gamma-butyrolactone
4-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
 
Notes:
one of the furans with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. it is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. it is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent. Present in morello cherry, melon, pineapple, blackberry, quince, strawberry jam, wine, soybeans, black tea, Bourbon vanilla, wheat bread, crispbread and other breads. Flavour ingredient [DFC]
  • Augustus Oils
    • Augustus Oils Ltd
      The Premier Supplier
      Augustus Oils Ltd, in harmony with nature - to present it at its best...
      A wealth of experience, expertise and knowledge has allowed Augustus to bridge the gulf in expectation and trust between growers and users of natural ingredients. The Company works in partnership with customers on the one hand, and growers, farmers and distillers on the other. Both users and producers can then focus on exactly what they do best, while skilled Augustus technicians closely monitor and control the delivered product. This ensures users can have the confidence that they will receive the best raw materials suited to their requirements.
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      Product(s):
      Gamma Butyrolactone
       
  • Beijing Lys Chemicals
    • Beijing Lys Chemicals Co, LTD.
      From Grams to Tons
      Fine chemical high-tech company which contains R&D, production, and sales.
      BEIJING LYS CHEMICALS CO, LTD, established in 2004, is a fine chemical high-tech company which contains R&D, production, and sales. We mainly engaged in export and technology development of flavor and fragrance materials and pharmaceutical intermediates. We have nearly 500 kinds of products, from grams to tons, exported to USA, Europe, South Asia and etc. And we custom manufacture new products according to customers’ needs, and serve good quality products and service. Our goal is to become a fine chemical enterprise which could provide special products and services.
      Email: Mr. Jia
      Email: Mr. Guo
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      Mr. Guo86-10-68483445
      Mr. Guo86-10-68418739
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      Product(s):
      10332 gamma-Butyrolactone
       
  • BOC Sciences
    • BOC Sciences
      Best of Chemicals Supplier
      Quality supplier of research chemicals and biochemicals including inhibitors, building blocks, GMP Products, impurities and metabolites, APIs for Veterinary, Natural Compounds, ADCs, Stem Cell Molecule and chiral compounds.
      BOC Sciences provides a wide range of services to support the pharmaceutical industry through all stages of drug discovery including Custom Synthesis of those chemicals that are not in stock, Isotope Labeling Service, Chiral Synthesis and Resolution, Bioconjugation, PEGylation services, analytical services.
      BOC Sciences is a brand of BOCSCI Inc. We leverage our wide spectrum of business in the fields of development, manufacturing, marketing, and distribution to help you make best-informed decisions tailored to your evolving needs for premium chemicals. Our complete suite of CRO services spans the entire molecule development pipeline including contract research for target identification, building blocks, compound synthesis, biochemical and cellular analysis, preclinical animal tests, and clinical studies.
      Email: Marketing
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      Product(s):
      96-48-0 gamma-Butyrolactone
       
  • Indukern F&F
  • M&U International
    • M&U International LLC
      Steady supply & demand
      Meeting customers increasing demands at home as well as abroad.
      M&U dedicates itself to the development and production of new products as well as continuously promoting those new products. We’ve maintained a steady supply&demand relationship with a large number of manufacturers at home and abroad. We’ve developed an extensive network and because of our relationships with these manufacturers, we’re able to provide a stable supply of great quality materials. We’re located in China’s largest communications hub, Shanghai and in the U.S. near one of the largest sea ports on the East Coast. The strategic locations of our facilities ensure convenient, prompt and secure delivery of our products to our customers.
      Email: Sales
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      Product(s):
      A0269 gamma-BUTYROLACTONE, Kosher
      N0246 NAT. gamma-BUTYROLACTONE
       
  • Ernesto Ventós
  • Vigon International
    • Vigon International
      Passion for Simplicity
      Manufacturer and supplier of high quality flavor and fragrance ingredients.
      The growth and success of Vigon is due in large part to a unique corporate concept that Vigon has developed and established within the industry: Creative Partnerships. This partnership concept has been and continues to be the foundation and guiding principle for all of Vigon's activities.
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      Product(s):
      507762 BUTYROLACTONE GAMMA
       
