isovaleric acid
3-methylbutyric acid
 
Notes:
Flavouring agent. Simple esters are used in flavourings. Constit. of hops, cheese etc.; an important component of cheese aroma and flavour 3-Methylbutanoic acid, or more commonly isovaleric acid, is a natural fatty acid found in a wide variety of plants and essential oils. Isovaleric acid is clear colorless liquid that is sparingly soluble in water, but extremely soluble in most common organic solvents.; Isovaleric acid has a strong pungent cheesy or sweaty smell, but its volatile esters have pleasing scents and are used widely in perfumery. It has been proposed that it is the anticonvulsant agent in valerian. It is a major component of the cause of unpleasant foot odor.; Isovaleric acid, is a natural fatty acid found in a wide variety of plants and essential oils. Isovaleric acid is clear colorless liquid that is sparingly soluble in water, but well soluble in most common organic solvents.; It has been suggested that isovaleric acid from pilot whales, a species frequently consumed in the Faroe Islands, may be the unusual dietary factor in prolonged gestation in the population of the Faroe Islands.; Previous studies suggested that was due to the high intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been, but fatty acid data for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) in blood lipids of Faroese and Norwegians was reviewed in terms of the type of fish eaten (mostly lean white fish with DHA much greater than EPA); the popular lean fish, thus, probably provides too little EPA to produce a marked effect on human biochemistry. (PMID 2646392)
  • Advanced Biotech
    • Advanced Biotech. Inc.
      Inspired by Nature
      A diverse range of products, all meeting our stringent commitment to quality.
      Advanced Biotech is a leading manufacturer and supplier of high-quality Natural flavoring ingredients & botanical extracts for the food/beverage, cosmetic and personal care industries. With over 25 years of experience working with Fermentation processing & botanical extracts, we can help develop new innovative and functional products for today’s competitive marketplace. Our company prides itself in the ability to cater to our customer’s specific needs while maintaining our focus on integrity, honesty and the commitment to high quality product standards. We proudly offer our quality Natural ingredients to companies around the world.
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      1121 ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL 98% min.
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  • Alfrebro
    • Alfrebro LLC/ Archer Daniels Midland Company
      Let's get reacquainted
      Building great taste with aroma chemicals, extracts, and distillates
      The Alfrebro brand was established in the early 1900s by Alex Fries & Brothers, a Cincinnati Flavor Company. In 1980, the brand was re-launched as an aroma chemical manufacturer. Since its inception, Alfrebro’s primary focus has been to provide quality natural and high value synthetic chemicals.
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      ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL
      ISOVALERIC ACID (EU NAT)
       
  • Augustus Oils
    • Augustus Oils Ltd
      The Premier Supplier
      Augustus Oils Ltd, in harmony with nature - to present it at its best...
      A wealth of experience, expertise and knowledge has allowed Augustus to bridge the gulf in expectation and trust between growers and users of natural ingredients. The Company works in partnership with customers on the one hand, and growers, farmers and distillers on the other. Both users and producers can then focus on exactly what they do best, while skilled Augustus technicians closely monitor and control the delivered product. This ensures users can have the confidence that they will receive the best raw materials suited to their requirements.
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  • Axxence Aromatic
    • Axxence Aromatic GmbH
      We bring nature to your flavour
      Dedicated to provide the best possible quality and supply service of natural aroma ingredients.
      Axxence Aromatic is entirely dedicated to provide the best possible quality and supply service of natural aroma ingredients to the Flavour & Fragrance Industry worldwide.
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      310200 isoVALERIC ACID Natural Kosher
       
  • Beijing Lys Chemicals
    • Beijing Lys Chemicals Co, LTD.
      From Grams to Tons
      Fine chemical high-tech company which contains R&D, production, and sales.
      BEIJING LYS CHEMICALS CO, LTD, established in 2004, is a fine chemical high-tech company which contains R&D, production, and sales. We mainly engaged in export and technology development of flavor and fragrance materials and pharmaceutical intermediates. We have nearly 500 kinds of products, from grams to tons, exported to USA, Europe, South Asia and etc. And we custom manufacture new products according to customers’ needs, and serve good quality products and service. Our goal is to become a fine chemical enterprise which could provide special products and services.
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  • Berjé
    • Berje Inc.
      Where the world comes to its senses
      Where the world comes to its senses - Berjé is a global distributor of Essential Oils and Aromatic Chemicals.
      Berjé is a family-owned business that has been in operation for six decades. The company's origins and strength lie in a profound understanding of the supply and the quality of the diverse raw materials consumed by the flavor and fragrance industries. This base was expanded upon more than two decades ago to include fragrance production. The company's unparalleled raw material expertise is focused on the supply of essential oils and aromatic chemicals. This is supported by our long-standing relationships with a worldwide fabric of producers ensuring the greatest prospects for uninterrupted supply in markets that are often volatile and unpredictable.
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  • BOC Sciences
    • BOC Sciences
      Best of Chemicals Supplier
      Quality supplier of research chemicals and biochemicals including inhibitors, building blocks, GMP Products, impurities and metabolites, APIs for Veterinary, Natural Compounds, ADCs, Stem Cell Molecule and chiral compounds.
      BOC Sciences provides a wide range of services to support the pharmaceutical industry through all stages of drug discovery including Custom Synthesis of those chemicals that are not in stock, Isotope Labeling Service, Chiral Synthesis and Resolution, Bioconjugation, PEGylation services, analytical services.
      BOC Sciences is a brand of BOCSCI Inc. We leverage our wide spectrum of business in the fields of development, manufacturing, marketing, and distribution to help you make best-informed decisions tailored to your evolving needs for premium chemicals. Our complete suite of CRO services spans the entire molecule development pipeline including contract research for target identification, building blocks, compound synthesis, biochemical and cellular analysis, preclinical animal tests, and clinical studies.
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  • Charkit Chemical
    • Charkit Chemical Corporation
      The Specialty Chemical Specialists
      Explore this website to discover the products and services that Charkit provides for your industry and please contact us directly to find out how we can be of service to you.
      about: Since 1982, Charkit has been committed to expanding the markets we serve as our roster of products and services continues to grow with us. Our substantial portfolio of personal care ingredients now include a wide array of luxury and exotic components to compliment the key products we have always offered. We have expanded our offerings to the nutraceutical, industrial, and resin markets with a growing roster of versatile and unique ingredients. We continue to lead the way in our traditional markets such as Metal and Water Treatment, Imaging, Flavor & Fragrance, Aroma and Food. Our Pharmaceutical offerings continue to expand, still anchored by the Boronic Derivatives that meet the demands of Suzuki coupling reactions. Please contact us to learn how we can help you reach your goals.
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      ISOVALERIC ACID FEMA 3102
       
  • CJ Latta & Associates
    • CJ Latta & Associates, LLC
      Extensive Line
      Aromatic Chemicals and Organic Acids.
      CJ Latta & Associates is a distributor of specialty aromatics and organic acids used in the formulation of flavors and fragrance manufactured worldwide. We pride ourselves on our reputation for, fair pricing, quality and reliability. We’ve built our business on successfully sourcing and developing many challenging specialty chemicals and fine ingredients for our clients.
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      US Email: Chip Latta
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      US Email: Chip Latta
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      Product(s):
      Nat.Isovaleric acid
      ISO VALERIC ACID
       
  • Elan Inc.
    • Elan Inc.
      Legacy of Innovation
      Highest quality natural and synthetic products.
      Elan Inc. is a privately held business that has been in operation for over 30 years. Our offices and production facility are located in Newark, NJ. We are dedicated to producing the highest quality natural and synthetic products available in the flavor and fragrance industry.
      US Email: Mr. David Pimentel
      US Email: Ms. Isabel Couto
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      US Voice: (973) 344-8014
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      isovaleric acid (natural), Kosher
       
  • ENNOLYS
  • Excellentia International
    • Excellentia International
      Ingredients by Nature
      Exceptional quality and excellence in meeting our customers requirements.
      Excellentia International was founded in 2010 through the merger of Excellentia Flavors LLC and Polarome International. Collectively, these companies account for more than one hundred years of industry experience, and are recognized for exceptional quality and excellence in meeting our customers’ requirements.
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  • FCI SAS
    • FCI SAS
      Inspired by Nature
      At FCI customer service is not a department it’s an attitude.
      Our team is composed of motivated professionals with great experience in the flavours and fragrances market. Our company has been serving this industry for more than 40 years and is ISO 9001 certified since 2009 . Whatever your question on flavour and fragrance ingredients: commercial, technical or regulatory – we will answer it very quickly.
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      Voice: +33 (0)1 34 25 58 10
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      Product(s):
      30010 ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL EU
       
  • Fleurchem
    • Fleurchem, Inc.
      Have A Flavorful Day
      A leading global manufacturer and supplier of ingredients for Flavors, Fragrances, AromaTherapy, Foods, Beverages, Personal Care Products, and other uses.
      Operating out of the 200,000 sq. ft., former Hercules/PFW facility in Middletown, NY; Fleurchem produces a full range of natural isolates, synthetic chemicals & specialities, essential oils and flavors. Additionally, the company performs toll manufacturing, as well as custom chemical synthesis for a wide range of clients.
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      isovaleric acid natural
      isovaleric acid
       
  • Global Essence
    • Global Essence Inc.
      Preferred Partner
      Accommodate each customers unique needs.
      Global Essence was founded in 1993 as a two person operation servicing regional customers in the New York/ New Jersey area. In the twenty years since, it has grown into a multinational operation with offices in the US, UK, and Singapore. These offices allow Global to provide regional support to its customers worldwide. As the world continues become more connected, this approach positions Global to continue to offer the highest quality products and experience to all of its customers.
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  • H. Interdonati, Inc.
  • Frutarom
    • FRUTAROM USA INC,
      Flavor & Specialty Ingredients
      Your preferred partner for flavour and fragrance success.
      Our broad and diverse product portfolio is designed to provide and cater for every flavor and taste profile required by our customer base and incorporates historic, and iconic, market leading products.
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      441I195000 ISOVALERIC ACID KOSHER
       
  • Indukern F&F
  • Jiangyin Healthway
    • Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd
      Independent Ingredients Supplier
      We provide custom synthesis and contract manufacturing from milligrams to metric tonnes.
      Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd is a professional company, main engaged in manufacturing and exporting aroma chemicals ,food additives , cosmetic ingredient ,pharmaceutical intermediates & other fine chemicals; especially on aroma chemicals , as the major manufacturer of heterocyclic and sulphur aroma compounds , we are the leading independent ingredients supplier to the flavour and fragrance industries in China, can offer hundreds of different high quality aroma chemicals.
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      Product(s):
      HL0501 isoValeric Acid
       
  • Lluch Essence
    • Lluch Essence S.L.
      A family company dedicated to sales and distribution
      Flexibility, availability, price and quality.
      Flexibility, availability, price and quality make LLUCH ESSENCE S.L. one of Europe’s references when it comes to essential oils and aroma chemicals, and it is now well known all around the world.
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      ISOVALERIC ACID
      ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL 99%
       
  • M&U International
    • M&U International LLC
      Steady supply & demand
      Meeting customers increasing demands at home as well as abroad.
      M&U dedicates itself to the development and production of new products as well as continuously promoting those new products. We’ve maintained a steady supply&demand relationship with a large number of manufacturers at home and abroad. We’ve developed an extensive network and because of our relationships with these manufacturers, we’re able to provide a stable supply of great quality materials. We’re located in China’s largest communications hub, Shanghai and in the U.S. near one of the largest sea ports on the East Coast. The strategic locations of our facilities ensure convenient, prompt and secure delivery of our products to our customers.
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      N0084 NAT.ISOVALERIC ACID, Kosher
      N0112 NAT.3-METHYL BUTYRIC ACID, Kosher
      A0423 isoVALERIC ACID
       
  • Natural Advantage
  • OQEMA
    • OQEMA
      With a focus on providing the highest level of service
      OQEMA has established itself at the forefront of the global chemical industry.
      The guiding principles of OQEMA have always been to establish long term relationships with customers and suppliers alike to build sustainable and profitable business for all parties. Through OQEMA’s business divisions the company tailors products and services to better support and service our customers requirements. This structure also allows the company to focus its marketing campaigns more effectively to certain industries. Over the last decade OQEMA has achieved strong growth as a result of the expansion of our business model. Going forward, the company will be expanding this business model into existing and new strategic territories.
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      isoValeric Acid
       
  • Penta International
    • Penta International Corporation
      Chemistry innovation
      At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better.
      For over 30 years, Penta Manufacturing Company has played a growing role in worldwide chemistry innovations and applications. As an industry leader, Penta continues to pioneer chemistry-based solutions for practically every area of commerce. Our products and expertise have helped fuel technical advances in dozens of commercial applications including flavoring, coloring, fragrances and chemical processes.
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      Product(s):
      09-67000 ISOVALERIC ACID
      09-68000 ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL
      09-67010 ISOVALERIC ACID FCC GRADE
       
  • Prodasynth
    • Prodasynth
      PRODUCTEUR PAR ESSENCE
      Chemical specialist in manufacturing, distributing and sourcing of tailor-made ingredients for the Flavour & Fragrance industry.
      Today we are also proud to say, we have created an important range of Natural Molecules which can be found in our Raw Material Compendium. The versatility of our small but efficient structure is one of our main strengths when trying to fulfill our clients' requirements.
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      Product(s):
      ISOVALERIC ACID (> 99%)
      ISOVALERIC ACID, NATURAL (> 98%)
       
  • Robertet
    • Robertet, Inc.
      HOME OF NATURE, SEED TO SCENT
      HOME OF NATURE – natural ingredients from the source.
      Robertet is a leader in the production of natural ingredients with facilities in France, Bulgaria, Turkey, South Africa, India, China, New Caledonia, ... Founded in 1850, Robertet remains a family owned business (5th Generation) and one of the largest producers of aromatic extracts. Brand acquisitions include: Charabot, Sapad, Hitex.
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      US Email: Arnaud Adrian
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      Fax: 33 4 93 70 68 09
      US Voice: +1.201.337.7100
      +1 212 710 4600Robertet New York Creative Center
      +1 212 245 4092Robertet New York Creative Center
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      Product(s):
      105641 isoValeric Acid NAT.
       
