Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | white orthorhombic needles (est) |
Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
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Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Melting Point: | 59.00 to 62.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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Boiling Point: | 310.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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Boiling Point: | 192.00 °C. @ 15.00 mm Hg
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Vapor Pressure: | 0.001000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Vapor Density: | 7.53 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 352.00 °F. TCC ( 177.78 °C. )
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logP (o/w): | 4.410 |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | ether | | water, 6.019 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Insoluble in: |
| water |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: sulfurous |
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| sulfurous earthy burnt |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | sulfurous earthy burnt |
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Flavor Type: sulfurous |
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| sulfurous earthy |
Taste Description:
| sulfurous earthy |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi - Irritant |
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 100 mg/kg National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD277-689
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavoring agents |
Recommendation for diphenyl disulfide usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
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Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | ND (μg/capita/day) |
Structure Class: | III |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 4 |
Click here to view publication 4 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | - |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 1.00000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 1.00000 |
fruit ices: | - | 1.00000 |
gelatins / puddings: | - | 1.00000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | 1.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 8 (FGE.08)[1]: Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical group 20 View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 74 (FGE.74)[1]: Consideration of Simple Aliphatic Sulphides and Thiols evaluated by JECFA (61st meeting) Structurally related to Aliphatic and Alicyclic Mono-, Di-, Tri-, and Polysulphides with or without Additional Oxygenated Functional Groups from Chemical Group 20 evaluated by EFSA in FGE.08 (2008) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 1 (FGE.08Rev1): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 91 (FGE.91): Consideration of simple aliphatic and aromatic sulphides and thiols evaluated by JECFA (53rd and 68th meetings) structurally related to aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups evaluated by EFSA in FGE.08Rev1 (2009) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 3 (FGE.08Rev3): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 08, Revision 4 (FGE.08Rev4): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 882-33-7 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 13436 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WGK Germany: | 3 |
| phenyldisulfanylbenzene |
Chemidplus: | 0000882337 |
RTECS: | SS6825000 for cas# 882-33-7 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| biphenyl disulfide | 1,2- | diphenyldisulfane | 1,1'- | disulfanediyldibenzene | | disulfide diphenyl | | disulfide, diphenyl | 1,1'- | dithiodibenzene | | phenyl disulfide | | phenyl disulphide | | phenyl dithiobenzene | | phenyldisulfanylbenzene | | phenyldisulfide | | phenyldithiobenzene |
Articles:
US Patents: | 3,952,024 - Furfurylthioacetone |
PubMed: | Formation pathway of Roussin's red ester (RRE) via the reaction of a {Fe(NO)2}(10) dinitrosyliron complex (DNIC) and thiol: facile synthetic route for synthesizing cysteine-containing DNIC. |
US Patents: | 3,931,166 - Certain 2,5-dimethyl-3-thiopyrazines |
PubMed: | Synthesis, guest-binding, and reduction-responsive degradation properties of water-soluble cyclophanes having disulfide moieties. |
US Patents: | 3,968,264 - Flavoring agent |
PubMed: | Inhibition of biofilm formation, quorum sensing and infection in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by natural products-inspired organosulfur compounds. |
PubMed: | Deprotonative metalation of aromatic compounds by using an amino-based lithium cuprate. |
PubMed: | Sulfur-substituted tetrahedranes. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of stable silicon heterocycles by reaction of organic substrates with a chlorosilylene [PhC(NtBu)2SiCl]. |
PubMed: | Functional groups and sulfur K-edge XANES spectra: divalent sulfur and disulfides. |
PubMed: | Cesium carbonate-catalyzed alpha-phenylchalcogenation of carbonyl compounds with diphenyl dichalcogenide. |
PubMed: | Heterolytic cleavage of disulfides by frustrated Lewis pairs. |
PubMed: | Reductive addition of the benzenethiyl radical to alkynes by amine-mediated single electron transfer reaction to diphenyl disulfide. |
