Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 97.00 to 100.00 %
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Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Specific Gravity: | 1.03700 to 1.03900 @ 20.00 °C.
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Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.639 to 8.656
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Boiling Point: | 225.00 to 226.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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Boiling Point: | 85.00 °C. @ 8.00 mm Hg
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Vapor Pressure: | 0.065000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Flash Point: | 194.00 °F. TCC ( 90.00 °C. )
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logP (o/w): | 2.672 (est) |
Shelf Life: | 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | ether | | water, 416.4 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Insoluble in: |
| water |
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Description:
| sweet floral |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavoring agents |
Recommendation for phenyl butyrate usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
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Structure Class: | I |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 24 |
Click here to view publication 24 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | - |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | - |
fruit ices: | 0.20000 | 2.00000 |
gelatins / puddings: | 0.20000 | 2.00000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | - |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| butanoic acid phenyl ester | | butanoic acid, phenyl ester | | butanoic acid, phenylester | | butyrate phenyl | | butyric acid phenyl ester | | butyric acid, phenyl ester | | fragerol | | phenyl butanoate |
Articles:
PubMed: | Molecular diagnosis of urea cycle disorders: current global scenario. |
PubMed: | Epigenetic changes during hematopoietic cell granulocytic differentiation--comparative analysis of primary CD34+ cells, KG1 myeloid cells and mature neutrophils. |
PubMed: | GHB receptor targets in the CNS: focus on high-affinity binding sites. |
PubMed: | Functional analysis and in vitro correction of splicing FAH mutations causing tyrosinemia type I. |
PubMed: | Transcriptional regulation of the ABCC6 gene and the background of impaired function of missense disease-causing mutations. |
PubMed: | Susceptibility of hepatoma-derived cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors is associated with ID2 expression. |
PubMed: | In vitro epigenetic reprogramming of human cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells into functionally competent cardiovascular precursors. |
PubMed: | Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Aryl Halides with Alkyl Halides: Ethyl 4-(4-(4-methylphenylsulfonamido)-phenyl)butanoate. |
PubMed: | DNA methyltransferase inhibitor RG108 and histone deacetylase inhibitors cooperate to enhance NB4 cell differentiation and E-cadherin re-expression by chromatin remodelling. |
PubMed: | Antileukemic activity of combined epigenetic agents, DNMT inhibitors zebularine and RG108 with HDAC inhibitors, against promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. |
PubMed: | Effects of cellular, chemical, and pharmacological chaperones on the rescue of a trafficking-defective mutant of the ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins ABCB1/ABCB4. |
PubMed: | Epigenetic changes by zebularine leading to enhanced differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia NB4 and KG1 cells. |
PubMed: | C/EBPα and PU.1 are involved in distinct differentiation responses of acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and NB4 cells via chromatin remodeling. |
PubMed: | Novel radioiodinated {gamma}-hydroxybutyric acid analogues for radiolabeling and Photolinking of high-affinity {gamma}-hydroxybutyric acid binding sites. |
PubMed: | IL-1beta induces ER stress in a JNK dependent manner that determines cell death in human pancreatic epithelial MIA PaCa-2 cells. |
PubMed: | Response of retinoic acid-resistant KG1 cells to combination of retinoic acid with diverse histone deacetylase inhibitors. |
PubMed: | [Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency in adolescence and adulthood: first manifestation with life-threatening decompensation]. |
PubMed: | Lipid-induced ER stress: synergistic effects of sterols and saturated fatty acids. |
PubMed: | Light induced functionalization of PCL-PEG block copolymers for the covalent immobilization of biomolecules. |
PubMed: | Detection of metabolite changes in C6 glioma cells cultured with antimitotic oleyl glycoside by 1H MAS NMR. |
PubMed: | Surface functionalization of a poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) melt-blown filtration membrane by wet chemistry and photo-grafting. |
PubMed: | Clonogenic acute myelogenous leukemia cells are heterogeneous with regard to regulation of differentiation and effect of epigenetic pharmacological targeting. |
PubMed: | Sodium phenyl butyrate downregulates endothelin-1 expression in cultured human endothelial cells: relevance to sickle-cell disease. |
PubMed: | Effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors, sodium phenyl butyrate and vitamin B3, in combination with retinoic acid on granulocytic differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. |
PubMed: | [Phenol butyrate inhibits cell cycle of leukemia cell lines through up-regulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 gene]. |
PubMed: | Single and combination drug therapy for fetal hemoglobin augmentation in hemoglobin E-beta 0-thalassemia: Considerations for treatment. |
PubMed: | Fetal haemoglobin augmentation in E/beta(0) thalassaemia: clinical and haematological outcome. |
PubMed: | A practical molecular clip for immobilization of receptors and biomolecules on devices' surface: synthesis, grafting protocol and analytical assay. |
PubMed: | Use of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor to induce apoptosis in cell lines of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
PubMed: | Pharmacological approaches to correcting the ion transport defect in cystic fibrosis. |
PubMed: | [cDNA array in the establishment of a gene expression profile associated with differentiation inducing the glioma cells]. |
PubMed: | Fc-receptor-mediated targeting of antibody-bearing liposomes containing dideoxycytidine triphosphate to human monocyte/macrophages. |
PubMed: | In vitro and in vivo activity of 1-aryl-3-(2-chloroethyl) urea derivatives as new antineoplastic agents. |
PubMed: | Haloketone transition state analog inhibitors of cholesterol esterase. |
PubMed: | 1-Aryl-3-(2-chloroethyl) ureas: synthesis and in vitro assay as potential anticancer agents. |
PubMed: | Further studies on the antineoplastic activity of homo-aza-steroidal esters. |
PubMed: | Identity of purified monoacylglycerol lipase, palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase and aspirin-metabolizing carboxylesterase from rat liver microsomal fractions. A comparative study with enzymes purified in different laboratories. |
PubMed: | New compounds: antitumor activity of 3beta-hydroxy-13alpha-amino-13,17-seco-5alpha-androstan-17-oic-13,17-lactam 4-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyrate. |
PubMed: | Carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1). A comparison of some kinetic properties of horse, sheep, chicken, pig, and ox liver carboxylesterases. |
PubMed: | Sterility in the Mexican Fruit Fly Caused by Chemicals. |
PubMed: | Palmitate induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in mature adipocytes: Implications for apoptosis and inflammation. |
PubMed: | ER stress induced by the OCH1 mutation triggers changes in lipid homeostasis in Kluyveromyces lactis. |
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