  • Sigma-Aldrich
  • SRS Aromatics
    • SRS Aromatics Ltd
      For over 25 years
      Bringing flavour and fragrance into your world.
      As suppliers / distributors of ingredients to the fragrance and flavour industries, our goal is to provide high quality materials at competitive prices with an exceptional level of service. Established in 1984, SRS Aromatics Ltd is an independent family owned business which has become very well-respected within the fragrance and flavour industry as a reliable and trustworthy partner. Over the years this has allowed the company to develop strong relationships with many global manufacturers; several of whom we represent in the UK. A core aim of our business is to work extremely closely with both our suppliers and customers to maximise service levels with minimum disruption to supply.
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      ISO VALERIC ACID
       
  • Sunaux International
    • Sunaux International
      Buy With Confidence
      We have industry leading processes and procedures to ensure nothing but the most reliable product.
      Sunaux International was founded in 2012 by the owner Mr.John Felton after spending 18 years involved in developing global business in the aromatic chemicals, fragrance and flavour compounds business.
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      N0093 nat.isoValeric Acid
       
  • Synerzine
    • Synerzine, Inc.
      Innovation. Customization. Aroma Ingredients.
      Synerzine is a leading supplier of flavor and fragrance ingredients.
      Synerzine expresses what we have grown to embody as an organization - the synergy and connection between raw ingredients, science, technology, and the final product. Our experienced team is passionate about bringing our customers high-quality innovative ingredients that they can trust.
      Building upon our 44 year history, the Synerzine team provides customers around the globe with convenient access to over 1200 high-quality aroma ingredients. We actively engage with customers to add a wide array of new products and services on a regular basis. Our aim is to delight every customer with our exceptional services, large product selection, customization and the highest quality and safety standards. We provide our customers with true value designed to help them bring their products to market faster.
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      W01801 isoValeric Acid
       
  • Taytonn ASCC
    • Taytonn ASCC Pte Ltd
      Supplying Asia Pacific
      We fully understand the demands of the F&F industry and we endeavour to supply quality products, with ready availability and a personalised service.
      Since 2001 TAYTONN has been distributing key ingredients to the Fragrance and Flavor industry in Asia. We work closely with customers, principals and vendors. Together we forecast demand and match it with supply of aroma chemicals, essential oils and natural isolates & extracts. Sourced from around the world, our F&F ingredient inventory in Singapore is ready to ship to any location in Asia and beyond. Time and again, we help our principals introduce new discoveries to the F&F market - stimulating creativity and bringing value added proposition to our customers.
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  • TCI AMERICA
    • TCI AMERICA
      Moving Your Chemistry Forward
      We continuously strive to advance our technology.
      With East & West Coast distribution centers, count on TCI to deliver products quickly and reliably. Over 30,000 Reagents available today in benchtop to bulk quantities. We also offer custom synthesis solutions. Sign up for a TCI account today for fast and free shipping!
      Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (TCI) is a leading worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals founded in 1946. TCI provides organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic and functional materials. More than 70 years of synthesis experience and multi-purpose plants enable TCI to offer more than 30,000 products as well as custom synthesis.
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      Product(s):
      M0182 isoValeric Acid >99.0%(GC)
      SDS
       
  • Tianjin Danjun International
    • Tianjin Danjun International Trade Co., LTD.
      Quality Products
      We know the Chinese chemical market well.
      Tianjin danjun international trade co., LTD. is an organic chemicals trading company approved by the relevant state authorities to register. We have about 300 kinds of products (natural aroma chemicals, synthetic aroma chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates). Most of the products are used in flavor and fragrance industry. We know the Chinese chemical market well and we have close relationship with many of the main manufacturers, and to provide our customers with quality goods together with comprehensive service.
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      Voice: +86-15822601686
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      Product(s):
      G-064 3-Methyl butyric acid
       
  • R C Treatt & Co Ltd
    • R C Treatt and Co Ltd
      Innovative ingredient solutions
      World-leading innovative ingredient solutions provider for the flavour, fragrance and FMCG industries.
      We offer innovative and trend-setting product concepts for our customers, collaborating with them to create true value for their products.
      Email: Enquiries
      US Email: Enquiries
      Voice: +44 (0) 1284 702500
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      US Voice: +1 863 668 9500
      US Fax: +1 863 668 3388
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      Product(s):
      isoValeric Acid
       
  • United International
    • Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Co Ltd
      Quality Products
      A partner in your supply chain solution.
      Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Trade Co., Ltd.was founded in 1996, specializing in the production and import and export of food additives,flavor raw materials and pharmaceutical and chemical raw materials. The company has experienced R&D and business personnel,product quality, low price, efficient service and fast insight and grasp the latest market information.
      Email: Info
      Email: Sales
      Voice: +86-532-83893699
      Fax: +86-532-83893695
      Product(s):
      7180 Isovaleric acid
       
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search
    Flavor Demo Formulas
CAS Number: 503-74-2Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 207-975-3
FDA UNII: 1BR7X184L5
Nikkaji Web: J2.605K
Beilstein Number: 1098522
MDL: MFCD00002726
CoE Number: 8
XlogP3: 1.20 (est)
Molecular Weight: 102.13310000
Formula: C5 H10 O2
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category: cosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar: Search
Google Books: Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist: Search
Google Patents: Search
US Patents: Search
EU Patents: Search
Pubchem Patents: Search
PubMed: Search
NCBI: Search
JECFA Food Flavoring: 259  isovaleric acid
DG SANTE Food Flavourings: 08.008  3-methylbutyric acid
FEMA Number: 3102 isovaleric acid
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):503-74-2 ; ISOVALERIC ACID
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.515 Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants.
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Physical Properties:
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Specific Gravity: 0.92300 to 0.92800 @  25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.680 to  7.722
Refractive Index: 1.40100 to 1.40500 @  20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -29.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 175.00 to  177.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.554000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density: 3.5 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 159.00 °F. TCC ( 70.56 °C. )
logP (o/w): 1.160
Shelf Life: 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage: refrigerate in tightly sealed containers.
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 chloroform
 ether
 water, 40700 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
 water, 1 part to 25 parts water
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor Type: cheesy
 
Odor Strength: high ,
recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less
 
Substantivity: 400 hour(s) at 100.00 %
 
 sour  sweaty  cheesy  tropical  
Odor Description:
at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. 
sour stinky feet sweaty cheese tropical
Luebke, William tgsc, (1989)
 
 cheesy  dairy  acidic  sour  pungent  fruity  ripe  fatty  fruity  
Odor Description:
Cheese, dairy, acidic, sour, pungent, fruity, stinky, ripe fatty and fruity notes
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 5, 39, (1993)
 
 
Flavor Type: cheesy
 
 cheesy  dairy  creamy  fermented  sweet  waxy  berry  
Taste Description:
at 50.00 ppm.  
Cheesey, dairy, creamy, fermented, sweet, waxy and berry
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 5, 39, (1993)
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Alfrebro
ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL
Odor Description: Rancid, Cheese, Disagreeable
 
Ernesto Ventós
isoVALERIC ACID
Odor Description: SOUR,CHEESY,FRUITY,FERMENTED,WOODY
 
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics
Isovaleric Acid 98.0 (min) Natural
Odor Description: Cheese, dairy, acidic, sour, pungent, fruity, stinky, ripe fatty and fruity notes
 
Mane
Isovaleric Acid
Odor Description: Sour Milky Cheesy
 
 
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng: cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: perfuming agents
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Suppliers:
Advanced Biotech
ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL
98% min.
Odor: Cheesy, Rancid
Alfrebro
ISOVALERIC ACID (EU NAT)
Odor: Rancid, Cheese-like
Alfrebro
ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL
Odor: Rancid, Cheese, Disagreeable
Ambles Nature et Chimie
ACIDE ISOVALERIQUE NAT
Astral Extracts
IsoValeric Acid
Augustus Oils
Iso Valeric Acid
Services
Aurochemicals
isoVALERIC ACID, Natural
Axxence Aromatic
isoVALERIC ACID Natural
Kosher
Sustainability
Beijing Lys Chemicals
3-Methyl butyric acid
Berjé
isoValeric Acid
Media
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Isovaleric acid 35%
Charkit Chemical
ISOVALERIC ACID FEMA 3102
Citrus and Allied Essences
3-Methylbutyric Acid (natural)
Odor: disagreeable sour,rancid,cheesy note
Market Report
CJ Latta & Associates
ISO VALERIC ACID
CJ Latta & Associates
Nat.Isovaleric acid
Diffusions Aromatiques
ACIDE ISOVALERIQUE
Elan Inc.
isovaleric acid
(natural), Kosher
ENNOLYS
3-Methyl butyric acid
Natural (EU,US), Kosher & Halal
Odor: rancid, cheese -like
Ernesto Ventós
3-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID NATURAL FIRMENICH 904020
Odor: SOUR,CHEESY,FRUITY,FERMENTED,WOODY
Ernesto Ventós
isoVALERIC ACID
Excellentia International
isoValeric Acid Natural
FCI SAS
ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL EU
Odor: Strong, cheesy
Fleurchem
isovaleric acid natural
Fleurchem
isovaleric acid
Frutarom
ISOVALERIC ACID
KOSHER
Flavor: Sour, Sweaty, Cheesy, Creamy, Dairy
CBD Offering
Global Essence
isoValeric Acid Natural
Grau Aromatics
isoVALERIC ACID FCC
H. Interdonati, Inc.
3-Methylbutyric Acid Natural, Kosher
Featured Products
IFF
ISOVALERIC ACID
KOSHER
Flavor: Sour, Sweaty, Cheesy, Creamy, Dairy
Indenta Group
isoValeric Acid
Indukern F&F
ISOVALERIC ACID
Odor: CHEESE, BITTER
Jiangyin Healthway
isoValeric Acid
New functional food ingredients
Kun Shan P&A
isoValeric Acid
Lluch Essence
ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL 99%
Lluch Essence
ISOVALERIC ACID
M&U International
isoVALERIC ACID
M&U International
NAT.3-METHYL BUTYRIC ACID, Kosher
M&U International
NAT.ISOVALERIC ACID, Kosher
Mane
Isovaleric Acid
Odor: Sour Milky Cheesy
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics
Isovaleric Acid 98.0 (min)
Natural
Odor: Cheese, dairy, acidic, sour, pungent, fruity, stinky, ripe fatty and fruity notes
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics
Isovaleric acid
Odor: Cheese, dairy, acidic, sour, pungent, fruity, stinky, ripe fatty and fruity notes
Natural Advantage
Isovaleric Acid Nat
Flavor: cheesy, fruity, sour
Riverside Aromatics LTD.is the exclusive distributor for Europe in UK for any non-US based inquiries
Naturamole
isovaleric acid 98% natural EU
OQEMA
isoValeric Acid
Pearlchem Corporation
Natural isoValeric Acid
Penta International
ISOVALERIC ACID FCC GRADE
Penta International
ISOVALERIC ACID NATURAL
Penta International
ISOVALERIC ACID
Prodasynth
ISOVALERIC ACID, NATURAL
(> 98%)
Prodasynth
ISOVALERIC ACID
(> 99%)
Odor: ACID, ACRID, CHEESE
R C Treatt & Co Ltd
isoValeric Acid
Reincke & Fichtner
isoValeric Acid natural
Reincke & Fichtner
isoValeric Acid
Robertet
isoValeric Acid NAT.
Seasons and Harvest / Crop calendar
Sigma-Aldrich
Isovaleric acid, ≥99%, FCC, FG
Odor: cheese; animal
Certified Food Grade Products
Sigma-Aldrich
Isovaleric acid, natural, ≥98%, FG
Odor: cheese; animal
SRS Aromatics
ISO VALERIC ACID
Sunaux International
nat.isoValeric Acid
Synerzine
isoValeric Acid
Taytonn ASCC
isoValeric Acid
Odor: Acidic, Cheese, Sour
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
isoValeric Acid >99.0%(GC)
Tianjin Danjun International
3-Methyl butyric acid
United International
Isovaleric acid
Vigon International
isoValeric Acid Natural Deironized
Vigon International
isoValeric Acid
Odor: DISAGREEABLE, RANCID, CHEESE-LIKE
WEN International
ISOVALERIC ACID Natural
WholeChem
3-Methyl butyric acid
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
T - Toxic.
R 20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
R 24 - Toxic in contact with skin.
R 34 - Causes burns.
S 01/02 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50  2 ml/kg
Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 1/31/1972

intravenous-mouse LD50  1120 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 18, Pg. 141, 1961.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 310 ul/kg
Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 1/31/1972

