Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless to yellow clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
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Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Specific Gravity: | 1.13400 @ 25.00 °C.
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Refractive Index: | 1.57800 @ 20.00 °C.
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Boiling Point: | 44.00 to 45.00 °C. @ 0.07 mm Hg
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Boiling Point: | 94.00 °C. @ 10.00 mm Hg
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Vapor Pressure: | 0.134000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Flash Point: | 140.00 °F. TCC ( 60.00 °C. )
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logP (o/w): | 0.633 (est) |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | water | | water, 4.075e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: caramellic |
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| meaty roasted meaty |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | roasted in sugar syrup meaty |
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Flavor Type: meaty |
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| meaty roasted meaty |
Taste Description:
| roasted meat-like |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
gavage-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 2100 mg/kg (Burdock & Ford, 1990b)
oral-rat LD50 1700 mg/kg KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 4, 1990.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 100 mg/kg European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry--Chimie Therapeutique. Vol. 18, Pg. 515, 1983.
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavoring agents |
Recommendation for 2-mercaptomethyl pyrazine usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
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Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.012 (μg/capita/day) |
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.01 (μg/capita/day) |
Structure Class: | III |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 5 |
Click here to view publication 5 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 10.00000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | 10.00000 |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | - |
fruit ices: | - | - |
gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | 10.00000 |
hard candy: | - | - |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | 10.00000 |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | 10.00000 |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients. View pdf |
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 17 (FGE.17): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 1 (FGE.17Rev1): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) [1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 2 (FGE.17Rev2): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 59021-02-2 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 62145 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WGK Germany: | 3 |
| pyrazin-2-ylmethanethiol |
Chemidplus: | 0059021022 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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For Odor |
alliaceous |
| dimethyl trisulfide | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
caramellic |
| caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| maltyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
chocolate |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
coffee |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
fresh |
10- | undecen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
fruity |
3- | mercaptohexyl acetate | FL/FR |
(E)-7- | methyl-3-octen-2-one | FL/FR |
| prunus amygdalus amara seed extract | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | undecenal | FL/FR |
green |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| meaty dithiane | FL/FR |
| sulfurol | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
moldy |
| strawberry furanone methyl ether | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| trigonella foenum-graecum seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
smoky |
2,6- | dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| fish thiol | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
2- | mercaptopropionic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
2-( | methyl thio) phenol | FL/FR |
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For Flavor |
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No flavor group found for these |
2- | acetyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine | FL |
1,2- | butane dithiol | FL |
(Z+E)-2,5- | dimethyl-3-tetrahydrofuran thiol | FL |
(Z+E)-2,5- | dimethyl-3-thioacetoxytetrahydrofuran | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
3-((2- | methyl-3-furyl)thio)-4-heptanone | FL |
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3,7- | dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl cyclopropyl carboxamide | FL |
