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zingiber officinale root oil china
Notes:
tsca definition 2008: extractives and their physically modified derivatives. zingiber officinale, zingiberaceae.
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Berje Inc. Where the world comes to its senses Where the world comes to its senses - Berjé is a global distributor of Essential Oils and Aromatic Chemicals. Berjé is a family-owned business that has been in operation for six decades. The company's origins and strength lie in a profound understanding of the supply and the quality of the diverse raw materials consumed by the flavor and fragrance industries. This base was expanded upon more than two decades ago to include fragrance production. The company's unparalleled raw material expertise is focused on the supply of essential oils and aromatic chemicals. This is supported by our long-standing relationships with a worldwide fabric of producers ensuring the greatest prospects for uninterrupted supply in markets that are often volatile and unpredictable. Email: For Information Email: For Sales Voice: 973-748-8980 Fax: 973-680-9618 Instagram Linkedin Flavor Ingredients Fragrance Ingredients Functional Ingredients Media Products List: View Product(s): Ginger Oil Chinese
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Charkit Chemical Corporation The Specialty Chemical Specialists Explore this website to discover the products and services that Charkit provides for your industry and please contact us directly to find out how we can be of service to you. about: Since 1982, Charkit has been committed to expanding the markets we serve as our roster of products and services continues to grow with us. Our substantial portfolio of personal care ingredients now include a wide array of luxury and exotic components to compliment the key products we have always offered. We have expanded our offerings to the nutraceutical, industrial, and resin markets with a growing roster of versatile and unique ingredients. We continue to lead the way in our traditional markets such as Metal and Water Treatment, Imaging, Flavor & Fragrance, Aroma and Food. Our Pharmaceutical offerings continue to expand, still anchored by the Boronic Derivatives that meet the demands of Suzuki coupling reactions. Please contact us to learn how we can help you reach your goals. Email: Sales Voice: 203-299-3220 Fax: 203-299-1355 Facebook Twitter Linkedin Latest News Events Blog Products List: View Product(s): GINGER OIL
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Elixens America, Inc. Sharing What Nature Inspires US affiliate supplying Conventional and Certified Organic Essential Oils since 1998; specializing in French Essential Oils. Elixens America, Inc. has been supplying bulk Essential Oils to the Flavor & Fragrance Industry since 1998. We are the US affiliate of ELIXENS SA (Paris, France) and are your direct contact for bulk Essential Oils in North America. Our specialties are Lavandin and Lavender Essential Oils originating from the Provence Region of France as we have long-term partnerships with growers and farmers from the area. Our catalogue of items range from about 150 to 200 different Essential Oils depending on availability and crop season. In addition to our group’s production we also import various Essential Oils directly from source from around the world. Email: Jean-Pascal Abdelli (France) US Email: Adam Roman Email: Barbara Keen (UK) Voice: 33 (0) 1 34 48 57 57 Fax: 33 (0) 1 34 64 94 27 US Voice: 1.732.388.3555 US Fax: 1.732.388.3565 Cell 1.201.674.3603 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Information and News Product(s): Ginger Essential Oil China 100% Pure and Natural
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Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd Independent Ingredients Supplier We provide custom synthesis and contract manufacturing from milligrams to metric tonnes. Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd is a professional company, main engaged in manufacturing and exporting aroma chemicals ,food additives , cosmetic ingredient ,pharmaceutical intermediates & other fine chemicals; especially on aroma chemicals , as the major manufacturer of heterocyclic and sulphur aroma compounds , we are the leading independent ingredients supplier to the flavour and fragrance industries in China, can offer hundreds of different high quality aroma chemicals. Email: Info Email: Sales Voice: 86-510-86023169 Fax: 86-510-86023170 Mobile 0086-13093133011 Services Biochemical Natural Food Colour New functional food ingredients Product(s): HLW-018 Ginger oil 60%
