Articles:
4-aminobutyric acid
Notes:
the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. gamma-Aminobutyric acid is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays a role in regulating neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In humans, GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone. [Wikipedia]
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BOC Sciences Best of Chemicals Supplier Quality supplier of research chemicals and biochemicals including inhibitors, building blocks, GMP Products, impurities and metabolites, APIs for Veterinary, Natural Compounds, ADCs, Stem Cell Molecule and chiral compounds. BOC Sciences provides a wide range of services to support the pharmaceutical industry through all stages of drug discovery including Custom Synthesis of those chemicals that are not in stock, Isotope Labeling Service, Chiral Synthesis and Resolution, Bioconjugation, PEGylation services, analytical services. BOC Sciences is a brand of BOCSCI Inc. We leverage our wide spectrum of business in the fields of development, manufacturing, marketing, and distribution to help you make best-informed decisions tailored to your evolving needs for premium chemicals. Our complete suite of CRO services spans the entire molecule development pipeline including contract research for target identification, building blocks, compound synthesis, biochemical and cellular analysis, preclinical animal tests, and clinical studies. Email: Marketing US Email: Marketing Email: Sales US Email: Sales Voice: 1-631-485-4226 Fax: 1-631-614-7828 US Voice: 1-631-485-4226 US Fax: 1-631-614-7828 Europe 44-203-286-1088 Facebook Twitter Linkedin Blog Get the App! Product(s): 56-12-2 Vigabatrin EP Impurity D Vigabatrin EP Impurity D (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian central nervous system. It shows an effect of reducing neuronal excitability and regulating muscle tone.
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Charkit Chemical Corporation The Specialty Chemical Specialists Explore this website to discover the products and services that Charkit provides for your industry and please contact us directly to find out how we can be of service to you. about: Since 1982, Charkit has been committed to expanding the markets we serve as our roster of products and services continues to grow with us. Our substantial portfolio of personal care ingredients now include a wide array of luxury and exotic components to compliment the key products we have always offered. We have expanded our offerings to the nutraceutical, industrial, and resin markets with a growing roster of versatile and unique ingredients. We continue to lead the way in our traditional markets such as Metal and Water Treatment, Imaging, Flavor & Fragrance, Aroma and Food. Our Pharmaceutical offerings continue to expand, still anchored by the Boronic Derivatives that meet the demands of Suzuki coupling reactions. Please contact us to learn how we can help you reach your goals. Email: Sales Voice: 203-299-3220 Fax: 203-299-1355 Facebook Twitter Linkedin Latest News Events Blog Products List: View Product(s): AMINOBUTYRIC ACID, GAMMA-
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Glentham Life Sciences Ltd The Chemical, Biochemical & Research Essentials Supplier Glentham Life Sciences is a supplier of fine chemicals and raw materials with warehousing, laboratories and packaging facilities in the UK. With a Glentham Life Sciences account you can view more product details, request quotes and order products online. Email: Info Email: Sales Email: Tech Support Voice: +44 (0) 1225 667798 Fax: +44 (0) 2033 978909 Facebook Twitter Linkedin Google+ News Distribution Products List: View Product(s): GK0362 4-Aminobutyric Acid
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Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd Independent Ingredients Supplier We provide custom synthesis and contract manufacturing from milligrams to metric tonnes. Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd is a professional company, main engaged in manufacturing and exporting aroma chemicals ,food additives , cosmetic ingredient ,pharmaceutical intermediates & other fine chemicals; especially on aroma chemicals , as the major manufacturer of heterocyclic and sulphur aroma compounds , we are the leading independent ingredients supplier to the flavour and fragrance industries in China, can offer hundreds of different high quality aroma chemicals. Email: Info Email: Sales Voice: 86-510-86023169 Fax: 86-510-86023170 Mobile 0086-13093133011 Services Biochemical Natural Food Colour New functional food ingredients Product(s): HL0119886 gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Natural 119886 gamma-Aminobutyric Acid HLCFD -112 G-aminobutyric Acid(gaba)
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Penta International Corporation Chemistry innovation At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better. For over 30 years, Penta Manufacturing Company has played a growing role in worldwide chemistry innovations and applications. As an industry leader, Penta continues to pioneer chemistry-based solutions for practically every area of commerce. Our products and expertise have helped fuel technical advances in dozens of commercial applications including flavoring, coloring, fragrances and chemical processes. US Email: Technical Services US Email: Sales US Voice: (973) 740-2300 US Fax: (973) 740-1839 Product(s): 01-24350 4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID
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TCI AMERICA Moving Your Chemistry Forward We continuously strive to advance our technology. With East & West Coast distribution centers, count on TCI to deliver products quickly and reliably. Over 30,000 Reagents available today in benchtop to bulk quantities. We also offer custom synthesis solutions. Sign up for a TCI account today for fast and free shipping! Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (TCI) is a leading worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals founded in 1946. TCI provides organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic and functional materials. More than 70 years of synthesis experience and multi-purpose plants enable TCI to offer more than 30,000 products as well as custom synthesis. US Email: Sales Email: Technical Support Voice: 1-800-423-8616 Fax: 1- 888-520-1075 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Product(s): A0282 4-Aminobutyric Acid >99.0%(T)
