Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | pale yellow to yellow clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 97.00 to 100.00 %
|
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Specific Gravity: | 0.95400 to 0.96400 @ 25.00 °C.
|
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 7.938 to 8.021
|
Refractive Index: | 1.49500 to 1.50100 @ 20.00 °C.
|
Boiling Point: | 180.00 to 182.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Vapor Pressure: | 1.033000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Vapor Density: | 4.7 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 159.00 °F. TCC ( 70.56 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | 1.510 |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | water, 4458 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Stability: |
| stable in most media |
Organoleptic Properties:
|
Odor Type: nutty |
|
| raw nutty pepper bell pepper |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in dipropylene glycol. | raw nutty green pepper |
|
| raw nutty pepper bell pepper |
Odor Description: at 1.00 %. | Raw nutty and green pepper Mosciano, Gerard P&F 14, No. 6, 47, (1989) |
|
|
Flavor Type: musty |
|
| earthy potato hazelnut |
Taste Description:
| earthy potato hazelnut |
|
| musty raw nutty radish |
Taste Description: at 10.00 ppm. | Musty, raw, slight nutty, slight radish Mosciano, Gerard P&F 14, No. 6, 47, (1989) |
|
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
|
Ernesto Ventós |
2,3-DIETHYLPYRAZINE |
Odor Description: | GREEN, NUTTY, PEPPER, RAW |
Taste Description: | earthy potato hazelnut |
|
Taytonn ASCC |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine |
Odor Description: | Peppery, Nutty, Green, Raw |
Taste Description: | earthy potato hazelnut |
|
|
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Ambles Nature et Chimie |
2.3-DIETHYL PYRAZINE
|
Anhui Haibei |
2,3-Diethyl Pyrazine
Odor: Raw nutty green pepper |
Augustus Oils |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine
|
Services |
Beijing Lys Chemicals |
2,3-Diethyl pyrazine
|
BOC Sciences |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine >98.0%(GC)
|
Charkit Chemical |
DIETHYLPYRAZINE, 2,3- D0500 FEMA 3136
|
Endeavour Specialty Chemicals |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine
|
Speciality Chemical Product Groups |
Ernesto Ventós |
2,3-DIETHYLPYRAZINE
Odor: GREEN, NUTTY, PEPPER, RAW |
Frutarom |
23-DIETHYLPYRAZINE
KOSHER Flavor: Raw, Nutty, Pepper, Green |
CBD Offering |
IFF |
23-DIETHYLPYRAZINE
KOSHER Flavor: Raw, Nutty, Pepper, Green |
Indukern F&F |
2,3-DIETHYL PYRAZINE
Odor: TOASTED, NUTTY, EARTHY, POTATO |
Jiangyin Healthway |
2,3-Diethyl pyrazine
|
New functional food ingredients |
Jinan Enlighten Chemical Technology(Wutong Aroma ) |
2,3-Diethyl pyrazine, Kosherk
|
Lluch Essence |
PYRAZINE 2,3-DIETHYL
|
M&U International |
2,3-DIETHYL PYRAZINE, Kosher
|
Penta International |
2,3-DIETHYL PYRAZINE
|
Penta International |
2,4-DIETHYL PYRAZINE NATURAL 5% IN ETHYL ALCOHOL
|
R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine
Halal, Kosher |
Reincke & Fichtner |
2,3-Diethyl Pyrazine
|
Robinson Brothers |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine F&F
|
https://www.robinsonbrothers.uk/chemistry-competences |
Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine
|
Sigma-Aldrich |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine, ≥98%, FG
Odor: hazelnut; meaty; earthy |
Certified Food Grade Products |
Sunaux International |
2,3-Diethyl Pyrazine
|
Synerzine |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine
|
Taytonn ASCC |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine
Odor: Peppery, Nutty, Green, Raw |
TCI AMERICA |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Diethylpyrazine >98.0%(GC)
|
Tengzhou Jitian Aroma Chemiclal |
2,3-Diethyl Pyrazine
|
Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals |
2.3-Diethyl Pyrazine
|
United International |
2,3-Diethyl Pyrazine
|
WholeChem |
2,3-Diethyl Pyrazine
|
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi - Irritant |
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. R 41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
|
|
Hazards identification |
|
Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
|
Pictogram | |
|
Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
Recommendation for shoyu pyrazine usage levels up to: | | 0.0500 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
|
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 1.60 (μg/capita/day) |
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 1.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Structure Class: | II |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 4 |
Click here to view publication 4 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | - |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 1.00000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 1.00000 |
fruit ices: | - | 1.00000 |
gelatins / puddings: | - | 1.00000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | 1.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients. View pdf |
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 17 (FGE.17): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 1 (FGE.17Rev1): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) [1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 2 (FGE.17Rev2): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
