Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: sulfurous |
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| sulfurous fatty roasted meaty vegetable |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | sulfurous fatty roasted meaty vegetable |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xn - Harmful. |
R 11 - Highly flammable. R 20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 23 - Do not breath vapour. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Dermal Toxicity: |
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 > 100 mg/kg Nature. Vol. 174, Pg. 737, 1954.
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
inhalation-rat TCLo 2000 ppm/4H Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 31, Pg. 343, 1949.
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavoring agents |
Recommendation for amyl mercaptan usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
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Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 78 (μg/person/day) |
NOEL (No Observed Effect Level): | 0.56 (mg/kg bw per day) |
Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) |
Structure Class: | I |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 23 |
Click here to view publication 23 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | 0.06000 | 0.50000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | 0.01000 | 0.05000 |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
frozen dairy: | - | - |
fruit ices: | - | - |
gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | 0.05000 | 0.50000 |
hard candy: | - | - |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
milk products: | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
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Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Processed fruit (04.1): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
Confectionery (05.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Chewing gum (05.0): | - | - |
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
Bakery wares (07.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 0.10000 | 0.20000 |
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 0.10000 | 0.20000 |
Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 0.10000 | 0.30000 |
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 8 (FGE.08)[1]: Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical group 20 View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 74 (FGE.74)[1]: Consideration of Simple Aliphatic Sulphides and Thiols evaluated by JECFA (61st meeting) Structurally related to Aliphatic and Alicyclic Mono-, Di-, Tri-, and Polysulphides with or without Additional Oxygenated Functional Groups from Chemical Group 20 evaluated by EFSA in FGE.08 (2008) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 1 (FGE.08Rev1): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 91 (FGE.91): Consideration of simple aliphatic and aromatic sulphides and thiols evaluated by JECFA (53rd and 68th meetings) structurally related to aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups evaluated by EFSA in FGE.08Rev1 (2009) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 08 Rev2 (FGE.08 Rev2): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 3 (FGE.08Rev3): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 08, Revision 4 (FGE.08Rev4): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 08, Revision 5 (FGE.08Rev5): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards: | search |
NIOSH Pocket Guide: | search |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 110-66-7 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 8067 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WISER: | UN 1111 |
WGK Germany: | 3 |
| pentane-1-thiol |
Chemidplus: | 0000110667 |
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: | hazardous materials |
RTECS: | 110-66-7 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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For Odor |
alliaceous |
| dimethyl trisulfide | FL/FR |
| dipropyl disulfide | FL/FR |
| ferula assa-foetida gum oil | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| propyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| rum ether | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
citrus |
| grapefruit mercaptan | FL/FR |
coffee |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
ethereal |
2- | methyl-1-butanol | FL/FR |
fermented |
| ethyl crotonate | FL/FR |
fruity |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
| tropical trithiane | FL/FR |
green |
2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| meaty dithiane | FL/FR |
4- | methyl nonanoic acid | FL/FR |
| sulfurol | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
moldy |
| strawberry furanone methyl ether | FL/FR |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
phenolic |
2,3- | dimethyl benzofuran | FL/FR |