  • WholeChem
    • WholeChem, LLC
      Connecting Innovators To the Building Blocks Of the Universe
      Custom manufacturer and distributor of specialty ingredients. We make global local.
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      We owe our success to our integrity, our dedication to the industry, and our commitment to our clients. We invite your inquiries regarding our current product list and any other products you may be having trouble sourcing.
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      Product(s):
      gamma-Butyrolactone
       
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search
    Flavor Demo Formulas
CAS Number: 96-48-0Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN): 187997-16-6
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 202-509-5
FDA UNII: OL659KIY4X
Nikkaji Web: J3.971C
Beilstein Number: 0105248
MDL: MFCD00005386
CoE Number: 615
XlogP3: -0.60 (est)
Molecular Weight: 86.09022000
Formula: C4 H6 O2
BioActivity Summary: listing
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar: Search
Google Books: Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist: Search
Google Patents: Search
US Patents: Search
EU Patents: Search
Pubchem Patents: Search
PubMed: Search
NCBI: Search
JECFA Food Flavoring: 219  4-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
DG SANTE Food Flavourings: 10.006  butyro-1,4-lactone
FEMA Number: 3291 4-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):96-48-0 ; 4-HYDROXYBUTANOIC ACID LACTONE
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Physical Properties:
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 98.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Specific Gravity: 1.12000 to 1.13000 @  25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 9.320 to  9.403
Refractive Index: 1.43000 to 1.44000 @  20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -43.30 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 204.00 to  205.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.450000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 3.00 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 209.00 °F. TCC ( 98.33 °C. )
logP (o/w): -0.640
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor Type: creamy
 
 creamy  oily  fatty  caramellic  
Odor Description:
at 100.00 %. 
creamy oily fatty caramel
 
 creamy  oily  fatty  
Odor Description:
Creamy, oily with fatty nuances
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 2, 49, (1991)
 
 
Flavor Type: milky
 
 milky  creamy  fruity  peach  
Taste Description:
at 75.00 ppm.  
Milky, creamy with fruity peach-like afternotes
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 2, 49, (1991)
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Ernesto Ventós
BUTYROLACTONE GAMMA
Odor Description: SWEET, AROMATIC, CREAMY
 
Indukern F&F
GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE
Odor Description: OILY, CREAMY, FATTY
 
Advanced Biotech
GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE SYNTHETIC
Odor Description: Caramel, Fatty, Creamy
 
Prodasynth
GAMMA BUTYROLACTONE (> 98%)
Odor Description: SWEET, AROMATIC, CREAMY
 
 
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng: cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: fragrance
solvents
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Suppliers:
Augustus Oils
Gamma Butyrolactone
Services
Beijing Lys Chemicals
gamma-Butyrolactone
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
gamma-Butyrolactone
Capot Chemical
gamma-Butyrolactone
Covalent Chemical
gamma-Butyrolactone
Diffusions Aromatiques
gamma-BUTYROLACTONE
Ernesto Ventós
BUTYROLACTONE GAMMA
Odor: SWEET, AROMATIC, CREAMY
Indukern F&F
GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE
Odor: OILY, CREAMY, FATTY
Inoue Perfumery
gamma-BUTYROLACTONE
LyondellBasell Industries
gamma-Butyrolactone
M&U International
gamma-BUTYROLACTONE, Kosher
M&U International
NAT. gamma-BUTYROLACTONE
Penta International
GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE FCC
Penta International
GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE NATURAL
Penta International
GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE SYNTHETIC 10% IN PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Penta International
gamma-BUTYROLACTONE
Prodasynth
GAMMA BUTYROLACTONE
(> 98%)
Odor: SWEET, AROMATIC, CREAMY
R C Treatt & Co Ltd
gamma-Butyrolactone
Shiva Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals
Gamma Butrolactone
Sigma-Aldrich
4-Hydroxybutanoic acid lactone, ≥98%, FCC, FG
Odor: caramel
Certified Food Grade Products
Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals
gamma-Butyrolactone
United International
Gamma Butyrolactone
Vigon International
BUTYROLACTONE GAMMA
WEN International
Gamma-BUTYROLACTONE, natural
WholeChem
gamma-Butyrolactone
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn - Harmful.
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed.
R 36 - Irritating to eyes.
R 41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/39 - Wear suitable clothing and eye/face protection.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50  1540 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 31(1), Pg. 49, 1987.

gavage-mouse LD50  1245 mg/kg
(Schafer & Bowles, 1985)

intraperitoneal-rat LD50  1000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965.

oral-mouse LD50  1460 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 64(2), Pg. 3, 1999.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50  1100 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965.

parenteral-mouse LDLo  1600 mg/kg
"Summary Tables of Biological Tests," National Research Council Chemical-Biological Coordination Center. Vol. 7, Pg. 687, 1955.

intravenous-rabbit LDLo  500 mg/kg
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-guinea pig LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
GAF Material Safety Data Sheet.