PubMed: | Photosensitized oxidation of alkyl phenyl sulfoxides. C-S bond cleavage in alkyl phenyl sulfoxide radical cations. |
PubMed: | Antioxidant activity of the new thiosulfinate derivative, S-benzyl phenylmethanethiosulfinate, from Petiveria alliacea L. |
PubMed: | Raman spectroscopy of benzenethiolates on nanometer-scale gold clusters. |
PubMed: | Mononitrosyl tris(thiolate) iron complex [Fe(NO)(SPh)3]- and dinitrosyl iron complex [(EtS)2Fe(NO)2]-: formation pathway of dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) from nitrosylation of biomimetic rubredoxin [Fe(SR)4]2-/1- (R = Ph, Et). |
PubMed: | Temporary anion states and dissociative electron attachment in diphenyl disulfide. |
PubMed: | Disulfidation of alkynes and alkenes with gallium trichloride. |
PubMed: | The reaction of allyl and benzylarsonic acids with thiols: mechanistic aspects and implications for dioxygen activation by trivalent arsenic compounds. |
PubMed: | Capillary electrophoresis with laser induced-fluorescence detection of profens derivatized with the water-soluble fluorogenic reagent 4-N-(4-N'-aminoethyl)piperazino-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole. |
PubMed: | Organochalcogens effects on delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity from human erythrocytic cells in vitro. |
PubMed: | Rhodium-catalyzed disulfide exchange reaction. |
PubMed: | Preparation of tri- and difluoromethylsilanes via an unusual magnesium metal-mediated reductive tri- and difluoromethylation of chlorosilanes using tri- and difluoromethyl sulfides, sulfoxides, and sulfones. |
PubMed: | Diazenecarboxamide UP-91, a potential anticancer agent, acts by reducing cellular glutathione content. |
PubMed: | Antioxidant properties of new chalcogenides against lipid peroxidation in rat brain. |
PubMed: | Oxygen transfer reactions. 4. Reaction of high valent oxoruthenium compounds with sulfides. |
PubMed: | Diphenyl disulfide and sodium in NMP as an efficient protocol for in situ generation of thiophenolate anion: selective deprotection of aryl alkyl ethers and alkyl/aryl esters under nonhydrolytic conditions. |
PubMed: | Solid state optical activity of dichalcogenides: isolation by chiral crystallization and determination of absolute configuration. |
PubMed: | Synthesis, structure, and reactions of (acylimino)triaryl-lambda(5)-bismuthanes: first comparative study of the (acylimino)pnictorane series. |
PubMed: | Highly Selective Thioselenation of Vinylcyclopropanes with a (PhS)(2)-(PhSe)(2) Binary System and Its Application to Thiotelluration. |
PubMed: | Co-oxidation of 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol and diphenyl disulfide with 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid. |
PubMed: | Glutathione peroxidase-like antioxidant activity of diaryl diselenides: a mechanistic study. |
PubMed: | Screening of organosulfur compounds as inhibitors of human CYP2A6. |
PubMed: | Comparative Behavior of Aromatic Disulfide and Diselenide Monolayers on Polycrystalline Gold Films Using Cyclic Voltammetry, STM, and Quartz Crystal Microbalance. |
PubMed: | The fate of diphenyl sulphide, diphenyl sulphoxide and diphenyl sulphone in the rat. |
PubMed: | Effect of Co-Adsorbed Surfactant on the Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayer of Thiol on Polycrystalline Gold. |
PubMed: | Suppressing effects of S-methyl methanethiosulfonate and diphenyl disulfide on mitomycin C-induced somatic mutation and recombination in Drosophila melanogaster and micronuclei in mice. |
PubMed: | Suppression of aflatoxin B1- or methyl methanesulfonate-induced chromosome aberrations in rat bone marrow cells after treatment with S-methyl methanethiosulfonate. |
PubMed: | Thiol oxidation by 1,2,3-oxadiazolinium ions, presumed carcinogens. |
PubMed: | Catalytic effects of glutathione peroxidase mimetics on the thiol reduction of cytochrome c. |
PubMed: | Phenylselenenyl- and phenylthio-substituted pyrimidines as inhibitors of dihydrouracil dehydrogenase and uridine phosphorylase. |
PubMed: | Degradation of organic sulfur compounds by a coal-solubilizing fungus. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of L-gulose, L-galactose, and their acetylated aldehydo forms from 6-S-phenyl-6-thio-D-hexoses. |
PubMed: | Diphenyldisulfide inhibits indomethacin-induced ulcerogenesis in rats. |
PubMed: | Molecular modeling and enzyme kinetics indicate a novel mechanism for mammalian 5-lipoxygenase. |
PubMed: | Inhibition of mammalian 5-lipoxygenase by aromatic disulfides. |
PubMed: | Pyrrolopyrimidine nucleosides. 18. Synthesis and chemotherapeutic activity of 4-amino-7-(3-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidine-5-carboxamide (3'-deoxysangivamycin) and 4-amino-7-(2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidine-5-carboxamide (2'-deoxysangivamycin). |
PubMed: | Movement and metabolism of S-benzyl O,O-diisopropyl phosphorothiolate (Kitazin P) and O-ethyl S,S-diphenyl phosphorodithiolate (edifenphos) in various types of soils. |
PubMed: | Letter: Silyl phosphites. I. The reaction of silyl phosphites with diphenyl disulfide. Synthesis of S-phenyl nucleoside phosphorothioates. |
PubMed: | [The diamides of phenyl-dithiobenzene-2,2', -3,3'- and 4,4'-disulfonic acids]. |
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