ortho- | guaiacol | FL/FR |
4- | vinyl phenol | FL/FR |
| pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| dimethyl disulfide | FL/FR |
| dimethyl sulfide | FL/FR |
| ethyl 2-mercaptopropionate | FL/FR |
| ethyl 3-mercaptopropionate | FL/FR |
| ferula assa-foetida absolute | FL/FR |
| fish thiol | FL/FR |
2- | mercaptopropionic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl 3-(methyl thio) propionate | FL/FR |
4- | methyl 4-mercaptopentan-2-one 1% solution | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
3-( | methyl thio) hexanol | FL/FR |
2-( | methyl thio) phenol | FL/FR |
| onion oil | FL/FR |
1- | phenethyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
tobacco |
| methyl benzoxole | FL/FR |
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For Flavor |
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No flavor group found for these |
4- | acetyl-2-methyl pyrimidine | FL |
| allyl methyl disulfide | FL |
| allyl methyl trisulfide | FL |
| allyl propyl disulfide | FL |
| allyl propyl sulfide | FL |
| allyl propyl trisulfide | FL |
gamma- | aminobutyric acid | FL |
iso | amyl mercaptan | FL |
1,2- | butane dithiol | FL |
2-(2- | butyl)-4,5-dimethyl-3-thiazoline | FL |
| cyclopropyl (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienamide | FL |
2,5- | diethyl thiazole | FL |
| diethyl trisulfide | FL |
| dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5(4H)-dithiazine | FL |
| dimethyl tetrasulfide | FL |
2,6- | dimethyl-3-((2-methyl-3-furyl)thio)-4-heptanone | FL |
bis(2,5- | dimethyl-3-furyl) disulfide | FL |
(Z+E)-2,5- | dimethyl-3-tetrahydrofuran thiol | FL |
(Z+E)-2,5- | dimethyl-3-thioacetoxytetrahydrofuran | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
| dipropyl sulfide | FL |
| ethyl (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienamide | FL |
S- | ethyl 2-acetyl aminoethane thioate | FL |
| ethyl 3-mercaptopropionate | FL/FR |
| ethyl 4-(acetyl thio) butyrate | FL |
| ethyl methyl trisulfide | FL |
| ethyl propyl disulfide | FL |
| ethyl propyl trisulfide | FL |
2- | ethyl-3-methyl thiopyrazine | FL |
(Z+E)-5- | ethyl-4-methyl-2-(2-butyl) thiazoline | FL |
(Z+E)-5- | ethyl-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl propyl) thiazoline | FL |
| heptyl mercaptan | FL |
2- | hexyl thiophene | FL |
1-(3- | hydroxy-5-methyl-2-thienyl) ethanone | FL |
3- | mercapto-3-methyl butyl formate | FL |
4- | mercapto-3-methyl-2-butanol | FL |
4- | methyl 4-mercaptopentan-2-one 1% solution | FL/FR |
| methyl dihydrofuran thiol | FL |
2- | methyl thiazolidine | FL |
2-( | methyl thio) ethanol | FL |
2-( | methyl thio) methyl-2-butenal | FL |
2- | methyl-1-butane thiol | FL |
4- | methyl-2-(methyl thiomethyl)-2-hexenal | FL |
2- | methyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-furyl tetrasulfide | FL |
3-((2- | methyl-3-furyl)thio)-4-heptanone | FL |
4-((2- | methyl-3-furyl)thio)-5-nonanone | FL |
1,9- | nonane dithiol | FL |
| peanut dithiazine | FL |
1- | phenethyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
1,3- | propane dithiol | FL |
| propenyl propyl disulfide | FL |
| propyl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
iso | propyl disulfide | FL |
2- | propyl pyridine | FL |
2-iso | propyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL |
| thiazole | FL |
3- | thienyl mercaptan | FL |
| thioacetic acid | FL |
2,3,5- | trithiahexane | FL |
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3,5- | diisopropyl-1,2,4-trithiolane | FL |
N-(2-(3,4- | dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid amide | FL |
3,5- | dimethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane | FL |
3,7- | dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl cyclopropyl carboxamide | FL |
2,4- | dimethyl-3-oxazoline | FL |
4- | mercapto-2-pentanone 1% in acetoin | FL |
(±)-3-( | methyl thio) heptanal | FL |
2- | methyl-1-methyl thio-2-butene | FL |
| pyrrolidino-(1,2E)-4H-2,4-dimethyl-1,3,5-dithiazine | FL |
1-(2- | thienyl) butanone | FL |
alliaceous |
| allyl disulfide | FL |
| allyl mercaptan | FL |
| allyl thiopropionate | FL |
| benzyl mercaptan | FL |
1,3- | butane dithiol | FL |
| cyclopentyl mercaptan | FL |
| dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| diethyl disulfide | FL |
| dimethyl trisulfide | FL/FR |
| dipropyl disulfide | FL/FR |
| dipropyl trisulfide | FL |
| ferula assa-foetida gum oil | FL/FR |
3- | mercapto-2-methyl pentanol | FL |
3- | mercapto-2-pentanone | FL |
| methyl 3-mercaptobutanoate | FL |
2- | methyl thioacetaldehyde | FL |
| propyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
burnt |
| bacon dithiazine | FL |
1,6- | hexane dithiol | FL |
| rum ether | FL/FR |
cabbage |
| methyl 2-thiofuroate | FL |
chemical |
2,3- | dimethyl benzofuran | FL/FR |
2,5- | dimethyl furan | FL |
citrus |
| grapefruit mercaptan | FL/FR |
cocoa |
| butyraldehyde | FL |
coffee |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
corn chip |
2- | acetyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
earthy |
| difurfuryl sulfide | FL |
1,8- | octane dithiol | FL |
eggy |
iso | propyl mercaptan | FL |
ethereal |
2- | methyl-1-butanol | FL/FR |
fatty |
(E,E)-2,4- | decadienal | FL |
2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
4- | methyl nonanoic acid | FL/FR |
2- | pentyl thiophene | FL |
fruity |
2- | ethyl-2,5-dihydro-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
| tropical trithiane | FL/FR |
garlic |
| allyl methyl sulfide | FL |
| garlic oleoresin | FL |
green |
4- | methyl thiazole | FL |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
4- | penten-1-yl acetate | FL |
herbal |
| massoia bark oil | FL |
meaty |
4- | allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl thiophenol | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl-3-furan thiol | FL |
1,1- | ethane dithiol 1% in ethanol 94.5% / ethyl acetate 4% | FL |
| furfuryl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
4- | furfuryl thio-2-pentanone | FL |
| meaty dithiane | FL/FR |
3- | mercapto-2-butanone | FL |
(R,S)-2- | mercapto-3-butanol | FL |
2- | mercaptomethyl pyrazine | FL |
2- | mercaptopropionic acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
2-( | methyl thio) phenol | FL/FR |
| methyl thiofuryl butanal | FL |
12- | methyl tridecanal | FL |
bis(2- | methyl-3-furyl) disulfide | FL |
S-(2- | methyl-3-furyl) ethane thioate | FL |
2- | methyl-3-tetrahydrofuran thiol | FL |
2- | methyl-3-thioacetoxytetrahydrofuran | FL |
| phenyl mercaptan | FL |
| propyl 2-mercaptopropionate | FL |
| pyrazinyl ethane thiol | FL |
2- | pyridinyl methane thiol | FL |
| sulfurol | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| thialdine | FL |
ortho- | thiocresol | FL |
ortho- | thioguaiacol | FL |
metallic |
2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
3-( | methyl thio) hexanol | FL/FR |
moldy |
| strawberry furanone methyl ether | FL/FR |
musty |
2- | ethoxythiazole | FL |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
nutty |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl thiophene | FL |
2- | acetyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
| arachis hypogaea fruit extract | FL |
3,5- | diethyl-2-methyl pyrazine | FL |
2,5- | diethyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| methyl benzoxole | FL/FR |
2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty thiazole | FL |
onion |
| ethyl 2-mercaptopropionate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl isopropyl sulfide | FL |
| methionol | FL |
| methyl propyl disulfide | FL |
| methyl propyl trisulfide | FL |
| propyl thioacetate | FL |
phenolic |
2- | ethyl benzene thiol | FL |
4- | vinyl phenol | FL/FR |
popcorn |
2- | propionyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
radish |
3-( | methyl thio) propyl mercaptoacetate | FL |
roasted |
| ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate | FL |
| hexyl mercaptan | FL |
rummy |
| ethyl crotonate | FL/FR |
savory |
N-(2,4- | dimethoxybenzyl)-N2-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl) oxalamide | FL |
N-( | heptan-4-yl)benzo(D)(1,3)dioxole-5-carboxamide | FL |
N1-(2- | methoxy-4-methyl benzyl)-N2-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl) oxalamide | FL |
N1-(2- | methoxy-4-methyl benzyl)-N2-2(2-(5-methyl pyridin-2-yl)ethyl) oxalamide | FL |
seafood |
1,4- | dithiane | FL |
smoky |
| prosopis juliflora wood extract | FL |
| pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
sulfurous |
| allyl sulfide | FL |
2,3- | butane dithiol | FL |
| butyl mercaptan | FL |
| diallyl polysulfides | FL |
| diallyl tetrasulfide | FL |
| diallyl trisulfide | FL |
| dimethyl disulfide | FL/FR |
| dimethyl sulfide | FL/FR |
| ethyl methyl sulfide | FL |
S- | ethyl thioacetate | FL |
| ferula assa-foetida absolute | FL/FR |
| fish thiol | FL/FR |
| furfuryl methyl sulfide | FL |
| furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
3- | mercapto-2-methyl pentanal | FL |
| methyl 2-(methyl thio) butyrate | FL |
| methyl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
| methyl thiomethyl butyrate | FL |
3- | methyl-2-butane thiol | FL |
2- | naphthyl mercaptan | FL |
| onion oil | FL/FR |
| onion oleoresin | FL |
| roasted butanol | FL |
2,4,6- | trithiaheptane 10% in triacetin | FL |
vegetable |
| methyl 3-(methyl thio) propionate | FL/FR |
| tyramine | FL |
wasabi |
2-( | methyl thio) ethyl acetate | FL |
woody |
ortho- | guaiacol | FL/FR |
yeasty |
| faex extracts | FL |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| amyl hydrosulfide | N- | amyl mercaptan | | amyl sulfhydrate | | amyl thioalcohol | N- | amylthiol | | mercaptan C5 | 1- | pentane thiol | | pentane-1-thiol | 1- | pentanethiol | 1- | pentanethiol 10% in triacetine | | pentyl mercaptan | N- | pentyl mercaptan | | pentylmercaptan | N- | pentylmercaptan | | thioamyl alcohol | N- | thioamyl alcohol |
Articles:
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