Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
IFRA Critical Effect: | Dermal sensitization |
IFRA Other Specification: | < 10 mmoles / L of peroxides |
IFRA fragrance material specification: | | Essential oils (e.g. turpentine oil) and isolates (e.g. delta-3-carene) derived from the Pinacea family, including Pinus and Abies genera, should only be used when the level of peroxides is kept to the lowest practicable level, for instance by adding antioxidants at the time of production. Such products should have a peroxide value of less than 10 millimoles peroxide per liter, determined according to the FMA method, which can be downloaded from the IFRA website (see Analytical Methods). |
IFRA: | View Standard |
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Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 3 |
Click here to view publication 3 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 15.00000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | - |
fruit ices: | - | - |
gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | - |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| galipot | | gum turpentine | | petropine | | skipidar | | turpentine of larch natural |
Articles:
PubMed: | Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the biosynthesis of alpha-pinene. |
PubMed: | [Characterization of the reaction products from pine gum catalytic disproportionation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry]. |
PubMed: | Characterisation of fresh and aged terpenic resins by micro-FTIR and GC-MS analyses of varnishes in XVI-XVII centuries paintings. |
PubMed: | Cryptococcus neoformans in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): colonization by C n. var. gattii and investigation of environmental sources. |
PubMed: | Environmental sampling for Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from the Blue Mountains National Park, Sydney, Australia. |
PubMed: | Clinical experience and patch testing using colophony (rosin) from different sources. |
PubMed: | [Methods of treating tissues with subsequent embedding in paraffin]. |
PubMed: | Potentiation of wound infection by adhesive adjuncts. |
PubMed: | Turpentine. (Wood turpentine, gum spirits of turpentine, oil of turpentine). |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines from twenty-two species of pines grown in New Zealand. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentine of pines. XXX. A report on Pinus serotina, Pinus tenuifolia, and Pinus yunnanensis. |
PubMed: | Chemical composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXIX. A report on Pinus ponderosa from five localities: central Idaho, central Montana, southeastern Wyoming, northwestern Nebraska, and central eastern Colorado. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXVIII. A report on Pinus edulis from eastern Arizona, P. tropicalis from Cuba, and P. elliottii var. densa from Florida. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentine of pines. XXVII. A report on three Mexican pines: Pinus pringlei and P. michoacana from Michoacan and P. arizonica from Chihuahua. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXVI. A report on Pinus lawsoni and P. herrerai from Michoacán, Mexico, and P. ponderosa from the California coast. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXV. A report on two white pines: Pinus koraiensis from Korea and P. peuce from Macedonia. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentine of pines. XXIV. A report on two Asiatic pines: Pinus armandi and P. bungeana. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXIII. A report on three Mediterranean species: Pinus pinea (cultivated in California), P. halepensis (from Israel) and P. brutia (from Cyprus). |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXII. A report on Pinus rudis and P. hartwegii from Mexico and P. insularis from Philippines. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXI. A report on Pinus quadrifolia from Southern California, Pinus lumholtzii from Durango, Mexico, and Pinus caribaea from Nicaragua. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines, XX. A report on Pinus chihuahuana from Durango, P. apacheca from Arizona, and P. monticola from Northern Idaho. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XIX. A report on Pinus ponderosa from Arizona, Colorado, South Dakota, and Northern Idaho. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentine of pines. XVIII. A report on Pinus pungens, P. glabra, and P. teocote. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XVII. A report on Pinus montezumae from Chiapas and P. oocarpa var. trifoliata and P. durangensis from Durango, Mexico. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XVI. A report on Pinus oocarpa and P. pseudostrobus var. oaxacana from Chiapas and P. cooperi from Durango. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XV. A report on Pinus resinosa and Pinus reflexa. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XIV. A report on three Mexican pines: Pinus ayacahuite, Pinus cembroides, and Pinus pinceana. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XIII. A report on Pinus albicaulis. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XII. A report on Pinus montezumae, P. oocarpa, and P. leiophylla. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines; a report on Pinus echinata, P. rigida, and P. ponderosa from Utah. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of pines: a report on Pinus ponderosa, P. banksiana, P. canariensis, and P. washoensis. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentines of Pinus aristata, P. balfouriana, P. flexilis, and P. parviflora. |
PubMed: | Composition of gum turpentine of Pinus lambertiana. |
PubMed: | Chemical composition of gum turpentines of pines; a report on Pinus strobus, P. cembra, P. taeda, P. radiata, and P. virginiana. |
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