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Lluch Essence S.L. A family company dedicated to sales and distribution Flexibility, availability, price and quality. Flexibility, availability, price and quality make LLUCH ESSENCE S.L. one of Europe’s references when it comes to essential oils and aroma chemicals, and it is now well known all around the world. Email: Info Voice: 34 93 379 38 49 Fax: 34 93 370 65 04 Linkedin Product(s): GINGER CHINA OIL
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Odowell Co.,ltd Fulfilling Demand Product quality and consistency. Odowell is specialized in producing and distributing aroma chemicals for Flavors &Fragrances industry since 2012. Product ranges are ketones, esters,alcohols, aldehydes , ethers and lactones. We have the most comprehensive range of C3-C15 aliphatic ketones, aromatic ketones and high purity electronic chemicals, providing to many industries related to our daily life. Email: Info Email: Sales Voice: +86-21-56410859 Fax: 4006981163 ext.28633 Phone, Kunshan Odowell +86-512-55380008 Fax, Kunshan Odowell +86-512-55380009 Product(s): 20-694-002 Ginger oil
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Anhui Primechem Co., Ltd. Where Scent Matters Most Dependable supply and professional services to exceed our client's expectations. For over 2 decades, Primechem has proven to be a professional and outstanding supplier, offering a diverse range of superior quality products, services and solutions for use in Flavor & Fragrances industries worldwide. Email: Info Email: Sales Voice: +86-551-628 355 29 Fax: :+86-551-628 330 59 News and Events At a glance Products List: View Product(s): Ginger oil
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Robertet, Inc. HOME OF NATURE, SEED TO SCENT HOME OF NATURE – natural ingredients from the source. Robertet is a leader in the production of natural ingredients with facilities in France, Bulgaria, Turkey, South Africa, India, China, New Caledonia, ... Founded in 1850, Robertet remains a family owned business (5th Generation) and one of the largest producers of aromatic extracts. Brand acquisitions include: Charabot, Sapad, Hitex. US Email: Customer service US Email: Arnaud Adrian Email: Flavor: Email: Fragrance: Voice: 33 4 93 40 33 66 Fax: 33 4 93 70 68 09 US Voice: +1.201.337.7100 +1 212 710 4600 Robertet New York Creative Center +1 212 245 4092 Robertet New York Creative Center Facebook Twitter Instagram Videos Vimeo Seasons and Harvest / Crop calendar Product(s): 00020779 Ginger China oil 100% Pure & Natural, Kosher
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The Lebermuth Company Naturally Since 1908 Offering Essential Oils, Flavors, and Fragrances. about: We have spent over 100 years creating our legacy in Essential Oils, which are the building blocks of our Fragrances and Flavors. Lebermuth specializes in natural fragrance and flavor compounds utilizing our extensive palette, with vast experience across multiple industries with many exclusive brands. With more than 100 years of combined experience, each of our experts is a unique blend of technical knowledge and creative vision. We provide the distinctiveness,quality, and partnership you need to achieve your brand success. Email: Info Email: Sales US Voice: 1-800-648-1123 US Fax: 1-800-852-4722 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Youtube FAQs Request A Sample Insights and News Spring/Summer 2022 Fragrance Trends Product(s): 50-6135-01-01 Ginger Chinese Oil 50-6135-06-01 Ginger Organic Oil
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The Perfumery Bringing You Quality, Innovation, and Value... Naturally! Highest Quality Wholesale Essential Oils & Natural Isolates. www.ThePerfumery.com is an international bulk producer and wholesaler of essential oils, absolutes, waxes, CO2s and other aromatic extracts, as well as high end finished fragrances. Email: Info US Email: David Pappas Email: Orders US Email: Orders (US) Email: Specials Voice: 502-498-8804 Fax: 502-498-8804 US Voice: 502-498-8804 US Fax: 502-498-8804 Facebook News FAQ Products List: View Product(s): ZinOff1 Ginger oil, China Chinese Ginger oil has a warm, sweet, powerful aroma with citrus-like notes comparable to Orange and Lemon. Hints of Lemongrass and Coriander are also reported. Some natural constituents of Ginger oil include farnesene, cineol, borneol, geraniol, linalool, zingerone, and gingerol.