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| CAS Number: | 56-12-2 |  3D/inchi
|
| Other(deleted CASRN): | 3131-86-0 | |
| ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: | 200-258-6 | |
| FDA UNII: | 2ACZ6IPC6I | |
| Nikkaji Web: | J1.375G | |
| Beilstein Number: | 0906818 | |
| MDL: | MFCD00008226 | |
| XlogP3: | -3.20 (est) | |
| Molecular Weight: | 103.12113000 | |
| Formula: | C4 H9 N O2 | |
| BioActivity Summary: | listing | |
| NMR Predictor: | Predict (works with chrome or firefox) | |
| EFSA/JECFA Comments: | (Flavour Industry, 2006a). | |
Category: cosmetic and flavor agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
| Google Scholar: | Search |
| Google Books: | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "volatile" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "flavor" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "odor" | Search |
| Perfumer and Flavorist: | Search |
| Google Patents: | Search |
| US Patents: | Search |
| EU Patents: | Search |
| Pubchem Patents: | Search |
| PubMed: | Search |
| NCBI: | Search |
| FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, Notices: | |
| GRN 257 | gamma-Amino butyric acid View - notice PDF |
| GRN 595 | gamma-aminobutyric acid View - notice PDF |
| JECFA Food Flavoring: | 1771 4-aminobutyric acid |
| DG SANTE Food Flavourings: | 17.035 4-aminobutyric acid |
| FEMA Number: | 4288 4-aminobutyric acid |
| FDA: | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm (SATF): | 56-12-2 ; 4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID |
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | white crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay: | 100.00 to 100.00 % |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 200.00 to 201.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point: | 248.00 to 249.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure: | 0.008000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 218.00 °F. TCC ( 103.33 °C. ) |
| logP (o/w): | -3.170 |
| Shelf Life: | 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Soluble in: | |
| water, 1.30E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | |
| Insoluble in: | |
| alcohol | |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: meaty | |
| savory meaty | |
| Odor Description: at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. | savory meaty |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). | |
Cosmetic Information:
| CosIng: | cosmetic data |
| Cosmetic Uses: |
hair conditioning |
Suppliers:
| AIDP |
| GABA gamma amino butyric acid 99% min. |
| Atlantic Chemicals |
| Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid |
| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Vigabatrin EP Impurity D
Odor: characteristic Use: Vigabatrin EP Impurity D (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian central nervous system. It shows an effect of reducing neuronal excitability and regulating muscle tone. |
| Charkit Chemical |
| AMINOBUTYRIC ACID, GAMMA- |
| Connect Chemicals |
| Gamma-Amino Butyrric Acid (GABA) |
| George Uhe Company |
| g-Aminobutyric Acid |
| Glentham Life Sciences |
| 4-Aminobutyric Acid |
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| G-aminobutyric Acid(gaba) |
| New functional food ingredients |
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Natural |
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| gamma-Aminobutyric Acid |
| Maypro Industries |
| gamma-Amino Butyric Acid |
| Penta International |
| 4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID |
| Prinova |
| G-Aminobutyric Acid |
| Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| gamma-Aminobutyric acid ≥99% |
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 4-Aminobutyric Acid >99.0%(T) |
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi - Irritant | |
|
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
|
oral-mouse LD50 12680 mg/kg Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 85, Pg. 463, 1965. intravenous-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg United States Patent Document. Vol. #3380887 intraperitoneal-rat LD50 5400 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965. intravenous-rabbit LDLo 2400 mg/kg Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965. intravenous-mouse LD50 2748 mg/kg Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 145, Pg. 233, 1963. intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 4950 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965. intravenous-cat LD50 5000 mg/kg Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 47, Pg. 205, 1984. unreported-mouse LD50 7230 mg/kg Bitamin. Vol. 25, Pg. 297, 1962. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
|
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 9210 mg/kg Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 85, Pg. 463, 1965. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | cosmetic and flavor agents | ||
| Recommendation for gamma-aminobutyric acid usage levels up to: | |||
| not for fragrance use. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.10 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 18000 (μg/person/day) | ||
| Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) | ||
| Structure Class: | I | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 23 | |||
| Click here to view publication 23 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | 50.00000 | 300.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 20.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 30.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| breakfast cereal: | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | 100.00000 | 500.00000 | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | - | |
| fruit ices: | 20.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | 20.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | 40.00000 | 300.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | 20.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | 20.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| milk products: | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | 10.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| soft candy: | 20.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| soups: | 30.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
| Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). | |||
| Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. | |||
| average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg | ||
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 20.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| Processed fruit (04.1): | - | - | |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - | |
| Confectionery (05.0): | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| Chewing gum (05.0): | - | - | |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| Bakery wares (07.0): | 50.00000 | 300.00000 | |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 20.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | - | - | |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - | |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - | |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | - | - | |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 30.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 30.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 40.00000 | 300.00000 | |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 20.00000 | 100.00000 | |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 30.00000 | 100.00000 | |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): | |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 94: Consideration of aliphatic amines and amides evaluated in addendum to the JECFA group aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides by JECFA View page or View pdf | |
| (FGE.94Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic amines and amides evaluated in an addendum to the group of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by the JECFA (68th meeting) View page or View pdf | |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 94, Revision 2 (FGE.94Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic amines and amides evaluated in an addendum to the group of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by the JECFA (68th meeting) View page or View pdf | |
| EPI System: | View |
| ClinicalTrials.gov: | search |
| Daily Med: | search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 56-12-2 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 119 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| 4-aminobutanoic acid | |
| Chemidplus: | 0000056122 |
| RTECS: | ES6300000 for cas# 56-12-2 |
References:
| 4-aminobutanoic acid | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 56-12-2 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 119 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134972453 |
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| Golm Metabolome Database: | Search |
| Metabolomics Database: | Search |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C00334 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB00112 |
| FooDB: | FDB008937 |
| YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database): | YMDB00335 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2922.49.4950 |
| FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: | View |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
| additives | ||
| hair conditioning |
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
| apple custard apple fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| banana fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| bean black bean seed Search Trop Picture | |
| bean field bean seed Search Trop Picture | |
| beet root Search Trop Picture | |
| burdock root Search Trop Picture | |
| chayote fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| cherry sour cherry fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| coconut seed Search Trop Picture | |
| date palm fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| eggplant fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| fenugreek plant Search Trop Picture | |
| ginger root Search Trop Picture | |
| ginkgo biloba seed Search Trop Picture | |
| grape fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| mandarin fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| mango fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| melon bitter melon fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| melon bitter melon seed Search Trop Picture | |
| mushroom shiitake mushroom fruit Search PMC Picture | |
| orange fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| pea shoot Search Trop Picture | |
| peanut plant Search Trop Picture | |
| pepper black pepper fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| pepper black pepper seed Search Trop Picture | |
| pineapple fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| potato plant Search Trop Picture | |
| soursop plant Search Trop Picture | |
| tarragon leaf Search Trop Picture | |
| tarragon root Search Trop Picture | |
| tarragon shoot Search Trop Picture | |
| tomato fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| zingiber officinale root oil china @ 0.06% Data GC Search Trop Picture |
Synonyms:
| 4- | amino butyric acid |
| gamma- | amino butyric acid |
| gamma- | amino butyric acid natural |
| 4- | amino-butanoic acid |
| 4- | amino-butyric acid |
| g- | amino-N-butyric acid |
| gamma- | amino-N-butyric acid |
| 4- | aminobutanoic acid |
| gamma- | aminobutanoic acid |
| 4- | aminobutyric acid |
| g- | aminobutyric acid |
| gamma- | aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
| butanoic acid, 4-amino- | |
| 3- | carboxypropylamine |
| GABA | |
| GABA gamma amino butyric acid | |
| gaballon | |
| gamarex | |
| piperidic acid | |
| piperidinic acid |