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-rat LC50 > 5100 mg/m3/4H
National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0534527

Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety in Use Information:
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for gamma-butyrolactone usage levels up to:
  0.5000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
 
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 110.00 (μg/capita/day)
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 5
Click here to view publication 5
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -20.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -10.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: -20.00000
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -10.00000
fruit ices: -10.00000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: -10.00000
hard candy: -10.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: -10.00000
milk products: -10.00000
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: -10.00000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety References:
Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s):
The FEMA GRAS assessment of lactones used as flavor ingredients. View pdf
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to - Flavouring Group Evaluation 10: Aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30 - (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000)
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 10, Revision 1 (FGE10 Rev1)[1] - Aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf
Flavouring Group Evaluation 64 (FGE.64): Consideration of aliphatic acyclic diols, triols, and related substances evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30 evaluated by EFSA in FGE.10Rev1 (EFSA, 2008ab)
View page or View pdf
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 92 (FGE.92): Consideration of aliphatic acyclic diols, triols, and related substances evaluated by JECFA (68th meeting) structurally related to aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones evaluated by EFSA in FGE.10Rev1 (2009)
View page or View pdf
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 10, Revision 2 (FGE.10Rev2): Aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30
View page or View pdf
EPI System: View
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards: search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: Search
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database: Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology: Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 96-48-0
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 7302
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
WGK Germany: 1
 oxolan-2-one
Chemidplus: 0000096480
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: hazardous materials
RTECS: 96-48-0
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
References:
 oxolan-2-one
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 96-48-0
Pubchem (cid): 7302
Pubchem (sid): 134972536
Flavornet: 96-48-0
Pherobase: View
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): View
CHEBI: View
CHEMBL: View
UM BBD: Search
KEGG (GenomeNet): C01770
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): HMDB00549
FooDB: FDB003392
Export Tariff Code: 2932.29.6000
MedlinePlusSupp: View
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider: View
Wikipedia: View
EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: Read Report
EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: Read Report
EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food: Read Report
Formulations/Preparations:
•electronic-grade butyrolactone is about 99% pure . •grade: technical
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Potential Blenders and core components note
 