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R C Treatt and Co Ltd Innovative ingredient solutions World-leading innovative ingredient solutions provider for the flavour, fragrance and FMCG industries. We offer innovative and trend-setting product concepts for our customers, collaborating with them to create true value for their products. Email: Enquiries US Email: Enquiries Voice: +44 (0) 1284 702500 Fax: +44 (0) 1284 703809 US Voice: +1 863 668 9500 US Fax: +1 863 668 3388 Twitter Linkedin Youtube News Product(s): Ginger Oil Chinese
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Ultra International Limited Driven by a mutual passion for excellence. Ultra International is one of the leading company in the Flavors and Fragrance industry. Ultra International is one of the leading company in the Flavors and Fragrance industry with a vision to be the Essential Source of Sensory Innovation for customers, driven by a mutual passion for excellence. Through unique sensory expertise and consumer insight, Ultra provides customers with the taste and smell profiles that are key to their products' success. Our passion for Perfumes and Flavors, our Creativity and Innovation, together with our exceptional understanding of sensory perceptions and trends, have forged our world-class reputation. Email: Bhuvana Nageshwaran US Email: Ravi Sanganeria Email: Prasenjit Mazumdar US Email: Lisa Piccininni Email: bhuvana@ultraintl.com Email: Colin Ringleib Voice: +91-9810011601 (Bhuvana Nageshwaran) Fax: 91-11-4151 7050 US Voice: 0019143161580 91-120-4388500 91-11-41517010 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Resources Aromatherapy News Crop Calendar Products List: View Product(s): Ginger Oil China SDS 
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Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Co Ltd Quality Products A partner in your supply chain solution. Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Trade Co., Ltd.was founded in 1996, specializing in the production and import and export of food additives,flavor raw materials and pharmaceutical and chemical raw materials. The company has experienced R&D and business personnel,product quality, low price, efficient service and fast insight and grasp the latest market information. Email: Info Email: Sales Voice: +86-532-83893699 Fax: +86-532-83893695 Product(s): 7269 Ginger oil Nat.
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Vigon International Passion for Simplicity Manufacturer and supplier of high quality flavor and fragrance ingredients. The growth and success of Vigon is due in large part to a unique corporate concept that Vigon has developed and established within the industry: Creative Partnerships. This partnership concept has been and continues to be the foundation and guiding principle for all of Vigon's activities. US Email: Sales US Voice: 570-476-6300 US Fax: 570-476-1110 Facebook Twitter Linkedin Newsletter Blog Products List: View Product(s): 504286 Ginger Oil Chinese
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| Name: | zingiber officinale rosc. root oil | |
| CAS Number: | 8007-08-7 | |
| FDA UNII: | Search | |
Category: cosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
| Google Scholar: | Search |
| Google Books: | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "volatile" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "flavor" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "odor" | Search |
| Perfumer and Flavorist: | Search |
| Google Patents: | Search |
| US Patents: | Search |
| EU Patents: | Search |
| PubMed: | Search |
| NCBI: | Search |
| FEMA Number: | 2522 ginger root oil china |
| FDA: | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm (SATF): | 8007-08-7 ; GINGER, OIL (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSC.) |
| FDA Regulation: | |
| FDA PART 182 -- SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE Subpart A--General Provisions Sec. 182.20 Essential oils, oleoresins (solvent-free), and natural extractives (including distillates). | |
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.87000 to 0.88200 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 7.239 to 7.339 |
| Refractive Index: | 1.48800 to 1.49400 @ 20.00 °C. |
| Optical Rotation: | -47.00 to -28.00 |
| Boiling Point: | 254.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Flash Point: | 130.00 °F. TCC ( 54.44 °C. ) |