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety in Use Information:
Category: cosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
 
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -5.50000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -1.20000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: -2.40000
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -14.00000
fruit ices: -14.00000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -12.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
Flavouring Group Evaluation 1, Revision 1 (FGE.01Rev 1): Branched-chain aliphatic saturated aldehydes, carboxylic acids and related esters of primary alcohols and branched-chain carboxylic acids from chemical groups 1 and 2 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) on a request from the Commission
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 8 (FGE.08)[1]: Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical group 20
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 7, Revision 2 (FGE.07Rev2) : Saturated and unsaturated aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and esters of secondary alcohols and saturated linear or branched-chain carboxylic acids from chemical group 5
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 1 (FGE.08Rev1): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30
View page or View pdf
Scientific Report of EFSA on the risk assessment of salts of authorised acids, phenols or alcohols for use in food contact materials [1]
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 9, Revision 2 (FGE.09Rev2): Secondary alicyclic saturated and unsaturated alcohols, ketones and esters containing secondary alicyclic alcohols from chemical group 8 and 30, and an ester of a phenol derivative from chemical group 25
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 30 (FGE.30): 2-Methoxy-4-(prop-1-enyl)phenyl 3-methylbutyrate from chemical group 17
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 01 Rev2 (FGE.01 Rev2): Branched-chain aliphatic saturated aldehydes, carboxylic acids and related esters of primary alcohols and branched-chain carboxylic acids from chemical groups 1 and 2
View page or View pdf
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 30, Revision 1 (FGE.30Rev1): 4-Prop-1-enylphenol and 2-methoxy-4-(prop-1-enyl)phenyl 3-methylbutyrate from chemical group 17
View page or View pdf
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 3 (FGE.08Rev3): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30
View page or View pdf
EPI System: View
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 503-74-2
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 10430
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
WISER: UN 3265
WGK Germany: 1
 3-methylbutanoic acid
Chemidplus: 0000503742
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: hazardous materials
RTECS: NY1400000 for cas# 503-74-2
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
References:
 3-methylbutanoic acid
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 503-74-2
Pubchem (cid): 10430
Pubchem (sid): 134975895
Flavornet: 503-74-2
Pherobase: View
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): View
CHEBI: View
CHEMBL: View
Metabolomics Database: Search
KEGG (GenomeNet): C08262
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): HMDB00718
FooDB: FDB001324
YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database): YMDB01606
Export Tariff Code: 2915.60.5000
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider: View
Wikipedia: View
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Potential Blenders and core components note
 
For Odor
No odor group found for these
 arnica montana flower extractFL/FR
 eucalyptus leucoxylon leaf oil algeria 
isovaleraldehyde diethyl acetalFL/FR
isobutyric acidFL/FR
 cyclohexyl acetic acidFL/FR
2-ethyl butyric acidFL/FR
2-methyl butyric acidFL/FR
2-methyl-2-pentenoic acidFL/FR
aldehydic
 acetyl nonyrylFL/FR
isobutyraldehydeFL/FR
animal
 methyl (E)-2-octenoateFL/FR
balsamic
 terpinyl butyrateFL/FR
 valerian rhizome absoluteFL/FR
buttery
 acetoinFL/FR
 acetyl butyrylFL/FR
 acetyl propionylFL/FR
 butyl butyryl lactateFL/FR
2,3-heptane dioneFL/FR
 levulinic acidFL/FR
cheesy
 butyric acidFL/FR
 heptanoic acidFL/FR
2-methyl hexanoic acidFL/FR
S-(methyl thio) butyrateFL/FR
2-methyl valeric acidFL/FR
2-methyl-2-hexenoic acidFR
 valeric acidFL/FR
chocolate
 cocoa pentenalFL/FR
coconut
 coconut decanone methylFR
delta-decalactoneFL/FR
delta-octalactoneFL/FR
gamma-octalactoneFL/FR
coumarinic
epsilon-decalactoneFL/FR
para-vanillic acidFL/FR
cucumber
(R)-(-)-2-octanol 
earthy
3-octanolFL/FR
estery
 diisopropyl adipateCS
ethereal
 decyl propionateFL/FR
isovaleraldehyde propylene glycol acetalFL/FR
fatty
 allyl cyclohexyl hexanoateFL/FR
isobutyl undecylenateFL/FR
 coconut absoluteFL/FR
(Z)-dairy lactoneFL/FR
 decanoic acidFL/FR
 hexanoic acidFL/FR
4-methyl octanoic acidFL/FR
 octanoic acidFL/FR
(Z)-3-octen-1-olFL/FR
(E,Z,Z)-2,4,7-tridecatrienalFL/FR
fermented
isoamyl alcoholFL/FR
fishy
 pyridine 
floral
 dihydrojasmone lactoneFL/FR
alpha-hexyl cinnamaldehydeFL/FR
 hydroxycitronellalFL/FR
 neryl isovalerateFL/FR
 phenethyl hexanoateFL/FR
 phenethyl isovalerateFL/FR
 rose butanoateFL/FR
fruity
 allyl cyclohexyl acetateFL/FR
 allyl propionateFL/FR
 amyl valerateFL/FR
isoamyl valerateFL/FR
 ananas comosus extract 
isobutyl-3-(methyl thio) butyrateFL/FR
sour cherry essenceFL/FR
sour cherry fragranceFR
 cherry pentenoateFL/FR
 cyclohexyl carboxylic acidFL/FR
 dihydroactinidolideFL/FR
 ethyl lactateFL/FR
1-ethyl-2-methyl propyl tiglate 
 filbert hexenoneFL/FR
4-heptanoneFL/FR
(E)-2-hepten-1-yl acetateFL/FR
 hexyl isovalerateFL/FR
 methyl (Z)-5-octenoateFL/FR
 methyl 4-methyl valerateFL/FR
2-methyl butyl acetateFL/FR
2-methyl butyl isovalerateFL/FR
 methyl valerateFL/FR
(Z)-5-octen-1-yl 3-methyl butyrate 
 octyl heptanoateFL/FR
 passiflora lauriflora fruit extractCS
2-pentanoneFL/FR
 pineapple hydroxyhexanoateFL/FR
 prenyl hexanoateFL/FR
 propyl butyrateFL/FR
 propyl heptanoateFL/FR
 propyl isobutyrateFL/FR
 prune specialtyFL/FR
(E,E)-sorbyl butyrateFL/FR
 sorbyl butyrateFL/FR
gamma-undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called))FL/FR
fungal
1-decen-3-olFL/FR
green
isoamyl 3-(2-furan) propionateFL/FR
 butyl lactateFL/FR
isobutyl methyl ketoneFL/FR
3-heptanoneFL/FR
(Z)-4-heptenal diethyl acetalFL/FR
 heptyl acetateFL/FR
 hexanal (aldehyde C-6)FL/FR
(E)-2-hexen-1-yl butyrateFL/FR
(E)-2-hexenalFL/FR
4-hexenolFL/FR
2-pentenalFL/FR
herbal
isoamyl heptanoateFL/FR
 benzyl octanoateFL/FR
3-heptanolFL/FR
 perillaldehydeFL/FR
honey
 phenoxyacetic acidFL/FR
 phenyl acetic acidFL/FR
4-methyl nonanoic acidFL/FR
minty
laevo-piperitoneFL/FR
nutty
 filbert heptenoneFL/FR
 nutty quinoxalineFL/FR
oily
 petal pyranoneFL/FR
phenolic
meta-cresyl acetateFL/FR
spicy
 clove bud concreteFR
 cumin seed oilFL/FR
(S)-4-methyl-1-hexanol 
(±)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydrocuminic acidFL/FR
 ethyl 3-mercaptobutyrateFL/FR
 ethyl methyl mercaptopropionateFL/FR
thujonic
 cistus cyclohexanoneFL/FR
tropical
 passiflora edulis fruit extractFL/FR
 passiflora edulis fruit waterFL/FR
waxy
 butyl laurateFL/FR
9-decenoic acidFL/FR
5(6)-decenoic acidFL/FR
 ethyl laurateFL/FR
 ethyl myristateFL/FR
 ethyl octanoateFL/FR
 ethyl palmitateFL/FR
2-methyl heptanoic acidFL/FR
 nonanoic acidFL/FR
2-nonanolFL/FR
delta-tetradecalactoneFL/FR
2-tridecanoneFL/FR
 undecanoic acidFL/FR
1-undecanolFL/FR
woody
beta-terpineolFL/FR
(±)-tetrahydronootkatoneFL/FR
 