For Odor
No odor group found for these
isovaleraldehyde diethyl acetalFL/FR
aldehydic
 acetyl nonyrylFL/FR
isovaleraldehydeFL/FR
balsamic
 amyl cinnamateFL/FR
buttery
 acetoinFL/FR
 acetyl butyrylFL/FR
 acetyl isobutyrylFL/FR
 acetyl propionylFL/FR
 butyl butyryl lactateFL/FR
caramellic
2-oxobutyric acidFL/FR
 strawberry furanone acetateFL/FR
cheesy
 butyric acidFL/FR
2-methyl hexanoic acidFL/FR
coconut
 coconut decanone methylFR
delta-decalactoneFL/FR
delta-2-dodecenolactoneFL/FR
delta-nonalactoneFL/FR
gamma-octalactoneFL/FR
delta-undecalactoneFL/FR
coffee
 furfuryl mercaptanFL/FR
creamy
 creamy lactoneFL/FR
3-heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanoneFL/FR
para-vanillic acidFL/FR
para-vanillyl alcoholFL/FR
earthy
1-nonen-3-olFL/FR
ethereal
 decyl propionateFL/FR
fatty
 allyl cyclohexyl hexanoateFL/FR
 allyl decanoateFL/FR
 butter estersFL/FR
isobutyl undecylenateFL/FR
 coconut absoluteFL/FR
(Z)-dairy lactoneFL/FR
(R)-gamma-decalactoneFL/FR
(S)-gamma-decalactoneFL/FR
 dodecyl butyrateFL/FR
(Z)-ethyl oleateFL/FR
1-ethyl propyl 2-butenoate 
 ethyl undecylenateFL/FR
4-methyl octanoic acidFL/FR
(Z)-3-octen-1-olFL/FR
(Z)-2-octenal 
 perilla seed oilFL/FR
 sorbitan oleateCS
(E,Z,Z)-2,4,7-tridecatrienalFL/FR
fermented
 butyl laevo-lactateFL/FR
floral
 citronellyl formateFL/FR
 geraniolFL/FR
 jasmin pyranoneFL/FR
para-methyl acetophenoneFL/FR
 octanal / methyl anthranilate schiff's baseFR
2-pentadecanoneFL/FR
fruity
 acetoin acetateFL/FR
 allyl cyclohexyl butyrateFL/FR
bitter almond oilFL/FR
isoamyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
 butyl 2-decenoateFL/FR
 cyclohexyl cinnamateFL/FR
gamma-decalactoneFL/FR
(S)-delta-decalactoneFL/FR
epsilon-dodecalactoneFL/FR
(S)-gamma-dodecalactoneFL/FR
 dodecyl isobutyrateFL/FR
 ethyl 5-hydroxyoctanoateFL/FR
 ethyl lactateFL/FR
 farnesyl acetoneFL/FR
(R)-(-)-2-heptanolFL/FR
(E)-2-hepten-1-yl acetateFL/FR
 mango peach fragranceFR
 methyl (Z)-5-octenoateFL/FR
 methyl 3-nonenoateFL/FR
 octyl heptanoateFL/FR
 peach cyclopentanoneFR
 peach pivalateFR
3-phenyl propyl hexanoateFL/FR
 plum crotonateFR
gamma-undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called))FL/FR
2-undecanoneFL/FR
 vanilla carboxylateFL/FR
green
beta-bisabolenal 
isobutyl benzyl carbinolFL/FR
 butyl lactateFL/FR
3-heptanoneFL/FR
(Z)-4-hepten-1-olFL/FR
(Z)-3-hepten-1-olFL/FR
(Z)-4-heptenalFL/FR
(Z)-4-heptenal diethyl acetalFL/FR
 ivy dioxolaneFR
 neryl butyrateFL/FR
herbal
 benzyl octanoateFL/FR
mushroom
(S)-(+)-2-heptanolFL/FR
(S)-(+)-2-octanol 
3-octen-2-olFL/FR
oily
 amyl laurateFL/FR
 butter acidsFL/FR
 glyceryl tripropanoate 
 petal pyranoneFL/FR
soapy
 ethyl undecanoateFL/FR
O-methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioateFL/FR
sweet
 vanilla oleoresin baliFL/FR
tonka
6-amyl-alpha-pyroneFL/FR
 mint lactoneFL/FR
tropical
delta-dodecalactoneFL/FR
 glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoateFL/FR
vanilla
ortho-dimethyl hydroquinoneFL/FR
 ethyl vanillinFL/FR
 ethyl vanillin isobutyrateFL/FR
 ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetalFL/FR
 vanillinFL/FR
 vanillyl acetateFL/FR
 vanillyl isobutyrateFL/FR
 vanillylidene acetoneFL/FR
vegetable
 methionalFL/FR
waxy
 allyl nonanoateFL/FR
isoamyl decanoateFL/FR
(Z)-4-decen-1-olFL/FR
9-decenoic acidFL/FR
 ethyl palmitateFL/FR
 heptyl octanoateFL/FR
2-methyl heptanoic acidFL/FR
 methyl laurateFL/FR
 methyl undecanoateFR
2-nonanolFL/FR
 octyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
 octyl isobutyrateFL/FR
 phenethyl octanoateFL/FR
 propyl decanoateFL/FR
delta-tetradecalactoneFL/FR
2-tridecanoneFL/FR
 undecanoic acidFL/FR
winey
2-hexanolFL/FR
woody
 nopyl aldehydeFR
 