2- | methyl-1-methyl thio-2-butene | FL |
3- | methyl-1,2,4-trithiane | FL |
alliaceous |
| allyl disulfide | FL |
| allyl mercaptan | FL |
1,3- | butane dithiol | FL |
| cyclopentyl mercaptan | FL |
| dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| dimethyl trisulfide | FL/FR |
| garlic oil extenders | FL |
3- | mercapto-2-pentanone | FL |
3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
bacon |
| bacon reaction crispy | FL |
burnt |
1,6- | hexane dithiol | FL |
caramellic |
| caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
chemical |
2,5- | dimethyl furan | FL |
coffee |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl mercaptopropionate | FL |
| methyl furfuryl thiol | FL |
earthy |
(±)-2- | mercapto-5-methylheptan-4-one | FL |
1,8- | octane dithiol | FL |
2- | thienyl disulfide | FL |
fatty |
pork | fat extract | FL |
(E)-7- | methyl-3-octen-2-one | FL/FR |
fruity |
2- | ethyl-2,5-dihydro-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
greasy |
10- | undecen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
green |
4- | methyl thiazole | FL |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
jammy |
| maltyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
meaty |
4- | allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL |
| bacon flavor | FL |
| beef broth flavor | FL |
roast | beef flavor | FL |
| beef flavor | FL |
BBQ | beef flavor | FL |
| beef flavor base | FL |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| chicken bone extract | FL |
| chicken extract | FL |
| chicken flavor | FL |
grilled | chicken flavor | FL |
| chicken key | FL |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl thiophenol | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl-3-furan thiol | FL |
2',3- | dimethyl-3',4-dioxa-2,8-dithiabicyclo(3.3.0)octane spirocyclopentane | FL |
1,1- | ethane dithiol 1% in ethanol 94.5% / ethyl acetate 4% | FL |
| ethyl 2-hydroxyethyl sulfide | FL |
| furfuryl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
4- | furfuryl thio-2-pentanone | FL |
| ham enhancers | FL |
| ham flavor | FL |
| hot dog flavor | FL |
| lamb flavor | FL |
| liver flavor | FL |
| meat broth concentrates | FL |
| meat flavors | FL |
| meaty dithiane | FL/FR |
| meaty enhancers | FL |
3- | mercapto-2-butanone | FL |
(R,S)-2- | mercapto-3-butanol | FL |
3- | mercapto-3-methyl butanol | FL |
2- | mercaptopropionic acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
2-( | methyl thio) phenol | FL/FR |
| methyl thiofuryl butanal | FL |
bis(2- | methyl-3-furyl) disulfide | FL |
S-(2- | methyl-3-furyl) ethane thioate | FL |
2- | methyl-3-tetrahydrofuran thiol | FL |
2- | methyl-3-thioacetoxytetrahydrofuran | FL |
| phenyl mercaptan | FL |
roasted | pork flavor | FL |
| pork flavor | FL |
grilled | pork flavor | FL |
| propyl 2-mercaptopropionate | FL |
| pyrazinyl ethane thiol | FL |
2- | pyridinyl methane thiol | FL |
| rabbit flavor | FL |
grilled | steak flavor | FL |
| sulfurol | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| thialdine | FL |
ortho- | thiocresol | FL |
ortho- | thioguaiacol | FL |
| turkey flavor | FL |
smoked | turkey flavor | FL |
roast | turkey flavor | FL |
| veal flavor | FL |
| venison flavor | FL |
medicinal |
2,6- | dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
metallic |
2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
moldy |
| strawberry furanone methyl ether | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| nutty thiazole | FL |
| prunus amygdalus amara seed extract | FL/FR |
phenolic |
2- | ethyl benzene thiol | FL |
roasted |
3,5- | diisobutyl-1,2,4-trithiolane | FL |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| hexyl mercaptan | FL |
| trigonella foenum-graecum seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
savory |
2,4,6- | triethyl tetrahydro-1,3,5-dithiazine | FL |
smoky |
| prosopis juliflora wood extract | FL |
| pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
spicy |
hot spicy | beef flavor | FL |
sulfurous |
2,3- | butane dithiol | FL |
| butyl mercaptan | FL |
| fish thiol | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
| methyl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
| methyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
3- | methyl-2-butane thiol | FL |
2- | naphthyl mercaptan | FL |
3- | pentane thiol | FL |
| roasted butanol | FL |
tropical |
3- | mercaptohexyl acetate | FL/FR |
waxy |
(E)-2- | undecenal | FL/FR |
yeasty |
| faex extracts | FL |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
2- | mercapto methyl pyrazine | | mercaptomethyl pyrazine | 2-( | mercaptomethyl)pyrazine | 2- | mercaptomethylpyrazine | | pyrazin-2-yl methane thiol | | pyrazin-2-ylmethanethiol | | pyrazine methane thiol | | pyrazine, 2-mercaptomethyl- | | pyrazinemethanethiol | 2- | pyrazinemethanethiol | | pyrazinyl methyl mercaptan | | pyrazinylmethyl mercaptan | | pyrazinylmethyl-mercaptan | | pyrazinylmethylmercaptan |
Articles:
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