For Flavor
 
No flavor group found for these
 allyl alcoholFL
 allyl cyclohexyl hexanoateFL/FR
 amyl valerateFL/FR
 ananas comosus extract 
 arnica montana flower extractFL/FR
 benzyl octanoateFL/FR
 butyl isothiocyanateFL
isobutyl undecylenateFL/FR
isobutyl-3-(methyl thio) butyrateFL/FR
 cistus cyclohexanoneFL/FR
 decyl propionateFL/FR
2,5-dithiahexaneFL
S-ethyl 2-acetyl aminoethane thioateFL
 ethyl 3-mercaptobutyrateFL/FR
 ethyl cyclohexyl carboxylateFL
 ethyl isothiocyanateFL
1-ethyl-2-methyl propyl tiglate 
 eucalyptus leucoxylon leaf oil algeria 
(E,E)-2,4-heptadien-1-olFL
3-heptanolFL/FR
(E)-2-hepten-1-yl acetateFL/FR
(Z)-3-hexenoic acidFL
2-hexyl acetateFL
3-hydroxypyruvic acidFL
3-mercapto-3-methyl butyl formateFL
isomesityl oxideFL
3-methyl crotonic acidFL
5-methyl hexanoic acidFL
 methyl methane thiosulfonateFL
S-methyl thiopropionateFL
4-methyl valeric acidFL
(S)-4-methyl-1-hexanol 
3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-oneFL
1-nonen-3-oneFL
(R)-(-)-2-octanol 
(Z)-5-octen-1-yl 3-methyl butyrate 
 octyl heptanoateFL/FR
2-pentenalFL/FR
 phenoxyacetic acidFL/FR
 prenyl hexanoateFL/FR
 prune specialtyFL/FR
 pyridine 
(E,E)-sorbyl butyrateFL/FR
beta-terpineolFL/FR
(±)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydrocuminic acidFL/FR
(±)-tetrahydronootkatoneFL/FR
 thiamine hydrochlorideFL
isovaleraldehyde diethyl acetalFL/FR
 valeraldehyde diethyl acetalFL
isoamyl 3-(2-furan) propionateFL/FR
4-mercapto-2-pentanone 1% in acetoinFL
3-(methyl thio) methyl thiopheneFL
acidic
isobutyric acidFL/FR
2-ethyl butyric acidFL/FR
 levulinic acidFL/FR
 propionic acidFL
 valeric acidFL/FR
aldehydic
 acetyl nonyrylFL/FR
isobutyraldehydeFL/FR
1-undecanolFL/FR
alliaceous
 allyl propionateFL/FR
 truffle sulfideFL
berry
 prunus spinosa extractFL
bitter
(E,Z,Z)-2,4,7-tridecatrienalFL/FR
buttery
2,3-heptane dioneFL/FR
2-methyl valeric acidFL/FR
(E)-2-pentenoic acidFL
caramellic
 creme brulee flavorFL
 pyruvaldehydeFL
 pyruvic acidFL
cheesy
(E)-2,4-dimethyl-2-pentenoic acidFL
 hexanoic acidFL/FR
coconut
delta-decalactoneFL/FR
delta-octalactoneFL/FR
creamy
 acetoinFL/FR
 acetoin butyrateFL
 acetyl butyrylFL/FR
 butyl butyryl lactateFL/FR
cream cheese flavorFL
 custard flavorFL
5(6)-decenoic acidFL/FR
2-methyl-4-pentenoic acidFL
gamma-undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called))FL/FR
para-vanillic acidFL/FR
dairy
 methyl (Z)-5-octenoateFL/FR
4-pentenoic acidFL
earthy
1-decen-3-olFL/FR
fatty
 coconut absoluteFL/FR
(Z)-dairy lactoneFL/FR
 dimethyl sulfoxideFL
4-methyl nonanoic acidFL/FR
4-methyl octanoic acidFL/FR
 nonanoic acidFL/FR
(Z)-3-octen-1-olFL/FR
(E)-2-octenoic acidFL
2-tridecanoneFL/FR
fermented
 methyl thio isovalerateFL
fishy
 trimethyl amineFL
floral
 cocoa pentenalFL/FR
 phenyl acetic acidFL/FR
 terpinyl butyrateFL/FR
fruity
 allyl cyclohexyl acetateFL/FR
isoamyl valerateFL/FR
 blueberry cheesecake flavorFL
sour cherry essenceFL/FR
 cherry pentenoateFL/FR
 cyclohexyl carboxylic acidFL/FR
 dihydroactinidolideFL/FR
 ethyl 3-oxohexanoateFL
 ethyl lactateFL/FR
 filbert hexenoneFL/FR
 furfuryl isovalerateFL
 furfuryl valerateFL
4-heptanoneFL/FR
 methyl (E)-2-octenoateFL/FR
 methyl 4-methyl valerateFL/FR
2-methyl butyl acetateFL/FR
2-methyl butyl isovalerateFL/FR
2-methyl butyric acidFL/FR
 methyl valerateFL/FR
 neryl isovalerateFL/FR
2-pentanoneFL/FR
 phenethyl isovalerateFL/FR
 pineapple hydroxyhexanoateFL/FR
 propyl butyrateFL/FR
 propyl isobutyrateFL/FR
 rose butanoateFL/FR
 sorbyl butyrateFL/FR
 tamarindus indica extractFL
isovaleraldehyde propylene glycol acetalFL/FR
 valerian rhizome absoluteFL/FR
fusel
isoamyl alcoholFL/FR
green
 butyl lactateFL/FR
isobutyl methyl ketoneFL/FR
 heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetalFL
(Z)-4-heptenal diethyl acetalFL/FR
 heptyl acetateFL/FR
 hexanal (aldehyde C-6)FL/FR
(E)-2-hexen-1-yl butyrateFL/FR
(E)-2-hexenalFL/FR
 hexyl isovalerateFL/FR
3-(5-methyl-2-furyl) butanalFL
herbal
isoamyl heptanoateFL/FR
ketonic
3-heptanoneFL/FR
lactonic
gamma-octalactoneFL/FR
meaty
2-methyl 3-(methyl thio) furanFL
12-methyl tridecanalFL
metallic
4-hexenolFL/FR
minty
laevo-piperitoneFL/FR
mushroom
 methional diethyl acetalFL
musty
S-(methyl thio) butyrateFL/FR
3-octanolFL/FR
 propionaldehydeFL
nutty
 filbert heptenoneFL/FR
 nutty quinoxalineFL/FR
oily
2-methyl hexanoic acidFL/FR
 petal pyranoneFL/FR
phenolic
meta-cresyl acetateFL/FR
soapy
 decanoic acidFL/FR
 octanoic acidFL/FR
sour
 acetic acidFL
 butyric acidFL/FR
2,4-dimethyl-2-pentenoic acidFL
3-methyl valeric acidFL
2-methyl-2-pentenoic acidFL/FR
spicy
 cumin seed oilFL/FR
 perillaldehydeFL/FR
sulfurous
 ethyl methyl mercaptopropionateFL/FR
 methyl 4-(methyl thio) butyrateFL
 methyl thioacetateFL
 onion oleoresinFL
sweet
 acetone alcoholFL
 cyclohexyl acetic acidFL/FR
toasted
 acetyl propionylFL/FR
tropical
 passiflora edulis fruit extractFL/FR
 passiflora edulis fruit waterFL/FR
vanilla
vanilla ice cream flavorFL
waxy
 butyl laurateFL/FR
epsilon-decalactoneFL/FR
9-decenoic acidFL/FR
 dihydrojasmone lactoneFL/FR
 ethyl laurateFL/FR
 ethyl myristateFL/FR
 ethyl octanoateFL/FR
 ethyl palmitateFL/FR
 heptanoic acidFL/FR
alpha-hexyl cinnamaldehydeFL/FR
 hydroxycitronellalFL/FR
2-methyl heptanoic acidFL/FR
2-nonanolFL/FR
 phenethyl hexanoateFL/FR
 propyl heptanoateFL/FR
delta-tetradecalactoneFL/FR
 undecanoic acidFL/FR
 