For Flavor
 
No flavor group found for these
 allyl cyclohexyl butyrateFL/FR
 allyl cyclohexyl hexanoateFL/FR
 allyl methyl trisulfideFL
 amyl laurateFL/FR
 benzyl octanoateFL/FR
beta-bisabolenal 
2-butyl thiopheneFL
isobutyl undecylenateFL/FR
 cocos nucifera waterFL
(R)-gamma-decalactoneFL/FR
(S)-gamma-decalactoneFL/FR
(S)-delta-decalactoneFL/FR
(Z)-4-decen-1-olFL/FR
6-decenoic acidFL
 decyl propionateFL/FR
ortho-dimethyl hydroquinoneFL/FR
(S)-gamma-dodecalactoneFL/FR
epsilon-dodecalactoneFL/FR
delta-2-dodecenolactoneFL/FR
 dodecyl butyrateFL/FR
 dodecyl isobutyrateFL/FR
2,3-epoxyoctanalFL
 ethyl 5-hydroxyoctanoateFL/FR
1-ethyl propyl 2-butenoate 
 farnesyl acetoneFL/FR
(S)-(+)-2-heptanolFL/FR
(R)-(-)-2-heptanolFL/FR
(Z)-3-hepten-1-olFL/FR
(E)-2-hepten-1-yl acetateFL/FR
2-hexanolFL/FR
3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-oneFL
4-methyl-2-pentenoic acidFL
3,5-octadien-2-oneFL
(S)-(+)-2-octanol 
(Z)-2-octenal 
 octyl heptanoateFL/FR
 oenanthic etherFL
 perilla seed oilFL/FR
 propyl decanoateFL/FR
 valeraldehyde diethyl acetalFL
isovaleraldehyde diethyl acetalFL/FR
acidic
(E)-2-hexenoic acidFL
aldehydic
 acetyl nonyrylFL/FR
amber
isobutyl benzyl carbinolFL/FR
balsamic
 amyl cinnamateFL/FR
 vanillylidene acetoneFL/FR
bitter
(E,Z,Z)-2,4,7-tridecatrienalFL/FR
brown
2-oxobutyric acidFL/FR
buttery
 butyl laevo-lactateFL/FR
 diacetylFL
cabbage
 methyl 2-thiofuroateFL
caramellic
 strawberry furanone acetateFL/FR
coconut
delta-decalactoneFL/FR
(R)-massoia lactoneFL
6-methyl coumarinFL
coffee
 furfuryl mercaptanFL/FR
creamy
 acetoinFL/FR
 acetyl butyrylFL/FR
 acetyl isobutyrylFL/FR
6-amyl-alpha-pyroneFL/FR
 butter estersFL/FR
 butyl butyryl lactateFL/FR
 creamy lactoneFL/FR
 divanillinFL
delta-dodecalactoneFL/FR
 glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoateFL/FR
 jasmin pyranoneFL/FR
para-methyl acetophenoneFL/FR
 mint lactoneFL/FR
delta-nonalactoneFL/FR
 octyl isobutyrateFL/FR
delta-undecalactoneFL/FR
gamma-undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called))FL/FR
para-vanillic acidFL/FR
para-vanillyl alcoholFL/FR
dairy
 methyl (Z)-5-octenoateFL/FR
earthy
1-nonen-3-olFL/FR
fatty
 butter acidsFL/FR
 coconut absoluteFL/FR
(Z)-dairy lactoneFL/FR
 dimethyl sulfoxideFL
(Z)-ethyl oleateFL/FR
 ethyl undecylenateFL/FR
4-methyl octanoic acidFL/FR
2,4-octadien-1-olFL
(Z)-3-octen-1-olFL/FR
2-pentadecanoneFL/FR
2-pentyl thiopheneFL
2-tridecanoneFL/FR
2,4-undecadienalFL
floral
 geraniolFL/FR
fruity
 acerola peach flavorFL
 acetoin acetateFL/FR
 acetyl isovalerylFL
 allyl decanoateFL/FR
bitter almond oilFL/FR
isoamyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
 butyl 2-decenoateFL/FR
 citronellyl formateFL/FR
 cyclohexyl cinnamateFL/FR
gamma-decalactoneFL/FR
(E)-2-decenoic acidFL
 ethyl lactateFL/FR
 garcinia mangostana fruit extractFL
3-heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanoneFL/FR
2-hexyl-4-acetoxytetrahydrofuranFL
 methyl (E)-3-nonenoateFL
 methyl 3-nonenoateFL/FR
 phenethyl octanoateFL/FR
3-phenyl propyl hexanoateFL/FR
isovaleraldehydeFL/FR
 vanilla carboxylateFL/FR
green
 butyl lactateFL/FR
 heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetalFL
(Z)-4-hepten-1-olFL/FR
(Z)-4-heptenalFL/FR
(E)-2-heptenalFL
(Z)-4-heptenal diethyl acetalFL/FR
3-(5-methyl-2-furyl) butanalFL
 neryl butyrateFL/FR
2,4-octadienalFL
ketonic
3-heptanoneFL/FR
lactonic
gamma-octalactoneFL/FR
milky
dextro,laevo-3-(methyl thio) butanoneFL
mushroom
3-octen-2-olFL/FR
nutty
 arachis hypogaea fruit extractFL
oily
 glyceryl tripropanoate 
2-methyl hexanoic acidFL/FR
 petal pyranoneFL/FR
powdery
 powdery ketoneFL
roasted
O-methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioateFL/FR
sour
 butyric acidFL/FR
spicy
 benzylidene acetoneFL
sweet
 vanilla oleoresin baliFL/FR
toasted
 acetyl propionylFL/FR
tomato
 methionalFL/FR
vanilla
 ethyl vanillinFL/FR
 ethyl vanillin isobutyrateFL/FR
 ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetalFL/FR
 vanillinFL/FR
 vanillyl acetateFL/FR
 vanillyl isobutyrateFL/FR
waxy
 allyl nonanoateFL/FR
isoamyl decanoateFL/FR
9-decenoic acidFL/FR
 ethyl palmitateFL/FR
 ethyl undecanoateFL/FR
 furfuryl octanoateFL
 heptyl octanoateFL/FR
2-methyl heptanoic acidFL/FR
 methyl laurateFL/FR
2-nonanolFL/FR
 octyl 2-furoateFL
 octyl 2-methyl butyrateFL/FR
delta-tetradecalactoneFL/FR
 undecanoic acidFL/FR
2-undecanoneFL/FR
 
