mandarin oilFL/FR
 petitgrain mandarin oil terpenelessFL/FR
 phenethyl anthranilateFL/FR
4-phenyl-3-buten-2-olFL/FR
fruity
 acetoin acetateFL/FR
 apple crotonateFR
 butyl anthranilateFL/FR
isobutyl anthranilateFL/FR
(E)-cinnamyl propionateFL/FR
 cyclohexyl anthranilateFL/FR
 ethyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
 ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoateFL/FR
 ethyl propionateFL/FR
 grape butyrateFL/FR
 grape essenceFL/FR
concord grape fragranceFR
 grape fragranceFR
 grapefruit acetalFR
3-hexanoneFL/FR
(Z)-3-hexen-1-yl anthranilateFL/FR
 methyl 2-methyl valerateFL/FR
 methyl anthranilateFL/FR
 neryl propionateFL/FR
(Z)-3-octen-1-yl propionateFL/FR
3-phenyl propyl isobutyrateFL/FR
 propyl heptanoateFL/FR
(S)-3-thiohexanol 
 tropical trithianeFL/FR
grape
 muscadine fragranceFR
green
2-butyl-4-methyl-1,3-oxathiane 
 green carboxylateFR
(Z)-3-hexen-1-yl butyrateFL/FR
(E)-2-hexen-1-yl isovalerateFL/FR
4-mercapto-5-nonanone 
(2-methoxy-1-methyl butyl) benzeneFR
[(4E,4Z)-5-methoxy-3-methyl-4-penten-1-yl] benzeneFR
herbal
6-acetoxydihydrotheaspiraneFL/FR
 chrysanthemum ketoneFR
3-mercapto-4-heptanone 
5-mercapto-6-undecanol 
5-mercapto-6-undecanone 
3-octyl acetateFL/FR
alpha-terpinyl acetateFL/FR
2,4,6-trimethyl-6-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one 
minty
 ethyl benzoateFL/FR
mushroom
(S)-(+)-2-octanol 
naphthyl
beta-naphthyl ethyl etherFL/FR
pulpy
 grapefruit isolateFL/FR
spicy
 cinnamyl propionateFL/FR
sulfurous
 ethyl 3-mercaptopropionateFL/FR
 grapefruit menthaneFL/FR
4-methoxy-2-methyl butane thiolFL/FR
3-thiohexanolFL/FR
4-tropical oxathianeFL/FR
waxy
 ethyl decanoateFL/FR
 ethyl nonanoateFL/FR
winey
2-octyl propionate 
 
For Flavor
 
No flavor group found for these
6-acetoxydihydrotheaspiraneFL/FR
 allyl anthranilateFL/FR
 amyl anthranilateFL/FR
2-butyl-4-methyl-1,3-oxathiane 
(E)-cinnamyl propionateFL/FR
 dihydronootkatoneFL
 ethyl 3-mercaptopropionateFL/FR
 ethyl ortho-anisateFL/FR
(S)-grapefruit mercaptan 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. duncan) italy 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. duncan) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. falvedo) 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. foster) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. jubilee) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. marsh seedless) 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. marsh seedless) russia 
 grapefruit oil c.p. (citrus paradisi var. red blush) 
 lemon oil residuesFL/FR
(R)-mercapto-3-methyl hexan-1-ol 
3-mercapto-4-heptanone 
4-mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanolFL
5-mercapto-5-methyl-3-hexanoneFL/FR
4-mercapto-5-nonanone 
5-mercapto-6-undecanol 
5-mercapto-6-undecanone 
3-mercaptooctanalFL
4-methyl-2-(1-methyl propyl)-1,3-oxathiane 
(S)-(+)-2-octanol 
2-octyl propionate 
(S)-3-thiohexanol 
2,4,6-trimethyl-6-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one 
anise
 ethyl para-anisateFL/FR
bitter
1-(2-isopropyl-5-methyl cyclohexyl)-5-(piperidine-1-carbonyl) piperidin-2-one 
camphoreous
 bornyl ethyl ether 
citrus
beta-bisabololFL/FR
 citral dimethyl acetalFL/FR
 citrus grandis fruit extractFL/FR
 citrus grandis peelFL/FR
 citrus grandis peel powderFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel 
 citrus paradisi peel extractFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel oil bergaptene reducedFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel oil washedFL/FR
 citrus paradisi peel waterFL/FR
 dehydronootkatoneFL
 grapefruit carbonylsFL/FR
 grapefruit essenceFL/FR
pink grapefruit flavorFL
 grapefruit flavorFL
 grapefruit green flavorFL
 grapefruit juiceFL
 grapefruit keyFL
 grapefruit mercaptanFL/FR
 grapefruit oilFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. argentinaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. californiaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. floridaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil c.p. israelFL/FR
 grapefruit oil CO2 extract (citrus paradisi macf. var. falvedo)FL/FR
 grapefruit oil foldedFL/FR
