beta-santalene
bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2-methyl-3-methylene-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (1S-endo)-
 
Notes:
Constit. from oil of the famine food Santalum album (sandalwood). Flavouring ingredient
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CAS Number: 511-59-1Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 208-130-1
XlogP3-AA: 5.30 (est)
Molecular Weight: 204.35628000
Formula: C15 H24
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome or firefox)
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
 
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 259.00 to  260.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.020000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 213.00 °F. TCC ( 100.56 °C. )
logP (o/w): 6.145 (est)
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 0.02557 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
 water
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Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Description:
woody
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
CosIng: cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: perfuming agents
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
 
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 511-59-1
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 10534
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
 6-methyl-5-methylidene-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane
Chemidplus: 0000511591
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References:
Leffingwell: Chirality or Article
 6-methyl-5-methylidene-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 511-59-1
Pubchem (cid): 10534
Pubchem (sid): 134977977
Pherobase: View
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Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
KEGG (GenomeNet): C09718
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): Search
FooDB: FDB015240
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider: View
Wikipedia: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
For Odor
No odor group found for these
(+)-aromadendrene 
 chamaecyparis obtusa wood oilFR
beta-santalolFL/FR
alcoholic
 fusel oilFL/FR
amber
 amber butanolFR
 cistus twig/leaf concreteFR
 labdanum oilFL/FR
balsamic
siam benzoin resinoidFL/FR
 betula pubescens bud oilFL/FR
isobornyl propionateFL/FR
 fir balsam absoluteFR
 guaiyl acetateFL/FR
 sclareolFL/FR
 tolu balsam resinoidFL/FR
citrus
(E+Z)-4,8-dimethyl-3,7-nonadien-2-yl acetateFL/FR
(+)-nootkatoneFL/FR
bitter orange peel oilFL/FR
floral
 genet concreteFR
alpha-ironeFL/FR
alpha-isomethyl ionone (70% min.)FL/FR
 mimosa concrete franceFL/FR
beta-ocimeneFL/FR
 orris rhizome concrete butter (iris pallida)FL/FR
fruity
 dihydroactinidolideFL/FR
 linalool oxide acetatesFL/FR
green
1-heptanolFL/FR
(Z)-5-octen-1-yl propionateFL/FR
 terpinyl propionateFL/FR
herbal
 bornyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
 herbal undecanoneFR
 hyssop oilFL/FR
spike lavender absoluteFL/FR
beta-sesquiphellandrene 
 rosemary absoluteFL/FR
common tansy flower oil dutchFR
 thyme oil wild or creepingFL/FR
gamma-valerolactoneFL/FR
mentholic
isopulegyl acetateFL/FR
musk
 dehydro beta-linaloolFL/FR
phenolic
ortho-guaiacolFL/FR
powdery
alpha-methyl iononeFL/FR
spicy
 artemisia dracunculus herb oilFL/FR
isobutyl angelateFL/FR
 clove bud absoluteFL/FR
isocyclogeraniol (IFF)FR
 elettaria cardamomum seed oilFL/FR
isoeugenolFL/FR
 ginger root oil brazilFL/FR
terpenic
 frankincense oilFL/FR
 juniper branch oilFR
 pine needle oil dwarfFL/FR
waxy
isoamyl laurateFL/FR
woody
 amber formateFR
 cabreuva wood oilFR
 campheneFL/FR
 caryophyllene alcohol acetateFR
 cedanolFR
 cedarwood oil chinaFR
alpha-cedreneFL/FR
 cedryl methyl etherFR
3',4'-dimethoxyacetophenone 
 longifoleneFL/FR
 marine formateFR
 methyl cedryl ketoneFL/FR
 methyl sandalFR
gamma-muurolene 
 myrtenyl isobutyrate 
 patchouli hexanolFR
 polylimoneneFL/FR
 sandal butenolFR
 sandalromeFR
 spruce needle oil canadaFL/FR
 vetiverolFL/FR
 woody dodecaneFR
 woody propanolFR
 
For Flavor
 
No flavor group found for these
(+)-aromadendrene 
 betula pubescens bud oilFL/FR
 bornyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
alpha-cedreneFL/FR
 dehydro beta-linaloolFL/FR
 dihydroactinidolideFL/FR
(E+Z)-4,8-dimethyl-3,7-nonadien-2-yl acetateFL/FR
 guaiyl acetateFL/FR
 linalool oxide acetatesFL/FR
gamma-muurolene 
 myrtenyl isobutyrate 
beta-sesquiphellandrene 
 polylimoneneFL/FR
beta-santalolFL/FR
amber
 labdanum oilFL/FR
balsamic
siam benzoin resinoidFL/FR
isobornyl propionateFL/FR
 tolu balsam resinoidFL/FR
camphoreous
 campheneFL/FR
citrus
(+)-nootkatoneFL/FR
bitter orange peel oilFL/FR
fatty
isoamyl laurateFL/FR
floral
alpha-isomethyl ionone (70% min.)FL/FR
 mimosa concrete franceFL/FR
 orris rhizome concrete butter (iris pallida)FL/FR
fruity
 fusel oilFL/FR
alpha-methyl iononeFL/FR
green
isobutyl angelateFL/FR
beta-ocimeneFL/FR
(Z)-5-octen-1-yl propionateFL/FR
 terpinyl propionateFL/FR
herbal
 hyssop oilFL/FR
spike lavender absoluteFL/FR
 rosemary absoluteFL/FR
 thyme oil wild or creepingFL/FR
orris
 costus root oilFL
pine
 pine needle oil dwarfFL/FR
solvent
1-heptanolFL/FR
spicy
 artemisia dracunculus herb oilFL/FR
 clove bud absoluteFL/FR
 elettaria cardamomum seed oilFL/FR
isoeugenolFL/FR
 ginger root oil brazilFL/FR
white pepper oleoresinFL
 turmeric oleoresinFL
tonka
gamma-valerolactoneFL/FR
woody
3',4'-dimethoxyacetophenone 
 frankincense oilFL/FR
ortho-guaiacolFL/FR
alpha-ironeFL/FR
 longifoleneFL/FR
 methyl cedryl ketoneFL/FR
isopulegyl acetateFL/FR
 sclareolFL/FR
 spruce needle oil canadaFL/FR
 vetiverolFL/FR
 