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Potential Uses:
 butterscotchFR
 coconutFR
 mangoFR
 peachFR
 solvents 
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 beer
Search  PMC Picture
 bilberry fruit juice
Search Trop  Picture
 coffee
PbMd  Search  PMC Picture
 guava fruit headspace reunion @ 7.60%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 lavender oil spike spain @ 0.067%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
 mango fruit
Search Trop  Picture
 pepper bell pepper fruit
Search Trop  Picture
 pineapple fruit
Search Trop  Picture
 wine orange wine
Search  PMC Picture
 wine white wine
Search  PMC Picture
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Synonyms:
 agrisynth BLO
1,2-butanolide
1,4-butanolide
4-butanolide
 butyro-1,4-lactone
1,4-butyrolactone
4-butyrolactone
g-butyrolactone
 butyrolactone gamma
gamma-butyrolactone natural
 butyryl lactone
4-deoxytetronic acid
 dihydro-2(3H)-furanone
4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone
 dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
 furan-2(3H)-one, dihydro-
2(3H)-furanone, dihydro-
4-hydroxy-butanoic acid g-lactone
4-hydroxybutanoic acid lactone
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid cyclic ester
4-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
g-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
gamma-hydroxybutyrolactone
 oxolan-2-one
2-oxolanone
 tetrahydro-2-furanone
2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-furanone
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Articles:
PubMed: Chemical composition and aroma evaluation of essential oils from Evolvulus alsinoides L.
PubMed: Catabolic pathway of gamma-caprolactone in the biocontrol agent Rhodococcus erythropolis.
PubMed: Role of roasting conditions in the profile of volatile flavor chemicals formed from coffee beans.
PubMed: Inverse gas chromatographic evaluation of the influence of soy protein on the binding of selected butter flavor compounds in a wheat soda cracker system.
PubMed: Nine new and five known polyketides derived from a deep sea-sourced Aspergillus sp. 16-02-1.
PubMed: Determination of lactones in wines by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Chemical composition and aroma evaluation of essential oils from Evolvulus alsinoides L.
PubMed: Streptogramins - two are better than one!
PubMed: Accelerated aging against conventional storage: effects on the volatile composition of chardonnay white wines.
PubMed: Impact of perceptive interactions on red wine fruity aroma.
PubMed: Comparative study of equimolar doses of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) on catalepsy after acute and chronic administration.
PubMed: Rapid and facile detection of four date rape drugs in different beverages utilizing proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS).
PubMed: Catabolic pathway of gamma-caprolactone in the biocontrol agent Rhodococcus erythropolis.
PubMed: The discriminative stimulus effects of midazolam are resistant to modulation by morphine, amphetamine, dizocilpine, and γ-butyrolactone in rhesus monkeys.
PubMed: Use of microfungi in the treatment of oak chips: possible effects on wine.
PubMed: Role of roasting conditions in the profile of volatile flavor chemicals formed from coffee beans.
PubMed: Behavioral effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate, its precursor gamma-butyrolactone, and GABA(B) receptor agonists: time course and differential antagonism by the GABA(B) receptor antagonist 3-aminopropyl(diethoxymethyl)phosphinic acid (CGP35348).
PubMed: Enzymology of the polyenes pimaricin and candicidin biosynthesis.
PubMed: Behavioral effects and pharmacokinetics of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) precursors gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) in baboons.
PubMed: Production of fermentation aroma compounds by Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts: effects of yeast assimilable nitrogen on two model strains.