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Potential Uses:
 appleFL
 bananaFL
 blackberryFL
 butterFL
 cheese blue cheeseFL
 creamFL
 dairyFL
 fruitFR
 nutFL
 passion fruitFR
 pearFL
 strawberryFL
 wine sherry wineFL
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 apple fruit
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 arctic bramble fruit
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 banana fruit
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 banana plant
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 barley roasted barley
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 bay laurel leaf
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 beer
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 bergamot plant wild
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 blackberry fruit
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 brandy
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 burdock plant
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 cajeput
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 cassia plant
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 cayenne sap
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 celery seed
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 cheese
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 cheese @ 30.00 ± 10 µg%
Data  GC  Search  PMC Picture
 cherry sour cherry fruit
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 cider
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 cinnamon
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 citronella
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 citrus fruits
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 cocoa
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 coffee
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 cornmint plant
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 currant fruit
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 cymbopogon javanensis
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 cypress
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 dolphin fat
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 eucalyptus goniocalyx
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 fish
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 geranium
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 grape
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 ham
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 honey buckwheat honey
PbMd  Search  PMC Picture
 hop
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 lavender
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 lavender oil spike spain @ 0.106%
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 lemongrass plant
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 lovage root
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 lychee canned lychee
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 marjoram sweet
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 milk
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 mushroom
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 mushroom giant puffball mushroom
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 niaouli
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 osmanthus absolute @ trace%
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 papaya fruit
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 passion fruit
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 peach fruit
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 peanut roasted peanut
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 pear fruit
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 peas
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 pepper bell pepper fruit
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 pepper black pepper fruit
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 pepper black pepper seed
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 peppermint american
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 peppermint plant
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 persea pubescens
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 petitgrain lemon petitgrain
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 pilot whale
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 potato chip
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 raspberry red raspberry fruit
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 rosemary
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 rue leaf
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 rum
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 safflower flower
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 seal fat
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 sherry
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 soybean seed
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 spearmint
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 strawberry wild strawberry fruit
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 tea
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 thymus mastichina
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 tobacco
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 tomato
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 trassi cooked trassi
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 valerian root
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 valerian root oil CO2 extract china @ 0.21%
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 vinegar
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 whiskey
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 wormwood silky wormwood
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Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Synonyms:
isobutyl formic acid
 delphinic acid
 dephinic acid
3-methyl butanoic acid
3-methyl butyric acid
beta-methyl butyric acid
nat.3-methyl butyric acid
3-methylbutanoic acid
3-methylbutyric acid
3-methylbutyric acid (natural)
isopentanoic acid
isopropyl acetic acid
isovalerianic acid
nat.isovaleric acid
isovaleric acid (natural)
isovaleric acid deironized natural
isovaleric acid FCC
isovaleric acid natural
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Articles:
Info: Volatile Flavor Components in Bogyojosaeng and Suhong Cultivars of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.)
Google Patents: Dimethyl sulfide, beta-damascenone, 3-methylbutanal, and 3-methylbutyric acid
PubMed: In vivo antidepressant activity of sesquiterpenes from the roots of Valeriana fauriei Briq.
PubMed: Identification of potent odourants in wine and brewed coffee using gas chromatography-olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.
PubMed: Identification of fruity aroma-producing compounds from Chryseobacterium sp. isolated from the Western Ghats, India.
PubMed: Identification and formation of volatile components responsible for the characteristic aroma of mat rush (igusa).
PubMed: Essential oil composition of Valeriana officinalis L. roots cultivated in Iran. Comparative analysis between supercritical CO2 extraction and hydrodistillation.
PubMed: Evaluation and application of static headspace-multicapillary column-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry for complex sample analysis.
PubMed: The impact of microbial ecology and chemical profile on the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process: a case study of Northern Wastewater Treatment Works, Johannesburg.
PubMed: Pretreatment of corn stover with diluted acetic acid for enhancement of acidogenic fermentation.
PubMed: Tomatoes cause under-arm odour.
PubMed: Characterization of the key aroma compounds in beef extract using aroma extract dilution analysis.
PubMed: Combining chemoinformatics with bioinformatics: in silico prediction of bacterial flavor-forming pathways by a chemical systems biology approach "reverse pathway engineering".
PubMed: Effects of wheat bran extract containing arabinoxylan oligosaccharides on gastrointestinal parameters in healthy preadolescent children.
PubMed: Gaseous pollutants emitted from a mechanical biological treatment plant for municipal solid waste: odor assessment and photochemical reactivity.
PubMed: Identification of Volatile Markers in Potato Brown Rot and Ring Rot by Combined GC-MS and PTR-MS Techniques: Study on in Vitro and in Vivo Samples.
PubMed: Sex-hormone dependent perception of androstenone suggests its involvement in communicating competition and aggression.
PubMed: Different impacts of short-chain fatty acids on saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in Aurantiochytrium sp. SD116.
PubMed: Characterization of the key aroma compounds in Bartlett pear brandies by means of the sensomics concept.
PubMed: Buckwheat honeys: screening of composition and properties.
PubMed: Lipid production for biofuels from hydrolyzate of waste activated sludge by heterotrophic Chlorella protothecoides.
PubMed: Identification of volatile compounds from a food-grade vinegar attractive to house flies (Diptera: Muscidae).
PubMed: Volatile biomarkers from human melanoma cells.
PubMed: Characterization of volatile components in makgeolli, a traditional Korean rice wine, with or without pasteurization, during storage.
PubMed: Study of the volatile compounds and odor-active compounds of dry-cured Iberian ham extracted by SPME.
PubMed: Volatile metabolites of pathogens: a systematic review.
PubMed: Fasting serum concentration of short-chain fatty acids in subjects with microscopic colitis and celiac disease: no difference compared with controls, but between genders.
PubMed: Cytotoxic (A549) and antimicrobial effects of Methylobacterium sp. isolate (ERI-135) from Nilgiris forest soil, India.
PubMed: Structures and reactions of compounds involved in pink discolouration of onion.
PubMed: Differentiation of complex vapor mixtures using versatile DNA-carbon nanotube chemical sensor arrays.
PubMed: Two new compounds from the metabolites of a marine-derived actinomycete Streptomyces cavourensis YY01-17.
PubMed: [Relationship between volatile fatty acids and Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in gingival crevicular fluids of patients with aggressive periodontitis].
PubMed: The effect of protease and nonstarch polysaccharide enzymes on manure odor and ammonia emissions from finisher pigs.
PubMed: The potential impact of washing machines on laundry malodour generation.
PubMed: Isolation and synthesis of falcitidin, a novel myxobacterial-derived acyltetrapeptide with activity against the malaria target falcipain-2.
PubMed: In-tube extraction and GC-MS analysis of volatile components from wild and cultivated sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. ssp. Carpatica) berry varieties and juice.
PubMed: Characterization of the formation of branched short-chain fatty acid:CoAs for bitter acid biosynthesis in hop glandular trichomes.
PubMed: [Clinical characteristics and analysis of mass spectrometric data in 33 patients with maple syrup urine disease].
PubMed: Genetic analysis of the metabolic pathways responsible for aroma metabolite production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed: [An attempt to degradation of anticancer drug and odor in the medical environment by photocatalyst].
PubMed: Characterization of aroma compounds in Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and olfactometry (GC-O).
PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Linum pubescens growing wild in Jordan.
PubMed: Removal of off-flavors from sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) extract by fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae.
PubMed: VFA and ammonia from residential food waste as indicators of odor potential.
PubMed: Molecular analysis of volatile metabolites released specifically by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
PubMed: Clinical utility of a novel colorimetric chair side test for oral malodour.
PubMed: Longitudinal study of volatile fatty acids in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis before and after nonsurgical therapy.
PubMed: Tentative identification of volatile flavor compounds in commercial Budu, a Malaysian fish sauce, using GC-MS.
PubMed: Odor compounds from different sources of landfill: characterization and source identification.
PubMed: Novel approach to test the relative recovery of liquid-phase standard in sorbent-tube analysis of gaseous volatile organic compounds.
PubMed: [Acute encephalopathy due to late-onset maple syrup urine disease in a school boy].
PubMed: A novel synthetic odorant blend for trapping of malaria and other African mosquito species.
PubMed: A bio-catalytic approach to aliphatic ketones.
PubMed: Rapid discrimination and characterization of vanilla bean extracts by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy and selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry.
PubMed: In vivo antidepressant activity of sesquiterpenes from the roots of Valeriana fauriei Briq.
PubMed: Production of volatile compounds by Lactobacillus sakei from branched chain α-keto acids.
PubMed: [Functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain activation in early period after olfactory adaptation].
PubMed: Enzymatic characterization and elucidation of the catalytic mechanism of a recombinant bovine glycine N-acyltransferase.
PubMed: Structural, vibrational and hyperpolarizability calculation of (E)-2-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-3-methylbutanoic acid.
PubMed: Continued exploration of biphenylsulfonamide scaffold as a platform for aggrecanase-1 inhibition.
PubMed: Effect of storage time and conditions on the diene valepotriates content of the extract of Valeriana glechomifolia obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide.
PubMed: Identification of potent odourants in wine and brewed coffee using gas chromatography-olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.
PubMed: A high dietary concentration of inulin is necessary to reduce the incidence of swine dysentery in pigs experimentally challenged with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae.
PubMed: Identification of fruity aroma-producing compounds from Chryseobacterium sp. isolated from the Western Ghats, India.
PubMed: Insecticidal effect and chemical composition of the volatile oil from Bergenia ligulata.
PubMed: Comparison of fermented soybean paste (Doenjang) prepared by different methods based on profiling of volatile compounds.
PubMed: Newborn screening for isovaleric acidemia using tandem mass spectrometry: data from 1.6 million newborns.
PubMed: Acid stress-mediated metabolic shift in Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis LSCE1.
PubMed: Short- and medium-chain fatty acids exhibit antimicrobial activity for oral microorganisms.
PubMed: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent antagonism in mammalian olfactory receptor neurons.
PubMed: Synthesis of dysideaproline E using organocatalysis.
PubMed: Molecular defect of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase in the skunk mutant of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
PubMed: Formation of isobutene from 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate by diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase.
PubMed: Volatile composition screening of Salix spp. nectar honey: benzenecarboxylic acids, norisoprenoids, terpenes, and others.
PubMed: NMR-based metabonomic analysis of the hepatotoxicity induced by combined exposure to PCBs and TCDD in rats.
PubMed: The effect of feeding essential oils on broiler performance and gut microbiota.
PubMed: Pilot-plant cultivation of Streptomyces griseus producing homologues of nonactin by precursor-directed biosynthesis and their identification by LC/MS-ESI.
PubMed: Chronic intermittent form of isovaleric acidemia mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis.
PubMed: Identification and formation of volatile components responsible for the characteristic aroma of mat rush (igusa).
PubMed: A novel duplication at the putative DNA polymerase alpha arrest site and a founder mutation in Chinese in the IVD gene underlie isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Prevotella fusca sp. nov. and Prevotella scopos sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity.
PubMed: Physiological functions of iso-type short-chain fatty acid and omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids containing oil in obese OLETF rats.
PubMed: Polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol-type derivatives including novel cage compounds from Hypericum erectum.
PubMed: In vitro and in vivo antineoplastic activity of a novel bromopyrrole and its potential mechanism of action.
PubMed: Functional optical hemodynamic imaging of the olfactory cortex in normosmia subjects and dysosmia subjects.
PubMed: HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis of body odor to test the efficacy of foot deodorant formulations.
PubMed: Odorant concentration dependence in electroolfactograms recorded from the human olfactory epithelium.
PubMed: Effects of dry-rolled or steam-flaked corn finishing diets with or without twenty-five percent dried distillers grains on ruminal fermentation and apparent total tract digestion.