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Potential Uses:
 acaciaFR
 amberFR
 ambergrisFR
 ambreineFR
 amyrisFR
 angelicaFL/FR
 ash mountain ashFR
 barkFR
 bayberryFR
 beechFL/FR
 benzoin absolute replacerFL/FR
 bergamotFR
 birch tarFL/FR
 bois de roseFR
 boroniaFR
 boxwoodFR
 buchu leafFL
 cabreuva woodFR
 cade oil replacerFR
 calamus oil replacerFR
 cardamom oil replacerFR
 cedarFR
 cedar forestFR
 cedarwoodFR
 cedarwood atlasFR
 celeryFR
 cigarFR
 cistusFL/FR
 citronellaFR
 clary sage oil replacerFR
 costusFR
 croton eluteria barkFL/FR
 cypress oil replacerFR
 dogwoodFR
 elemiFR
 fernFR
 fir needle oil replacerFR
 forestFR
 frankincenseFR
 galangal rootFL/FR
 galbanumFR
 gingerFR
 gingergrassFR
 guaiacwoodFL/FR
 gurjun balsamFR
 hay new mown hayFR
 heatherFR
 hinoki oil replacerFR
 hyssopFL/FR
 iris blossomFR
 juniperFR
 juniper berryFR
 labdanumFR
 maceFR
 majaFR
 mimosaFR
 oakwoodFR
 opoponaxFR
 orange bitter orange peelFL/FR
 oreganoFR
 orrisFR
 osmanthusFR
 patchouliFR
 pine forestFR
 pine needleFL/FR
 pine scotch pineFL/FR
 pinionFR
 redwoodFR
 sandalwoodFR
 spikenard oil replacerFR
 spruceFR
 sweet grassFR
 tansy oil replacerFL/FR
 tarragon oil replacerFL/FR
 tea black teaFL
 timber 
 tolu balsamFR
 valerianFL/FR
 vetiverFR
 woodyFR
 wormseed oil replacerFR
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 basil oil
Search Trop  Picture
 carrot seed oil @ 0.67%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 galangal root oil @ 0.48%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 lavandin oil abrialis @ trace%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 lemon oil california @ 0.01%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 lime oil distilled mexico @ 0.04%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 lime oil distilled peru @ 0.04%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 lime oil expressed florida @ trace%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 sandalwood oil east indian @ 1.40%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 sugandha kokila berry oil @ 0.80%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 witch hazel leaf oil @ 0.03%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
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Synonyms:
 bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2-methyl-3-methylene-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (1S-endo)-
(1S-exo)-2-methyl-3-methylene-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl) bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane
(1S,2R,4R)-2-methyl-3-methylene-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl) bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane
(1S-exo)-2-methyl-3-methylene-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane
6-methyl-5-methylidene-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane
beta-santala-3(15),10-diene
(-)-beta-santalene
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Articles:
PubMed: Biosynthesis of Sandalwood Oil: Santalum album CYP76F cytochromes P450 produce santalols and bergamotol.
PubMed: Molecular regulation of santalol biosynthesis in Santalum album L.
PubMed: Revisiting sesquiterpene biosynthetic pathways leading to santalene and its analogues: a comprehensive mechanistic study.
PubMed: Preparative separation of α- and β-santalenes and (Z)-α- and (Z)-β-santalols using silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel medium pressure liquid chromatography and analysis of sandalwood oil.
PubMed: Sesquiterpenes from the inner bark of the silver birch and the paper birch.
PubMed: Sandalwood fragrance biosynthesis involves sesquiterpene synthases of both the terpene synthase (TPS)-a and TPS-b subfamilies, including santalene synthases.
PubMed: Antioxidant, alpha-amylase inhibitory and brine-shrimp toxicity studies on Centaurea centaurium L. methanolic root extract.
PubMed: Composition and some biological activities of the essential oils from an African pasture grass: Elionurus elegans Kunth.
PubMed: Genetic control and evolution of sesquiterpene biosynthesis in Lycopersicon esculentum and L. hirsutum.
PubMed: Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from Conyza canadensis.
PubMed: Synthesis of campherenone, epicampherenone, beta-santalene, epi-beta-santalene, alpha-santalene, ylangocamphor, copacamphor, and sativene.
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