PubMed: Characterization of the most odor-active volatiles of orange wine made from a Turkish cv. Kozan (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck).
PubMed: In vivo functions of the gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptor in Streptomyces ambofaciens producing spiramycin.
PubMed: Influence of wine turbidity on the accumulation of volatile compounds from the oak barrel.
PubMed: Inverse gas chromatographic evaluation of the influence of soy protein on the binding of selected butter flavor compounds in a wheat soda cracker system.
PubMed: GHB free acid: II. Isolation and spectroscopic characterization for forensic analysis.
PubMed: Changes in the concentration of yeast-derived volatile compounds of red wine during malolactic fermentation with four commercial starter cultures of Oenococcus oeni.
PubMed: Cloning and in vivo functional analysis by disruption of a gene encoding the gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptor from Streptomyces natalensis.
PubMed: Discriminative stimulus effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and its metabolic precursor, gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in rats.
PubMed: Off-vine grape drying effect on volatile compounds and aromatic series in must from Pedro Ximénez grape variety.
PubMed: Influence of reinforcer type and route of administration on gamma-hydroxybutyrate discrimination in rats.
PubMed: Effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) on schedule-controlled responding in rats: role of GHB and GABAB receptors.
PubMed: The role of GABAB receptors in the discriminative stimulus effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in rats: time course and antagonism studies.
PubMed: C75 increases peripheral energy utilization and fatty acid oxidation in diet-induced obesity.
PubMed: Volatile compounds emitted by sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Sclerotium rolfsii.
PubMed: Evolution of the aroma profile of sherry wine vinegars during an experimental aging in wood.
PubMed: Varietal differentiation of red wines in the Valencian region (Spain).
PubMed: Gamma-hydroxybutyrate, gamma-butyrolactone, and 1,4-butanediol: a case report and review of the literature.
PubMed: Antioxidant properties of aroma compounds isolated from soybeans and mung beans.
PubMed: Volatile compounds produced from monosodium glutamate in common food cooking.
PubMed: Coma and respiratory depression following the ingestion of GHB and its precursors: three cases.
PubMed: Direct release of the allergen tulipalin A from Alstroemeria cut flowers: a possible source of airborne contact dermatitis?
PubMed: Isolation and quantification of tuliposides and tulipalins in tulips (Tulipa) by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed: Adverse events associated with ingestion of gamma-butyrolactone--Minnesota, New Mexico, and Texas, 1998-1999.
PubMed: Endogenous digoxin-like activity of mammalian-lignans and their derivatives.
PubMed: Gamma-butyrolactone's discriminability and effect on low rates of lever pressing by rats: alone and in combination with D-amphetamine and naloxone.
PubMed: Native American food and medicinal plants. 3. alpha-Methylene butyrolactone from Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh.
PubMed: Absorption of gamma-butyrolactone-gamma-carbonyl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide citrate (DN-1417), an analog of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, in rats and dogs.
PubMed: [Anaphylactic shock to celery and sensitization to ragweed and mugwort. Crossed or concomitant allergy?].
PubMed: Dopamine analog-induced hyperglycemia in rats: involvement of the adrenal medulla and the endocrine pancreas.
PubMed: Gamma-butyrolactone increases the rate of punished lever pressing by rats.
PubMed: The effect of chronic ethanol administration on central neurotransmitter mechanisms.
PubMed: [The cancerogenic activity of gamma-butyrolactone in mice].
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