PubMed: The effect of pH on anaerobic fermentation of primary sludge at room temperature.
PubMed: The effect of aliphatic carboxylic acids on olfaction-based host-seeking of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto.
PubMed: Nitrogen addition influences formation of aroma compounds, volatile acidity and ethanol in nitrogen deficient media fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains.
PubMed: Synthesis and evaluation of novel F-18 labeled fluoroarylvaline derivatives: potential PET imaging agents for tumor detection.
PubMed: Probiotic therapy to men with incipient arteriosclerosis initiates increased bacterial diversity in colon: a randomized controlled trial.
PubMed: Oxazoline-oxazinone oxidative rearrangement. divergent syntheses of (2S,3S)-4,4,4-trifluorovaline and (2S,4S)-5,5,5-Trifluoroleucine.
PubMed: Air sampling and analysis method for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to field-scale mortality composting operations.
PubMed: Distribution and development of the highly specialized lipids in the sound reception systems of dolphins.
PubMed: Isovaleric, methylmalonic, and propionic acid decrease anesthetic EC50 in tadpoles, modulate glycine receptor function, and interact with the lipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-Sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.
PubMed: Abnormal tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites in isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Detection of odorous compounds in breath.
PubMed: A selective matrix metalloprotease 12 inhibitor for potential treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): discovery of (S)-2-(8-(methoxycarbonylamino)dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-sulfonamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid (MMP408).
PubMed: Creatine administration prevents Na+,K+-ATPase inhibition induced by intracerebroventricular administration of isovaleric acid in cerebral cortex of young rats.
PubMed: Deodorization of swine manure slurry using horseradish peroxidase and peroxides.
PubMed: Effects of isovalerate on ruminal fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and digestibility in steers.
PubMed: Effects of elevated CO2 on grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.): volatile composition, phenolic content, and in vitro antioxidant activity of red wine.
PubMed: Top note compounds of Chinese traditional bacteria-fermented soybean.
PubMed: Changes in key aroma compounds of Criollo cocoa beans during roasting.
PubMed: Purification and characterization of antibacterial substances produced by a marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis strain.
PubMed: Salivary free radical-scavenging activity is affected by physical and mental activities.
PubMed: Characterization of volatile compounds contributing to naturally occurring fruity fermented flavor in peanuts.
PubMed: Prevotella histicola sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity.
PubMed: Induction of oxidative stress by the metabolites accumulating in isovaleric acidemia in brain cortex of young rats.
PubMed: Defining the typical aroma of sherry vinegar: sensory and chemical approach.
PubMed: Differences in odor-active compounds of trincadeira wines obtained from five different clones.
PubMed: Acute decompensation of isovaleric acidemia induced by Graves' disease.
PubMed: Different outcome in isovaleric acidemia might be related to unsatisfactory diet compliance.
PubMed: Field sampling method for quantifying odorants in humid environments.
PubMed: Environmental effects exceed genetic effects on perceived intensity and pleasantness of several odors: a three-population twin study.
PubMed: Generation of volatile fatty acids by axillary bacteria.
PubMed: Acquired multiple Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in 10 horses with atypical myopathy.
PubMed: Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory effects and composition of the volatile oil from the dried roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: Biochemical characterization of AtuD from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the first member of a new subgroup of acyl-CoA dehydrogenases with specificity for citronellyl-CoA.
PubMed: Investigation of a wide spectrum of inherited metabolic disorders by 13C NMR spectroscopy.
PubMed: Aroma components of American country ham.
PubMed: Essential oil composition of Valeriana officinalis L. roots cultivated in Iran. Comparative analysis between supercritical CO2 extraction and hydrodistillation.
PubMed: Identification of characteristic aroma components of Thai fried chili paste.
PubMed: Effects of phenolic monomers on the enzymes activities and volatile fatty acids production of Neocallimastix frontalis B9.
PubMed: Jonquetella anthropi gen. nov., sp. nov., the first member of the candidate phylum 'Synergistetes' isolated from man.
PubMed: Attractiveness of MM-X traps baited with human or synthetic odor to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in The Gambia.
PubMed: Genetic elucidation of human hyperosmia to isovaleric acid.
PubMed: Potential misdiagnosis of 3-methylcrotonyl-coenzyme A carboxylase deficiency associated with absent or trace urinary 3-methylcrotonylglycine.
PubMed: Recurrent attacks of status epilepticus as predominant symptom in 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency.
PubMed: Stable-isotope dilution measurement of isovalerylglycine by tandem mass spectrometry in newborn screening for isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Effect of dietary protein content on ileal amino acid digestibility, growth performance, and formation of microbial metabolites in ileal and cecal digesta of early-weaned pigs.
PubMed: Solid lipid nanoparticles formed by solvent-in-water emulsion-diffusion technique: development and influence on insulin stability.
PubMed: Synthesis of cyclic peptides and peptide libraries on a new disulfide linker.
PubMed: A framework for exploring functional variability in olfactory receptor genes.
PubMed: Effects of increasing the intake of dietary β-glucans by exchanging wheat for barley on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen excretion, intestinal microflora, volatile fatty acid concentration and manure ammonia emissions in finishing pigs.
PubMed: Different spectrum of mutations of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD) gene in Korean patients with isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Changes in key odorants of raw coffee beans during storage under defined conditions.
PubMed: Dietary supplementation with beta-glucan enriched oat bran increases faecal concentration of carboxylic acids in healthy subjects.
PubMed: A morphological and 13C NMR study of the extramandibular fat bodies of the striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba).
PubMed: Effects of olfactory stimulation with isovaleric acid on brain activation in informed and naïve conditions: a functional MRI study.
PubMed: Isovaleric acid reduces Na+, K+-ATPase activity in synaptic membranes from cerebral cortex of young rats.
PubMed: A sensitive liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of isovaleric and valeric acids in urine as fluorescent derivatives.
PubMed: Functional optical hemodynamic imaging of the olfactory cortex.
PubMed: Amino-acid depletion induced by abnormal amino-acid conjugation and protein restriction in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Changes in measures of biotin status do not reflect milk yield responses when dairy cows are fed supplemental biotin.
PubMed: Cytotoxicity of a Quinone-containing Cockroach Sex Pheromone in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells.
PubMed: Evaluation of zeolite for control of odorants emissions from simulated poultry manure storage.
PubMed: Odorant receptor map in the mouse olfactory bulb: in vivo sensitivity and specificity of receptor-defined glomeruli.
PubMed: Synthesis and antigenic analysis of the BclA glycoprotein oligosaccharide from the Bacillus anthracis exosporium.
PubMed: Olfactory mucosa-expressed organic anion transporter, Oat6, manifests high affinity interactions with odorant organic anions.
PubMed: Characterization of livestock odors using steel plates, solid-phase microextraction, and multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry.
PubMed: Experimental design to optimise the analysis of organic volatile compounds in cow slurry by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Genetic mutation profile of isovaleric acidemia patients in Taiwan.
PubMed: Ancient genomic architecture for mammalian olfactory receptor clusters.
PubMed: Novel iso-branched ether lipids as specific markers of developmental sporulation in the myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus.
PubMed: 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthase is involved in biosynthesis of isovaleryl-CoA in the myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus during fruiting body formation.
PubMed: Olfactory responses in a gustatory organ of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae.
PubMed: Uptake and transformation of pesticide metabolites by duckweed (Lemna gibba).
PubMed: Identification of the key aroma compounds in cocoa powder based on molecular sensory correlations.
PubMed: Identification of genes and proteins necessary for catabolism of acyclic terpenes and leucine/isovalerate in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
PubMed: 'Classical' organic acidurias, propionic aciduria, methylmalonic aciduria and isovaleric aciduria: long-term outcome and effects of expanded newborn screening using tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Breast feeding in organic acidaemias.
PubMed: Clostridium bartlettii sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.
PubMed: Foot odor due to microbial metabolism and its control.
PubMed: Manure composition of swine as affected by dietary protein and cellulose concentrations.
PubMed: Photodegradation of toluene over TiO(2-x)N(x) under visible light irradiation.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidemia: new aspects of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity.
PubMed: The atu and liu clusters are involved in the catabolic pathways for acyclic monoterpenes and leucine in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
PubMed: Identification of two novel pigment precursors and a reddish-purple pigment involved in the blue-green discoloration of onion and garlic.
PubMed: Monitoring Lactobacillus plantarum in grass silages with the aid of 16S rDNA-based quantitative real-time PCR assays.
PubMed: First-pass hydrolysis of a propranolol ester derivative in rat small intestine.
PubMed: Interaction of carboxylic acids with chitosan: effect of pK and hydrocarbon chain length.
PubMed: Methylcrotonyl-CoA and geranyl-CoA carboxylases are involved in leucine/isovalerate utilization (Liu) and acyclic terpene utilization (Atu), and are encoded by liuB/liuD and atuC/atuF, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
PubMed: Biosynthesis and identification of volatiles released by the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca.
PubMed: Identification based on quantitative measurements and aroma recombination of the character impact odorants in a Bavarian Pilsner-type beer.
PubMed: Aroma composition of red wines by different extraction methods and Gas Chromatography-SIM/MASS spectrometry analysis.
PubMed: Volatile compounds from anal glands of the wolverine, Gulo gulo.
PubMed: Identification of 19 new metabolites induced by abnormal amino acid conjugation in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Biosynthesis of iso-fatty acids in myxobacteria.
PubMed: Characterization of odorants causing an atypical aroma in white pepper powder (Piper nigrum L.) based on quantitative measurements and orthonasal breakthrough thresholds.
PubMed: Cognitive modulation of olfactory processing.
PubMed: The influence of microbial metabolites on human intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro.
PubMed: [Application of tandem mass spectrometry in diagnosis of organic acidemias].
PubMed: Characteristic volatiles from young and aged fruiting bodies of wild Polyporus sulfureus (Bull.:Fr.) Fr.
PubMed: Breastfeeding experience in inborn errors of metabolism other than phenylketonuria.
PubMed: Simultaneous retention index analysis of urinary amino acids and carboxylic acids for graphic recognition of abnormal state.
PubMed: Morphological and biochemical perturbations in rat erythrocytes following in vitro exposure to Fenvalerate and its metabolite.
PubMed: Effect of design parameters in horizontal flow constructed wetland on the behaviour of volatile fatty acids and volatile alkylsulfides.
PubMed: Aroma impact components in commercial plain sufu.
PubMed: Statistical total correlation spectroscopy: an exploratory approach for latent biomarker identification from metabolic 1H NMR data sets.
PubMed: Branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis in a branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase mutant of Staphylococcus carnosus.
PubMed: Stable isotope dilution analysis of wine fermentation products by HS-SPME-GC-MS.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidemia diagnosed promptly by tandem mass spectrometry: report of one case.
PubMed: Thermosipho atlanticus sp. nov., a novel member of the Thermotogales isolated from a Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vent.
PubMed: Fatty acid production from amino acids and alpha-keto acids by Brevibacterium linens BL2.
PubMed: Could valerian have been the first anticonvulsant?
PubMed: A common mutation is associated with a mild, potentially asymptomatic phenotype in patients with isovaleric acidemia diagnosed by newborn screening.
PubMed: Effect of ascorbate, nitrate and nitrite on the amount of flavour compounds produced from leucine by Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus carnosus.
PubMed: Separation and conductimetric detection of C1-C7 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and C1-C7 aliphatic monoamines on unfunctionized polymethacrylate resin columns.
PubMed: Application of polymethacrylate resin as stationary phase in liquid chromatography with UV detection for C1-C7 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and C1-C7 aliphatic monoamines.
PubMed: Synthesis of flavor and fragrance esters using Candida antarctica lipase.
PubMed: Use of headspace solid-phase microextraction to characterize odour compounds in subsurface flow constructed wetland for wastewater treatment.
PubMed: Effect of the fungal protease EPg222 on the sensory characteristics of dry fermented sausage "salchichón" ripened with commercial starter cultures.
PubMed: 13C NMR chemical shifts of the triclinic and monoclinic crystal forms of valinomycin.
PubMed: Immobilization of lipases on different carriers and their use in synthesis of pentyl isovalerates.
PubMed: Catabolism of leucine to branched-chain fatty acids in Staphylococcus xylosus.
PubMed: Exceptional chiral recognition of racemic carboxylic acids by calix[4]arenes bearing optically pure alpha,beta-amino alcohol groups.
PubMed: Study on the organoleptic intensity scale for measuring oral malodor.
PubMed: Isovaleric acid accumulation in odontocete melon during development.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidaemia: cranial CT and MRI findings.
PubMed: Kinetics of thermophilic, anaerobic oxidation of straight and branched chain butyrate and valerate.
PubMed: Acute metabolic decompensation in an adult patient with isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Attractiveness of fruit and flower odorants detected by olfactory receptor neurons in the fruit chafer Pachnoda marginata.
PubMed: Altering soluble and potentially rumen degradable protein for prepubertal Holstein heifers.
PubMed: [Analysis of the constituents of essential oils from Sambucus chinensis].
PubMed: Synthesis of ethyl isovalerate using Rhizomucor miehei lipase: optimization.
PubMed: High concentrations of isovaleric acid in the fats of odontocetes: variation and patterns of accumulation in blubber vs. stability in the melon.
PubMed: Second case of a successful pregnancy in maternal isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Investigation of the change in the flavor of a coffee drink during heat processing.
PubMed: Glucose but Not Polypeptone Reduces the Effect of Probiotic Preparations to Stimulate Carbohydrate Breakdown and Reduce Net Ammonia Production by Pig Cecal Bacteria In Vitro.
PubMed: Pharmacokinetics and interactions of a novel antagonist of chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) with ritonavir in rats and monkeys: role of CYP3A and P-glycoprotein.
PubMed: Volatile components and aroma active compounds in aqueous essence and fresh pink guava fruit puree (Psidium guajava L.) by GC-MS and multidimensional GC/GC-O.
PubMed: Specific anosmia to isovaleric acid in laboratory C57BL/6 mice: recessive inheritance.
PubMed: Biosynthesis of the lipophilic side chain in the cyclic hexadepsipeptide antibiotic IC101.
PubMed: Flavor composition of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) and marmeleiro (Croton species) honeys.
PubMed: Autonomic nervous system responses to odours: the role of pleasantness and arousal.
