Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless to yellow clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 97.00 to 100.00 %
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Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Specific Gravity: | 1.50600 to 1.51200 @ 25.00 °C.
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Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 12.531 to 12.581
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Refractive Index: | 1.13800 to 1.14400 @ 20.00 °C.
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Boiling Point: | 101.00 °C. @ 2.00 mm Hg
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Boiling Point: | 88.00 to 89.00 °C. @ 1.00 mm Hg
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Acid Value: | 1.00 max. KOH/g
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Vapor Pressure: | 0.109000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Flash Point: | 222.00 °F. TCC ( 105.56 °C. )
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logP (o/w): | 1.797 (est) |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | water, 711.3 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Insoluble in: |
| water |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: coffee |
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| coffee nutty earthy |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | coffee nutty earthy |
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Flavor Type: coffee |
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| coffee mushroom |
Taste Description:
| coffee mushroom-like |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Taytonn ASCC |
Difurfuryl Ether |
Odor Description: | Coffee, Earthy, Mushroom |
Taste Description: | coffee |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi - Irritant |
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 210 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM DUODENUM
GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 93, 1990.
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavoring agents |
Recommendation for difurfuryl ether usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
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Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.09 (μg/capita/day) |
Structure Class: | II |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 6 |
Click here to view publication 6 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 1.00000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | - |
fruit ices: | - | - |
gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | 1.00000 |
hard candy: | - | - |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | 1.00000 |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | 1.00000 |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 (FGE.67): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 1 (FGE.67Rev.1): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c) View page or View pdf |
Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing.
The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000). View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 Revision 2 (FGE.67Rev2): Consideration of 28 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th and 69th meetings (JECFA, 2001, 2006a, 2009b) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 3 (FGE.67Rev3): consideration of 23 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th, 69th and 86th meetings View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 4437-22-3 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 263034 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WGK Germany: | 3 |
| 2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan |
Chemidplus: | 0004437223 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
| sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
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| sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
balsamic |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
(E)- | benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| coffee dione | FL/FR |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
| fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
iso | propenyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
chocolate |
| cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
cocoa |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
coffee |
| cichorium intybus root extract | FL/FR |
| cichorium intybus root solid extract | FL/FR |
| coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
roasted | coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
| coffea arabica seed oil | FL/FR |
| coffee absolute | FL/FR |
arabica | coffee bean butter | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean essence | FL/FR |
roasted | coffee bean extract | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| coffee bean oil extract | FL/FR |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| coffee resinoid | FL/FR |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
earthy |
| benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| dibenzyl ether | FL/FR |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
3- | octanol | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| octyl acetate | FL/FR |
2- | phenyl propionaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
| geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| thymyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
medicinal |
2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
musty |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
popcorn |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
roasted |
2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
sulfurous |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
O- | methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioate | FL/FR |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| mesityl oxide | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
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For Flavor |
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No flavor group found for these |
2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
6,7- | dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-5H-cyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
6,7- | dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
| furfural diethyl acetal | FL |
tris( | methyl thio) methane | FL |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
1,5- | octadien-3-ol | FL |
| sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
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| sulfuryl formate | FL |
| sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
absinthe |
| absinthe flavor | FL |
alliaceous |
| benzyl mercaptan | FL |
| dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
balsamic |
(E)- | benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
brown |
| fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
burnt |
| furfuryl alcohol | FL |
1-(2- | furfuryl thio) propanone | FL |
2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
iso | propenyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
caramellic |
| caramel furanone | FL |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
| fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
chocolate |
| mocha cream flavor | FL |
cocoa |
| cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
coffee |
| cappuccino flavor | FL |
| chicory flavor | FL |
| chicory root distillates | FL |
| chicory root essence | FL |
roasted | chicory root oil | FL |
| chicory tincture | FL |
| cichorium intybus root extract | FL/FR |
| cichorium intybus root solid extract | FL/FR |
| coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
roasted | coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
| coffea arabica seed oil | FL/FR |
| coffea canephora seed extract | FL |
| coffee absolute | FL/FR |
arabica | coffee bean butter | FL/FR |
roasted | coffee bean concentrate | FL |
roasted robusta | coffee bean essence | FL |
roasted arabica | coffee bean essence | FL/FR |
roasted | coffee bean essence | FL |
dried roasted | coffee bean extract | FL |
roasted robusta | coffee bean extract | FL |
roasted | coffee bean extract | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| coffee bean oil extract | FL/FR |
| coffee creme brulee flavor | FL |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| coffee dione | FL/FR |
| coffee distillates | FL |
espresso | coffee distillates | FL |
| coffee enhancers | FL |
espresso | coffee essence | FL |
espresso | coffee extract | FL |
| coffee flavor | FL |
irish | coffee flavor | FL |
dark roast | coffee flavor | FL |
espresso | coffee flavor | FL |
| coffee liqueur flavor | FL |
| coffee pyrazine | FL |
| coffee resinoid | FL/FR |
| coffee royale flavor | FL |
| diisoamyl thiomalate | FL |
2,4- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl mercaptopropionate | FL |
2- | methyl-5-vinyl pyrazine | FL |
2-iso | propyl pyrazine | FL |
2- | thiophene thiol | FL |
creamy |
| acetyl ethyl carbinol | FL |
dairy |
| creme brulle coffee flavor | FL |
earthy |
| difurfuryl sulfide | FL |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
1,8- | octane dithiol | FL |
2- | thienyl disulfide | FL |
fatty |
2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
fishy |
4,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
fruity |
| dibenzyl ether | FL/FR |
| furfuryl propionate | FL |
2- | phenyl propionaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
fusel |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
green |
| dihydroxyacetophenone (mixed isomers) | FL |
3,4- | dimethoxystyrene | FL |
| geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine | FL |
| phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
meaty |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
3- | mercapto-2-butanone | FL |
2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
mushroom |
1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
mustard |
| furfuryl methyl ether | FL |
musty |
2- | ethoxythiazole | FL |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
3- | octanol | FL/FR |
| thymyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,5(6)- | cocoa pyrazine | FL |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| nutty thiazole | FL |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
onion |
| furfuryl isopropyl sulfide | FL |
popcorn |
2- | propionyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
potato |
| mesityl oxide | FL/FR |
roasted |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil | FL/FR |
| ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate | FL |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
O- | methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioate | FL/FR |
spicy |
| cinnamon hazelnut cappuccino flavor | FL |
sulfurous |
| butyl mercaptan | FL |
| ethyl methyl sulfide | FL |
S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
3- | methyl-2-butane thiol | FL |
2- | thienyl mercaptan | FL |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
waxy |
| octyl 2-furoate | FL |
| octyl acetate | FL/FR |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
2,2'- | difurfuryl ether | 2,2'-(oxy | dimethanediyl)difuran | 2,2'-(oxy | dimethylene) difuran | 2,2'-(oxy | dimethylene)difuran | 2-( | furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl) furan | 2-( | furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan | | furan, 2,2'-(oxydimethylene)di- | | furan, 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bis- | | furan, 2,2prime-(oxybis(methylene))bis- | | furfuryl ether | 2,2'-(oxybis( | methylene)) bisfuran | 2,2'-(oxybis( | methylene))bisfuran | 2,2'-[oxybis( | methylene)]bisfuran | 2,2'-[oxybis( | methylene)]difuran |
Articles:
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