| Shelf Life: | 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Soluble in: | |
| alcohol | |
| dipropylene glycol | |
| paraffin oil | |
| water, 204.9 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | |
| Insoluble in: | |
| water | |
| propylene glycol | |
| glycerin | |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: spicy | |
| Odor Strength: | medium |
| Substantivity: | 292 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| ginger spicy citrus terpenic woody camphoreous earthy | |
| Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | spicy ginger citrus woody terpenic camphoreous earthy Luebke, William tgsc, (2002) |
| woody ginger citrus sweet spicy dirty camphoreous terpenic earthy | |
| Odor Description: at 2.00 % in ethyl alcohol. | Woody, ginger, citral, sweet, spicy, dirty, slightly camphoreous with a terpy and earthy nuance Mosciano, Gerard P&F 24, No. 2, 49, (1999) |
| Flavor Type: spicy | |
| ginger spicy citrus terpenic aldehydic floral aromatic tropical woody | |
| Taste Description: | spicy citrus terpenic aldehydic floral aromatic tropical woody Luebke, William tgsc, (2002) |
| ginger spicy woody citrus | |
| Taste Description: at 30.00 ppm. | Ginger, spicy, woody, impacting citrus with a citrus bite Mosciano, Gerard P&F 24, No. 2, 49, (1999) |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). | |
Cosmetic Information:
| CosIng: | cosmetic data |
| Cosmetic Uses: |
fragrance perfuming agents skin conditioning tonic |
Suppliers:
| Absolute Cosmetic Essentials |
| Ginger (Chinese) |
| Albert Vieille SAS |
| Ginger Essential oil China
Odor: spicy, warm citrus notes Use: Ginger, native to China, is a large, hardy, tropical herbaceous plant. It is an emblematic member of the Zingiberaceae, a family it shares with other celebrated spices like cardamom and turmeric. Ginger’s aromatic rhizome forms buds from which emerge leafy stems. The plant’s shape is similar to that of reeds. The essential oil, which lies in the cells beneath the rhizome’s epidermis, is extracted by steam distillation. Its spicy, warm fragrance has citrus notes, characteristic of the plant’s Asian origins. |
| Harvest Calendar |
| Anhui Haibei |
| Ginger Oil |
| Berjé |
| Ginger Oil Chinese |
| Media |
| Camden-Grey Essential Oils |
| Ginger essential oil
Odor: characteristic Use: Spicy, woody, warm, with a hint of lemon and pepper. It is antiseptic, analgesic, expectorant, laxative, and aphrodisiac. Aids memory, cheers one up. Eases sore throats. Settles the digestive system, effective against nausea, hangovers, jet lag, sea and travel sickness. Relieves cramps, rheumatic pains and muscle spasms. A valuable remedy in cases of impotence. Blends well with cajeput, cinnamon, eucalyptus, frankincense, geranium, orange and verbena. |
| Charabot |
| Ginger China oil
100% Pure & Natural, Kosher Odor: Spicy, peppery, warm, sweet, earthy with a fresh and citric facet |
| Charkit Chemical |
| GINGER OIL |
| Citrus and Allied Essences |
| Oil Ginger Chinese FCC |
| Market Report |
| De Monchy Aromatics |
| Ginger Oil Chinese |
| Diffusions Aromatiques |
| GINGEMBRE CHINE HUILE ESSENTIELLE |
| Elixens America |
| Ginger Essential Oil China
100% Pure and Natural |
| Frey + Lau |
| Ginger Oil China |
| George Uhe Company |
| Ginger Oil China
Available in FCC |
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| Ginger oil 60% |
| New functional food ingredients |
| Kanta Enterprises |
| Ginger China Oil |
| Lionel Hitchen |
| Ginger (Chin) Oil |
| Lluch Essence |
| GINGER CHINA OIL |
| Odowell Co.,ltd |
| Ginger oil |
| Payand Betrand |
| Ginger Oil China |
| Pearlchem Corporation |
| Ginger Oil Chinese |
| Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
| Ginger Oil Chinese |
| Primechem |
| Ginger oil |
| Quimdis |
| Ginger Oil China |
| R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
| Ginger Oil Chinese |
| Robertet |
| Ginger China oil
100% Pure & Natural, Kosher Odor: Spicy, peppery, warm, sweet, earthy with a fresh and citric facet |
| Seasons and Harvest / Crop calendar |
| Sensient Flavor and Fragrances |
| Ginger Chinese
C2470 |
| Synthite Industries |
| Ginger Oil |
| E-books and Brochures |
| Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals |
| Ginger Oil |
| The Lebermuth Company |
| Ginger Chinese Oil
Odor: Spicy, sweet and earthy |
| Spring/Summer 2022 Fragrance Trends |
| The Lebermuth Company |
| Ginger Organic Oil
Odor: Warm, slightly green, fresh, woody-spicy |
| The Perfumers Apprentice |