Safety and efficacy of pyrazine derivatives including saturated ones belonging to chemical group 24 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 15707-24-1 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 27458 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WGK Germany: | 3 |
| 2,3-diethylpyrazine |
Chemidplus: | 0015707241 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
|
For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
| sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| valeraldehyde dibutyl acetal | FL/FR |
| valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
amber |
alpha- | ambrinol | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| propyl benzoate | FL/FR |
bready |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
buttery |
| acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
camphoreous |
| bornyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
caramellic |
| ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
chocolate |
| chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
citrus |
| methyl heptenone | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | tetradecenal | FL/FR |
cocoa |
2-iso | butyl-3,5-(and 3,6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
coconut |
alpha- | angelica lactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| popcorn pyrimidine | FL/FR |
coumarinic |
| coumane | FL/FR |
| tonka bean resinoid | FR |
earthy |
2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| geosmin | FL/FR |
(-)- | geosmin | |
(+)- | geosmin | |
1- | octen-3-one | FL/FR |
fatty |
| coconut absolute | FL/FR |
| hexyl pivalate | FR |
fermented |
| valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
floral |
| boronia butenal | FR |
para- | cresyl laurate | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-4-phenyl butanal | FL/FR |
fruity |
| allyl 2-ethyl butyrate | FL/FR |
iso | amyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| methyl valerate | FL/FR |
3- | methyl-2-butenal | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
green |
2-tert- | butyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2-iso | butyl thiazole | FL/FR |
2-iso | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
2-sec- | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| cortex pyridine | FL/FR |
| galbanum decatriene | FL/FR |
| galbanum oleoresin | FL/FR |
| galbanum resinoid | FL/FR |
2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
4- | hexenol | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| tiglaldehyde | FL/FR |
herbal |
| saffron pyranone | FR |
musty |
2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
naphthyl |
ortho- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
para- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
nutty |
3- | acetyl pyridine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-5-methyl furan | FL/FR |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| maraniol | CS |
2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-ethoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-propyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
popcorn |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
roasted |
2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
spicy |
3-(2- | furyl) acrolein | FL/FR |
| ginger oleoresin | FL/FR |
sulfurous |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
tobacco |
| veltonal (Bedoukian) | FR |
tonka |
| coumarin | FR |
| tonka bean absolute | FR |
| whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
waxy |
| octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
woody |
2- | methyl-3-isopropyl pyrazine | |
| sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
| acetyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL |
2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| bornyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
2-tert- | butyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2-iso | butyl-3,5-(and 3,6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| butyramide | FL |
| chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| chocolate pyrazine B | FL |
| coumane | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl methyl pyrazine | FL |
2,5- | diethyl thiazole | FL |
2,5- | diethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
6,7- | dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-5H-cyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
(Z+E)-5- | ethyl-4-methyl-2-(2-butyl) thiazoline | FL |
(Z+E)-5- | ethyl-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl propyl) thiazoline | FL |
3-(2- | furyl) acrolein | FL/FR |
(+)- | geosmin | |
| geosmin | FL/FR |
(-)- | geosmin | |
| green pea pyrazine | FL |
(E,E)-2,4- | heptadien-1-ol | FL |
2- | hexyl-5 or 6-keto-1,4-dioxane | FL |
2- | methoxy-3-propyl pyrazine | FL |
2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| methyl 2-(methyl thio) acetate | FL |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-ethoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-4-phenyl butanal | FL/FR |
| peanut dithiazine | FL |
2- | propyl pyridine | FL |
para- | salicylic acid | FL |
| sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
|
5- | acetyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-thiazine | FL |
| sulfuryl formate | FL |
| sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
| sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| valeraldehyde dibutyl acetal | FL/FR |
alliaceous |
2- | methyl thioacetaldehyde | FL |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
amber |
alpha- | ambrinol | FL/FR |
bready |
2- | propionyl thiazole | FL |
burnt |
2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
buttery |
| butyroin | FL |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
camphoreous |
ortho- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
coffee |
| difurfuryl ether | FL |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
2-iso | propyl pyrazine | FL |
corn chip |
2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
| popcorn pyrimidine | FL/FR |
creamy |
alpha- | angelica lactone | FL/FR |
earthy |
2- | methyl-3-isopropyl pyrazine | |
2- | methyl-3-propyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-one | FL/FR |
ethereal |
| allyl 2-ethyl butyrate | FL/FR |
fatty |
| coconut absolute | FL/FR |
(E,E)-2,4- | decadienal | FL |
2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
(E,E)-2,4- | nonadienal | FL |
fishy |
4,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
fruity |
2,4- | hexadien-1-ol | FL |
| methyl valerate | FL/FR |
3- | methyl-2-butenal | FL/FR |
| propyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| tiglaldehyde | FL/FR |
fusel |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
green |
2-iso | butyl thiazole | FL/FR |
2-iso | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| cortex pyridine | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| dihydroxyacetophenone (mixed isomers) | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl thiophene | FL |
| galbanum decatriene | FL/FR |
| galbanum oleoresin | FL/FR |
| galbanum resinoid | FL/FR |
| methyl heptenone | FL/FR |
4- | methyl thiazole | FL |
2- | methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine | FL |
(E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
2- | vinyl pyrazine | FL |
lactonic |
gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
meaty |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
metallic |
4- | hexenol | FL/FR |
milky |
dextro,laevo-3-( | methyl thio) butanone | FL |
musty |
2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethoxythiazole | FL |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
| propionaldehyde | FL |
2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
naphthyl |
para- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
nutty |
3- | acetyl pyridine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-5-methyl furan | FL/FR |
3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
3,5- | diethyl-2-methyl pyrazine | FL |
2,5- | diethyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
2,4- | dimethyl-5-vinyl thiazole | FL |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
1- | ethyl-2-acetyl pyrrole | FL |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
european | hazelnut oleoresin | FL |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| nutty thiazole | FL |
| peanut oxazole | FL |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
popcorn |
2- | propionyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
roasted |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
spicy |
| ginger oleoresin | FL/FR |
| turmeric oleoresin | FL |
sulfurous |
| potato butanone | FL |
toasted |
| acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
vegetable |
2-sec- | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
waxy |
para- | cresyl laurate | FL/FR |
| octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | tetradecenal | FL/FR |
winey |
iso | amyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
5- | ethyl-2-methyl pyridine | FL |
| valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
|
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
2,3- | diethyl pyrazine | 2,3- | diethyl pyrazine natural | 2,3- | diethyl-1,4-diazine | 2,3- | diethyl-pyrazine | 2,3- | diethylpyrazin | 2,3- | diethylpyrazine | | pyrazine, 2,3-diethyl- | | shoyu pyrazine | | terrazome |
Articles:
US Patents: | 3,952,024 - Furfurylthioacetone |
PubMed: | Electroantennogram and Behavioral Responses of the Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, to an Alarm Pheromone Component and Its Analogues. |
US Patents: | Certain 2,5-dimethyl-3-thiopyrazines |
PubMed: | Headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS2) method for the determination of pyrazines in perilla seed oils: impact of roasting on the pyrazines in perilla seed oils. |
PubMed: | Phorid fly, Pseudacteon tricuspis, response to alkylpyrazine analogs of a fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, alarm pheromone. |
PubMed: | A comprehensive evaluation of the toxicology of cigarette ingredients: heterocyclic nitrogen compounds. |
PubMed: | Identification of potent odorants formed during the preparation of extruded potato snacks. |
PubMed: | Thermochemical study of the ethylpyridine and ethylpyrazine isomers. |
PubMed: | Chemoenzymatic synthesis of aroma active 5,6-dihydro- and tetrahydropyrazines from aliphatic acyloins produced by baker's yeast. |
PubMed: | Interactions of flavor compounds with pectic substances. |
PubMed: | Effects of roasting on pyrazine contents and oxidative stability of red pepper seed oil prior to its extraction. |
|