PubMed: Quantitation of odor-active compounds in rye flour and rye sourdough using stable isotope dilution assays.
PubMed: Volatile chemicals identified in extracts from newly hybrid citrus, dekopon (Shiranuhi mandarin Suppl. J.).
PubMed: [Study on difference in olfactory response in dysosmia patients].
PubMed: The cefT gene of Acremonium chrysogenum C10 encodes a putative multidrug efflux pump protein that significantly increases cephalosporin C production.
PubMed: Cloning and inactivation of a branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase gene from Staphylococcus carnosus and characterization of the enzyme.
PubMed: Comparison of lipids in selected tissues of the Florida manatee (Order Sirenia) and bottlenose dolphin (Order Cetacea; Suborder Odontoceti).
PubMed: Response of forage fiber degradation by ruminal microorganisms to branched-chain volatile fatty acids, amino acids, and dipeptides.
PubMed: A novel biosynthetic pathway providing precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis and secondary metabolite formation in myxobacteria.
PubMed: Purification and characterization of a Galactomyces reessii hydratase that converts 3-methylcrotonic acid to 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid.
PubMed: Branched-chain organic acidurias.
PubMed: Optimization of headspace solid-phase Microextraction (SPME) for the odor analysis of surface-ripened cheese.
PubMed: Effect of glucose, maltose, soluble starch, and CO2 on the growth of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus.
PubMed: Sensory and chemical changes in tomato sauces during storage.
PubMed: The role of poly-hydroxy-alkanoate form in determining the response of enhanced biological phosphorus removal biomass to volatile fatty acids.
PubMed: Determination of semivolatile compounds in Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) by supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Total synthesis of nor-1,6-germacradien-5-ols.
PubMed: Characterization of plasma acylcarnitines in patients under valproate monotherapy using ESI-MS/MS.
PubMed: Growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and fecal odorous compounds in growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing hydrolyzed feather meal.
PubMed: Conversion of L-leucine to isovaleric acid by Propionibacterium freudenreichii TL 34 and ITGP23.
PubMed: The olfactory receptor gene superfamily of the mouse.
PubMed: [Chemical constituents of essential oil from roots and rhizomes of Valeriana alernifolia Bunge].
PubMed: Electroantennogram and behavioural responses of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae to human-specific sweat components.
PubMed: Determination of key aroma compounds in the crumb of a three-stage sourdough rye bread by stable isotope dilution assays and sensory studies.
PubMed: Thermoanaerobacter yonseiensis sp. nov., a novel extremely thermophilic, xylose-utilizing bacterium that grows at up to 85 degrees C.
PubMed: Ethanol hypersensitivity and olfactory discrimination defect in mice lacking a homolog of Drosophila neuralized.
PubMed: Thapsia garganica L: a poisonous plant of North Africa.
PubMed: [Acidemia, isovaleric].
PubMed: A biochemical hypothesis explaining the response of enhanced biological phosphorus removal biomass to organic substrates.
PubMed: C1-C5 organic acid emissions from an SI engine: influence of fuel and air/fuel equivalence ratio.
PubMed: Porphyromonas gulae sp. nov., an anaerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus from the gingival sulcus of various animal hosts.
PubMed: meso-N,N'-oxalyldivaline.
PubMed: Detection of inherited metabolic disorders via tandem mass spectrometry in Thai infants.
PubMed: Synthesis of N4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-L-asparagine analogues. n-Butyramide, 3-chloropropionamide, 3-aminopropionamide, and isovaleramide analogues.
PubMed: Evaluation of individual components of plum odor as potential attractants for adult plum curculios.
PubMed: Odorant-induced hyperpolarization and suppression of cAMP-activated current in newt olfactory receptor neurons.
PubMed: High performance liquid chromatography analysis of D-penicillamine by derivatization with N-(1-pyrenyl)maleimide (NPM).
PubMed: Odorant molecular length: one aspect of the olfactory code.
PubMed: Evaluation of diet as a cause of gastric ulcers in horses.
PubMed: Evaluation of urinary acylglycines by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry in mitochondrial energy metabolism defects and organic acidurias.
PubMed: Exon skipping in IVD RNA processing in isovaleric acidemia caused by point mutations in the coding region of the IVD gene.
PubMed: Mitochondrial import and processing of wild type and type III mutant isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase.
PubMed: Similarities in the aroma chemistry of Gewürztraminer variety wines and lychee (Litchi chinesis sonn.) fruit.
PubMed: Factors influencing leucine catabolism by a strain of Staphylococcus carnosus.
PubMed: Probiotic preparations dose-dependently increase net production rates of organic acids and decrease that of ammonia by pig cecal bacteria in batch culture.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidemia with promyelocytic myeloproliferative syndrome.
PubMed: Deconvolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of urinary organic acids--potential for pattern recognition and automated identification of metabolic disorders.
PubMed: Identification of the key odorants in barley malt (caramalt) using GC/MS techniques and odour dilution analyses.
PubMed: Influence of chain ordering on the selectivity of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer membranes for permeant size and shape.
PubMed: Functional MR imaging of regional brain responses to pleasant and unpleasant odors.
PubMed: Methylation of FrzCD defines a discrete step in the developmental program of Myxococcus xanthus.
PubMed: Diagnosis of isovaleric acidaemia by tandem mass spectrometry: false positive result due to pivaloylcarnitine in a newborn screening programme.
PubMed: Characterization of hemoglobin adducts from a 4, 4'-methylenedianiline metabolite evidently produced by peroxidative oxidation in vivo.
PubMed: Volatile fatty acid, metabolic by-product of periodontopathic bacteria, induces apoptosis in WEHI 231 and RAJI B lymphoma cells and splenic B cells.
PubMed: [Isovaleric acidemia].
PubMed: Improvement in exercise tolerance in isovaleric acidaemia with L-carnitine therapy.
PubMed: Histone deacetylase inhibitors up-regulate the expression of cell surface MHC class-I molecules in B16/BL6 cells.
PubMed: Enzyme analyses demonstrate that beta-methylbutyric acid is converted to beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyric acid via the leucine catabolic pathway by galactomyces reessii
PubMed: Malignant ventricular dysrhythmias in a patient with isovaleric acidemia receiving general and local anesthesia for suction lipectomy.
PubMed: [Carnitine deficiency in inborn errors of metabolism].
PubMed: Stridor as the major presenting symptom in riboflavin-responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency.
PubMed: [Application of gas chromatography to identification of Clostridium difficile].
PubMed: Pemenone and androstenone do not cross-adapt reciprocally.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidemia: response to a leucine load after three weeks of supplementation with glycine, L-carnitine, and combined glycine-carnitine therapy.
PubMed: Lessons from the late diagnosis of isovaleric acidemia in a five-year-old boy.
PubMed: Effect of carnitine administration on glycine metabolism in patients with isovaleric acidemia: significance of acetylcarnitine determination to estimate the proper carnitine dose.
PubMed: Effect of deaerated water on serum biochemical values and on the cecum concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the rat.
PubMed: Odor discrimination of "IP3-" and "cAMP-increasing" odorants in the turtle olfactory bulb.
PubMed: Stratification and age-related differences in blubber fatty acids of the male harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena).
PubMed: Isovaleric acidemia appearing as diabetic ketoacidosis.
PubMed: [Effects of the Prevotella intermedia culture filtrate and short-chain fatty acids on human polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions].
PubMed: Simple isotope dilution assay for propionic acid and isovaleric acid.
PubMed: The genetic basis for specific anosmia to isovaleric acid in the mouse.
PubMed: Liquid chromatographic-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric analysis of glycine conjugates and urinary isovalerylglycine in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Enhanced sensitivity to androstenone following regular exposure to pemenone.
PubMed: Prenatal diagnosis of isovaleric acidaemia by enzyme and metabolite assay in the first and second trimesters.
PubMed: Effect of Pediococcus pentosaceus FBB61, pediocin A producer strain, in caecal fermentations.
PubMed: Dried sausages fermented with Staphylococcus xylosus at different temperatures and with different ingredient levels - Part III. Sensory evaluation.
PubMed: Calcium modulates the rapid kinetics of the odorant-induced cyclic AMP signal in rat olfactory cilia.
PubMed: Inhibitory K+ current activated by odorants in toad olfactory neurons.
PubMed: Involvement of erythrocyte calpain in glycine- and carnitine-treated isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Perceptual characteristics of binary, trinary, and quaternary odor mixtures consisting of unpleasant constituents.
PubMed: Individual differences in the perceived intensity and quality of specific odors following self- and cross-adaptation.
PubMed: Enhancement of the turtle olfactory responses to fatty acids by treatment of olfactory epithelium with phosphatidylserine.
PubMed: Evaluation of fermentability of acid-treated maize husk by rat caecal bacteria in vivo and in vitro.
PubMed: An approach to sequence-specific antibody proteases. The use of haptens mimicking both a transition state and a distorted ground state.
PubMed: Intravenous L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine in medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency and isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Severe CNS bleeding followed by a good clinical outcome in the acute neonatal form of isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Influence of galactooligosaccharides on the human fecal microflora.
PubMed: Renal handling of carnitine in secondary carnitine deficiency disorders.
PubMed: Effects of transgalactosylated disaccharides on the human intestinal microflora and their metabolism.
PubMed: Induction of olfactory receptor sensitivity in mice.
PubMed: Quantification of carnitine and specific acylcarnitines by high-performance liquid chromatography: application to normal human urine and urine from patients with methylmalonic aciduria, isovaleric acidemia or medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.
PubMed: Effect of increasing ruminal butyrate on milk yield and blood constituents in dairy cows fed a grass silage-based diet.
PubMed: Activity of the AIB factor observed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms.
PubMed: Cleavage and deprotection of peptides on MBHA-resin with hydrogen bromide.
PubMed: Survey of conformational role of ester bonds in a cyclic depsipeptide. Study on cyclo(-L-Ala-L-Hmb-)2 by energy calculation and NMR spectroscopy.
PubMed: The variant human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene responsible for type II isovaleric acidemia determines an RNA splicing error, leading to the deletion of the entire second coding exon and the production of a truncated precursor protein that interacts poorly with mitochondrial import receptors.
PubMed: Alloisoleucine in isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Identification of the molecular defects responsible for the various genotypes of isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: [Phenotypic expression variation of isovaleric acidemia in Argentinian patients. A long term follow-up].
PubMed: Prenatal diagnosis of isovaleric acidemia by fast atom bombardment and tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Analysis of characteristic odors from human male axillae.
PubMed: Molecular characterization of four different classes of mutations in the isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene responsible for isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: The laboratory identification of gram-positive anaerobic cocci.
PubMed: Odorant-sensitive adenylate cyclase: rapid, potent activation and desensitization in primary olfactory neuronal cultures.
PubMed: Long-term L-carnitine treatment in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Acute neonatal isovaleric acidaemia presented without acidosis or ketonuria.
PubMed: Digesta kinetics, ruminal fermentation characteristics and serum metabolites of pregnant and lactating ewes fed chopped alfalfa hay.
PubMed: Tetrachloroethene transformation to trichloroethene and cis-1,2-dichloroethene by sulfate-reducing enrichment cultures.
PubMed: Comparison of the sensitivity of C57BL/6J and AKR/J mice to airborne molecules of isovaleric acid and amyl acetate.
PubMed: Elucidation of chemical compounds responsible for foot malodour.
PubMed: [Acute poisoning with ethylene glycol esters].
PubMed: [Alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors and their effect on major enzymatic systems involved in oxidation of aliphatic alcohols].
PubMed: Nucleotide sequence of messenger RNA encoding human isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and its expression in isovaleric acidemia fibroblasts.
PubMed: Attraction ofOryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) andOryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) to some common volatiles of food.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidemia: personal history, clinical survey and study of the molecular basis.
PubMed: [The direct detection of volatile fatty acids by gas chromatography in microbiological diagnosis].
PubMed: Fate of leucine in the biosynthesis of bakuchiol, a meroterpene from Psoralea corylifolia.
PubMed: [Biotinidase deficiency: a congenital metabolic disease which can be successfully treatment with vitamin H].
PubMed: [Isovaleric acidemia].
PubMed: Effect of the combination of monensin and isoacids on rumen fermentation in vitro.
PubMed: A study of chemoreception based on membrane fluidity and circular dichroism of a membrane assembly model--role of protein penetrating into the lipid bilayer.
PubMed: Rapid presumptive diagnosis of anaerobic infections in animals by gas-liquid chromatography.
PubMed: Volatile fatty acid uptake and propionate metabolism in ruminant hepatocytes.
PubMed: A comparative study of 2-deoxyglucose patterns of glomerular activation in the olfactory bulbs of C57 BL/6J and AKR/J mice.
PubMed: Birthweights in the Faroe Islands: possible role of isovaleric acid.
PubMed: Physiological studies on the growth and utilization of sugars by Listeria species.
PubMed: Preparation of fecal samples for assay of volatile fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed: [The effect of intravenous administration of butyrate, isobutyrate and isovalerate to lambs aged 8-45 days on the blood plasma content of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and total alpha-amino-N].
PubMed: [Age-related changes in the olfactory sensitivity of laboratory mice].
PubMed: [Experimental pharmacologic and morphologic study of new platinum complexes].
PubMed: [The constituents of C21-steroids from Dregea sinensis var. corrugata].
PubMed: Novel linear antagonists of the antidiuretic (V2) and vasopressor (V1) responses to vasopressin.
PubMed: Application of continuous-flow liquid chromatography/fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry to the analysis of diagnostic acylcarnitines in human urine.
PubMed: Glutaric acidemia type II. Comparison of pathologic features in two infants.
PubMed: Influence of metabolic and physical factors on production of diacetoxyscirpenol by Fusarium sambucinum Fuckel.
PubMed: Characterization of skin-surface lipids from the monkey (Macaca fascicularis).
PubMed: Acute and chronic-intermittent isovaleric acidemia: diagnosis and glycine therapy.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidemia: medical and neurodevelopmental effects of long-term therapy.
PubMed: The treatment of isovaleric acidemia with glycine supplement.
PubMed: [Isovaleric acidemia].
PubMed: Nutritional requirements of Methanomicrobium mobile.
PubMed: Preparation of a Cell-Free, Isobutene-Forming System from Rhodotorula minuta.
PubMed: Molecular basis of isovaleric acidemia and the study of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
PubMed: [Spatial distribution of electrical responses in the olfactory epithelium of mice].
PubMed: Isovaleric acidaemia in a premature infant: diagnosis and treatment.
PubMed: A Scandinavian case of isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Feeding related lateral hypothalamic neuron responses to odors depend on food deprivation in rats.
PubMed: Endogenous catabolism as source of toxic metabolites in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Specificity of spatial patterns of glomerular activation in the mouse olfactory bulb: computer-assisted image analysis of 2-deoxyglucose autoradiograms.