| Ginger (China) J.Steele |
| The Perfumery |
| Ginger oil, China
Odor: characteristic Use: Chinese Ginger oil has a warm, sweet, powerful aroma with citrus-like notes comparable to Orange and Lemon. Hints of Lemongrass and Coriander are also reported. Some natural constituents of Ginger oil include farnesene, cineol, borneol, geraniol, linalool, zingerone, and gingerol. |
| Ultra International |
| Ginger Oil China |
| Crop Calendar |
| United International |
| Ginger oil Nat. |
| Vigon International |
| Ginger Oil Chinese |
Safety Information:
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xn - Harmful. | |
|
R 10 - Flammable. R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. R 65 - Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S 62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| Flammable liquids (Category 4), H227 | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram |  |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| H227 - Combustible liquid | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction. P403 + P235 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
|
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. oral-mouse LD50 3450 mg/kg Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1230 mg/kg Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1230 mg/kg Zhongcaoyao. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Medicine. Vol. 19, Pg. 407, 1988. oral-mouse LD50 3450 mg/kg Zhongcaoyao. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Medicine. Vol. 19, Pg. 407, 1988. oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 901, 1974. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
|
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 901, 1974. skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 901, 1974. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | cosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents | ||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only) | |||
| citronellol | Max. Found: <0.40 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| geraniol | Max. Found: 0.5 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| citral | Max. Found: 2.8 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| farnesal | Max. Found: 0.2 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| citronellal | Max. Found: 0.4 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| Recommendation for ginger root oil china usage levels up to: | |||
| 8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 47.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 17.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | - | - | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | 13.00000 | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | 20.00000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | 20.00000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | 14.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | 12.00000 | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety References:
| EPI System: | View |
| Daily Med: | search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 8007-08-7 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| zingiber officinale rosc. root oil | |
| Chemidplus: | 0008007087 |
References:
| zingiber officinale rosc. root oil | |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 8007-08-7 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135277957 |
Other Information:
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| Export Tariff Code: | 3301.29.6000 |
| Typical G.C. | |
| Wikipedia: | View |
| FAO: | BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION |
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
| allspice | FR | |
| balsam | FR | |
| cassia | FR | |
| christmas | FR | |
| coconut | FR | |
| cookie | FL | |
| florida breeze | FR | |
| gardenia | FR | |
| ginger | FR | |
| ginger ale | FL | |
| ginger white ginger | FR | |
| gingerbread | FR | |
| herbal | FR | |
| jasmin | FR | |
| lychee | FR | |
| modifier | ||
| oriental | FR | |
| pumpkin pie | FR | |
| saffron | FR | |
| snake root | FL/FR | |
| spice | FR | |
| tropical | FL |
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
| ginger Search Trop Picture |
Synonyms:
| ginger china EO | |
| ginger oil china | |
| ginger oil chinese | |
| ginger root oil china | |
| ginger type china ess select 01 | |
| oil ginger chinese FCC | |
| zingiber officinale root oil china |