 grapefruit oil folded californiaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil folded floridaFL/FR
 grapefruit oil replacerFL/FR
 grapefruit oil sesquiterpenelessFL
 grapefruit oil terpenelessFL/FR
 grapefruit oil terpenesFL/FR
 lemon carbonylsFL
3-mercaptoheptyl acetateFL
1-methyl-4-methyl ethenyl cyclohexene sulfurizedFL/FR
(+)-nootkatoneFL/FR
wild sweet orange peel oil west indianFL/FR
 petitgrain grapefruit oilFL/FR
 petitgrain mandarin oilFL/FR
 pomelo essence oilFL
 pomelo flavorFL
(±)-2,4,8-trimethyl-7-nonen-2-olFL/FR
 valenceneFL/FR
earthy
(±)-2-mercapto-5-methylheptan-4-oneFL
ethereal
 ethyl acetateFL/FR
fatty
(E,E)-2,4-dodecadienalFL
fermented
 ethyl 2-thenoate 
floral
 cinnamyl propionateFL/FR
(Z)-3-hexen-1-yl anthranilateFL/FR
 linalyl anthranilateFL/FR
 phenethyl anthranilateFL/FR
fruity
 acetoin acetateFL/FR
isobutyl anthranilateFL/FR
 butyl anthranilateFL/FR
 cyclohexyl anthranilateFL/FR
 dimethyl anthranilateFL/FR
 ethyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
 ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoateFL/FR
 ethyl anthranilateFL/FR
 ethyl propionateFL/FR
 furfuryl butyrateFL
 furfuryl isovalerateFL
 grape concentrateFL
 grape enhancerFL
 grape essenceFL/FR
concord grape flavorFL
red grape flavorFL
white grape flavorFL
 grape flavorFL
muscatine grape flavorFL
green grape flavorFL
 grape juice concentrateFL
3-hexanoneFL/FR
 mango papaya grapefruit flavorFL
 methyl 2-methyl valerateFL/FR
 methyl anthranilateFL/FR
beta-naphthyl anthranilateFL/FR
 neryl isovalerateFL/FR
(Z)-3-octen-1-yl propionateFL/FR
 petitgrain mandarin oil terpenelessFL/FR
3-phenyl propyl isobutyrateFL/FR
4-tropical oxathianeFL/FR
 tropical trithianeFL/FR
green
 grape butyrateFL/FR
(Z)-3-hexen-1-yl butyrateFL/FR
(E)-2-hexen-1-yl isovalerateFL/FR
 neryl propionateFL/FR
3-octyl acetateFL/FR
medicinal
 ethyl benzoateFL/FR
musty
 propionaldehydeFL
powdery
beta-naphthyl ethyl etherFL/FR
pulpy
 grapefruit isolateFL/FR
sulfurous
 grapefruit menthaneFL/FR
4-methoxy-2-methyl butane thiolFL/FR
3-thiohexanolFL/FR
tropical
 anacardium occidentale fruit pureeFL
vegetable
2-methyl valeraldehydeFL/FR
waxy
 ethyl decanoateFL/FR
 ethyl nonanoateFL/FR
4-phenyl-3-buten-2-olFL/FR
 propyl heptanoateFL/FR
 tridecanalFL/FR
woody
beta-damascenoneFL/FR
alpha-terpinyl acetateFL/FR
alpha-terpinyl methyl etherFL/FR
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 pomelo
Search Trop  Picture
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Synonyms:
 citrus maxima peel oil
 grapefruit peel oil (citrus grandis)
 pomelo peel oil
 volatile oil obtained from the peel of the grapefruit, citrus grandis, rutaceae
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Articles:
PubMed: The Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Cold-Pressed and Distilled Essential Oils of Citrus paradisi and Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck.
PubMed: Flavonoid profiles of immature and mature fruit tissues of Citrus grandis Osbeck (Dangyuja) and overall contribution to the antioxidant effect.
PubMed: Extracts of pomelo peels prevent high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in c57bl/6 mice through activating the PPARĪ± and GLUT4 pathway.
PubMed: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of flavonoids from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peel and their antioxidant activity.
PubMed: Volatile constituents of wild citrus Mangshanyegan (Citrus nobilis Lauriro) peel oil.
PubMed: Citrus grandis peel increases the bioavailability of cyclosporine and tacrolimus, two important immunosuppressants, in rats.
PubMed: Antioxidant content and free radical scavenging ability of fresh red pummelo [Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck] juice and freeze-dried products.
PubMed: Volatile constituents of redblush grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) and pummelo (Citrus grandis) peel essential oils from Kenya.
PubMed: [Screening for limonoid glucosides in Citrus grandis L. Osbeck by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry].
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