PubMed: Renin inhibitors. Design of angiotensinogen transition-state analogues containing novel. (2R,3R,4R,5S)-5-amino-3,4-dihydroxy-2-isopropyl-7-methyloctanoic acid.
PubMed: Protein origin of the volatile fatty acids isobutyrate and isovalerate in human stool.
PubMed: [Specific anosmia to isovaleric acid in the peripheral portion of the olfactory analyzer of the laboratory mouse].
PubMed: Molecular basis of isovaleric acidemia and medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.
PubMed: The odorant-sensitive adenylate cyclase of olfactory receptor cells. Differential stimulation by distinct classes of odorants.
PubMed: Characterization of Flavobacterium species by analysis of volatile fatty acid production.
PubMed: Fanconi syndrome in a patient with a variant of isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Differential metabolism of fenvalerate and granuloma formation. II. Toxicological significance of a lipophilic conjugate from fenvalerate.
PubMed: Analysis of volatile free fatty acids in human urine by capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Stable isotope dilution analysis of isovalerylglycine in amniotic fluid and urine and its application for the prenatal diagnosis of isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: [The effect of intravenous administration of butyrate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and capronate on the blood plasma levels in sheep of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and total alpha-amino-nitrogen].
PubMed: [The effect of intravenous administration of butyrate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and capronate to calves, young cattle and cattle on the blood plasma levels of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and total alpha-amino-nitrogen].
PubMed: The response to L-carnitine and glycine therapy in isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Early identification of isovaleric aciduria using photodiode array detection for liquid chromatographic profiling of urinary carboxylic acids.
PubMed: Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity in isovaleric acidemia fibroblasts using an improved tritium release assay.
PubMed: Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of steers fed diets containing ammonium salts of the branched-chain fatty acids and valeric acid.
PubMed: Supplementation of dairy cow diets with ammonium salts of volatile fatty acids.
PubMed: Influence of methionine hydroxy analog and DL-methionine on rumen protozoa and volatile fatty acids.
PubMed: Use of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in detection and study of organic acidurias.
PubMed: Molecular heterogeneity of variant isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase from cultured isovaleric acidemia fibroblasts.
PubMed: Catalytic defect of medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. Lack of both cofactor responsiveness and biochemical heterogeneity in eight patients.
PubMed: [Neonatal form of isovaleric acidemia. Apropos of a new case].
PubMed: Rumen fermentation characteristics, nitrogen balance and growth in lambs fed methane digester effluent.
PubMed: Identification of metabolites diagnostic for organic acidurias by simultaneous dual-column capillary gas chromatography.
PubMed: Photosynthesis involvement in the mechanism of action of diphenyl ether herbicides.
PubMed: Short-chain fatty acids in the small-bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome.
PubMed: Alanine decreases the protein requirements of infants with inborn errors of amino acid metabolism.
PubMed: Amino acids of the Murchison meteorite: II. Five carbon acyclic primary beta-, gamma-, and delta-amino alkanoic acids.
PubMed: Influences of cold exposure on digestion of organic matter, rates of passage of digesta in the gastrointestinal tract, and feeding and rumination behaviour in sheep given four forage diets in the chopped, or ground and pelleted form.
PubMed: L-carnitine and glycine therapy in isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: [Effect of the intravenous infusion of butyrate, isobutyrate and isovalerate on the blood serum levels of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and total alpha-amino-N in sheep under conditions of adequate feeding and after an 8-day fast].
PubMed: L-carnitine therapy in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Urinary excretion of l-carnitine and acylcarnitines by patients with disorders of organic acid metabolism: evidence for secondary insufficiency of l-carnitine.
PubMed: Alternative pathways for biosynthesis of leucine and other amino acids in Bacteroides ruminicola and Bacteroides fragilis.
PubMed: Genetic complementation analysis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase deficiency in cultured fibroblasts.
PubMed: A simple method of determining 4-hydroxyisovaleric acid and its level in a patient with isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Volatile compounds from ponerine ants in the genusMesoponera.
PubMed: [Comparative studies of the digestibility of wheat straw pellets with different proportions of concentrated feed in sheep and bulls. 2. Rumen fermentation studies].
PubMed: Receptor cell responses to odorants: similarities and differences among odorants.
PubMed: Detection of Clostridium difficile in faeces by direct gas liquid chromatography.
PubMed: Neonatal lethargy due to isovaleric acidemia and hyperammonemia.
PubMed: Hudson memorial lecture. Neonatal management of organic acidurias. Clinical update.
PubMed: Long term outcome of organic acidurias: survey of 105 French cases (1967-1983).
PubMed: Hyperammonaemia in a preterm infant with isovaleric acidaemia.
PubMed: Growth and end product formation of two psychrotrophic Lactobacillus spp. and Brochothrix thermosphacta ATCC 11509T at different pH values and temperatures.
PubMed: Role of N-acetylglutamate and acetyl-CoA in the inhibition of ureagenesis by isovaleric acid in isolated rat hepatocytes.
PubMed: Complementation studies of isovaleric acidemia and glutaric aciduria type II using cultured skin fibroblasts.
PubMed: Isovalerylglucuronide, a new urinary metabolite in isovaleric acidemia. Identification problems due to rearrangement reactions.
PubMed: 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria in two infants.
PubMed: N-Isovalerylalanine and N-isovalerylsarcosine: two new minor metabolites in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Organic acids or urine in multiple sclerosis.
PubMed: Partial purification and characterization of two enzymes involved in isovaleric acid synthesis in Clostridium bifermentans.
PubMed: Profiles of urinary volatiles from metabolic disorders characterized by unusual odors.
PubMed: Treatment of epileptic patients with valproic acid does not modify plasma and urine short-chain-fatty acids.
PubMed: [Isovaleric aciduria].
PubMed: Response characteristics of lateral hypothalamic neurons to odors in unanesthetized rabbits.
PubMed: Effects of ammonia and organic acids on the intradental sensory nerve activity.
PubMed: [Volatile fatty acids in the rumen of sheep fed a synthetic diet].
PubMed: Organic aciduria associated with isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Subcellular location of enzymes involved in leucine dissimilation in Clostridium bifermentans.
PubMed: Choleretic effect of structural analogs of valproic acid in the rat.
PubMed: Mechanism of depsipeptide formation catalyzed by enniatin synthetase.
PubMed: Inherited metabolic diseases: advances in delineation, diagnosis, and treatment.
PubMed: Organic acids and anaerobic microorganisms in the contents of the cholesteatoma sac.
PubMed: [Isovaleric acidemia: identical biochemical picture in 3 patients with variable clinical manifestations].
PubMed: C6-C10-dicarboxylic aciduria: investigations of a patient with riboflavin responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation defects.
PubMed: The tracing of the pathway of mevalonate's metabolism to other than sterols.
PubMed: Microflora and volatile fatty acids present in inguinal pouches of the wild rabbit,Oryctolagus cuniculus, in Australia.
PubMed: Direct quantitative determination of acidic end products in clinical specimens for presumptive diagnosis of anaerobic infections.
PubMed: Changing plasma and urinary organic acid levels in a patient with isovaleric acidemia during an attack.
PubMed: Gas-liquid chromatography of positive blood cultures for rapid presumptive diagnosis of anaerobic bacteremia.
PubMed: Nonenzymic protein modification: a general phenomenon?
PubMed: Effect of a valine load test on plasma alpha-keto acids in Friedreich ataxia.
PubMed: A mechanism of toxicity of isovaleric acid in rat liver mitochondria.
PubMed: Leucine dissimilation to isovaleric and isocaproic acids by cell suspensions of amino acid fermenting anaerobes: the Stickland reaction revisited.
PubMed: Volatile components of the occipital gland secretion of the bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus).
PubMed: Evidence of a thiamine deficiency in sheep fed maize silage.
PubMed: Hyperammonemia secondary to hereditary organic acidurias: a study of 29 cases.
PubMed: Correlation between blood ammonia concentration and organic acid accumulation in isovaleric and propionic acidemia.
PubMed: Neonatal isovaleric acidemia associated with hyperammonemia.
PubMed: Isovaleric acidaemia presenting with dwarfism, cataract and congenital abnormalities.
PubMed: Larval osmeterial secretions of the swallowtails (Papilio).
PubMed: The microbiology of the human axilla and its relationship to axillary odor.
PubMed: Isovalericacidemia appearing as diabetic ketoacidosis.
PubMed: Excretion of N-isovalerylglutamic acid in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: A novel approach for heavy metal poisoning treatment, a model. Mercury poisoning by means of chelating microspheres: hemoperfusion and oral administration.
PubMed: The antagonism of the toxicity of hypoglycin by glycine.
PubMed: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate- yielding pathways of branched-chain amino acid fermentation by a marine spirochete.
PubMed: In vitro conversion of leucine to valine: configurational assignment of [5-13C]leucines.
PubMed: Blood levels of branched-chain alpha-keto acids in uremia: effect of an oral glucose tolerance test.
PubMed: Effect of monensin on the fermentation of basal rations in the Rumen Simulation Technique (Rusitec).
PubMed: 3-Hydroxyisoheptanoic acid: a new metabolite in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Cerebellar hemorrhage complicating isovaleric acidemia: a case report.
PubMed: New metabolites in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: [Oscillographic polarography of the alkaloid dolicotheline and several related imidazole derivatives].
PubMed: Neonatal glutaric aciduria type II: an X-linked recessive inherited disorder.
PubMed: [Biochemistry of the evolutive cycle of Triatoma infestans (vinchuca). V. Volatile fatty acids emission].
PubMed: Pharmacological studies on iridoid compounds. II. Relationship between structures and choleretic actions of iridoid compound.
PubMed: Studies of the glycine metabolism in a patient with D-glyceric acidemia and hyperglycinemia.
PubMed: [Comparative study of the biochemical characteristics of hemolytic treponemes isolated from pigs].
PubMed: The pancytopenia of isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Lindane degradation by cell-free extracts of Clostridium rectum.
PubMed: Characterization of Clostridium difficile and its differentiation from Clostridium sporogenes by automatic head-space gas chromatography.
PubMed: Excretion pattern of branched-chain amino acid metabolites during the course of acute infections in a patient with methylmalonic acidaemia.
PubMed: Biochemical studies in a patient with defects in the metabolism of acyl-CoA and sarcosine: another possible case of glutaric aciduria type II.
PubMed: Studies on the role of beta-cell metabolism in the insulinotropic effect of alpha-ketoisocaproic acid.
PubMed: Inhibition of the glycine cleavage system by branched-chain amino acid metabolites.
PubMed: Isotachophoretic analysis of isovalerylglycine in urine of a patient with isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Wound healing properties of naphthaquinone pigments from Alkanna tinctoria.
PubMed: Glycine therapy in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: Production of branched-chain volatile fatty acids by certain anaerobic bacteria.
PubMed: New bromisoval (bromural) metabolites in human urine: alpha-(cystein-S-yl)isovalerylurea, alpha-(N-acetylcystein-S-yl)isovalerylurea and alpha-(cysteamin-S-yl)isovaleric acid.
PubMed: Organic aciduria in hypoxic premature newborns simulating an inborn error of metabolism.
PubMed: Presumptive diagnosis of anaerobic bacteremia by gas-liquid chromatography of blood cultures.
PubMed: Skin surface lipids of the dog.
PubMed: Stereoselectivity and stereospecificity of the alpha,beta-dihydroxyacid dehydratase from Salmonella typhimurium.
PubMed: [Serum isovaleric acid in a young infant].
PubMed: Effects of branched-chain amino acid antagonism in the rat on tissue amino acid and keto acid concentrations.
PubMed: Heterogeneity in maple syrup urine disease: aspects of cofactor requirement and complementation in cultured fibroblasts.
PubMed: Specific anosmia in the laboratory mouse.
PubMed: Benzoyl cyanide in the defensive secretion of polydesmoid millipeds.
PubMed: Tetrahydrofolate and other growth requirements of certain strains of Ruminococcus flavefaciens.
PubMed: [Pharmacokinetic studies following administration of 14 C-D-penicillamine to rats].
PubMed: Alterations in volatile free fatty acids of blood after hepatectomy.
PubMed: Multiple acyl-coenzyme A carboxylases in Pseudomonas citronellolis.
PubMed: [Variations in the pattern of ruminal volatile free fatty acids, acetoacetate and glucose in the blood plasma of lactating cows after a period of fasting and renewed feeding].
PubMed: Metabolism of [1-(14)C] and [2-(14)C] leucine in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with isovaleric acidemia. Characterization of metabolic defects.
PubMed: Gluconeogenesis in isolated intact lamb liver cells. Effects of glucagon and butyrate.
PubMed: The encephalopathic action of five-carbon-atom fatty acids in the rabbit.
PubMed: Positional analysis of isovaleroyl triglycerides using proton magnetic resonance with Eu(fod)3 and Pr(fod)3 shift reagents: II. Cetacean triglycerides.
PubMed: Variations in lipid composition and sound velocity in melon from the North Atlantic Pilot whale, globicephala melaena melaena.
PubMed: Therapeutic effects of glycine in isovaleric acidemia.
PubMed: The effect of selenium or vitamin E supplementation on volatile fatty acid content of rumen liquor in sheep fed a purified diet.
PubMed: Brain lipids from the porpoise (Delphinus delphis). Phosphoglycerides rich in isovaleric acid and long-chain iso-acids.
PubMed: Maple syrup urine disease: analysis of branched chain ketoacid decarboxylation in cultured fibroblasts.
PubMed: A short-chain acyl-CoA: 1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol acyltrasnferase from a microsomal fraction of the rabbit Harderian gland.
PubMed: Positional analysis of isovaleroyl triglycerides using proton magnetic resonance with Eu (fod) 3 and Pr (fod) 3 shift reagents: I. Model compounds.
PubMed: Isovaleric acid as a precursor of odd numbered iso fatty acids in Tetrahymena.
PubMed: Mammalian pheromone: identification of active component in the subauricular scent of the male pronghorn.
PubMed: Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols containing isovaleric acid.
PubMed: Lipid biosynthesis and increase in isovaleric acid of plasma.
PubMed: Triacylglycerols characteristic of porpoise acoustic tissues: molecular structures of diisovaleroylglycerides.
PubMed: Isolation and identification of an alkyldiacylglycerol containing isovaleric acid.
PubMed: Isovaleric and -methylbutyric acidemias induced by hypoglycin A: mechanism of Jamaican vomiting sickness.
PubMed: Hypoglycin A: a specific inhibitor of isovaleryl CoA dehydrogenase.
PubMed: Ester and ether-linked lipids in the mandibular canal of a porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). Occurrence of isovaleric acid in glycerolipids.
PubMed: Volatile fatty acid requirements of cellulolytic rumen bacteria.
PubMed: Conversion of alpha-keto-isovaleric acid oxime and isobutyraldoxime to linamarin in flax seedlings.
PubMed: Metabolic fates of isovaleric acid and isovalthine in rats.
PubMed: Characterization of several bovine rumen bacteria isolated with a xylan medium.
PubMed: On the carbon origin of isovaleric acid residue of urinary isovalthine.
PubMed: [On the origin of isovaleric acid in magnamycin].
PubMed: Experimental isovalthinuria. I. Experiment with isovaleric acid-1-C14.
PubMed: Experimental isovalthinuria. I. Induction by isovaleric acid.
PubMed: The hypoglycaemic effect of leucine and isovaleric acid.
PubMed: Studies on the utilization of isovaleric acid in cholesterol synthesis.
PubMed: The utilization of isovaleric acid for the synthesis of cholesterol.
PubMed: The formation of ketone bodies from isovaleric acid.
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