Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | yellow clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 96.00 to 100.00 %
|
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Specific Gravity: | 0.92600 to 0.93600 @ 25.00 °C.
|
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 7.705 to 7.788
|
Refractive Index: | 1.40600 to 1.41600 @ 20.00 °C.
|
Melting Point: | -30.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Boiling Point: | 128.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Vapor Pressure: | 10.000000 mmHg @ 20.00 °C. |
Vapor Density: | 3.9 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 83.00 °F. TCC ( 28.33 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | -0.321 (est) |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | water, slightly | | water, 2.113e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Similar Items: note |
acetyl isobutyryl |
hexane-3,4-dione |
Organoleptic Properties:
|
Odor Type: buttery |
|
Odor Strength: | high , recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less |
|
Substantivity: | 220 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
|
| dry sweet caramellic buttery oily fatty creamy phenolic fruity |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | dry sweet caramel butter oily fatty creamy phenolic fruity Luebke, William tgsc, (1988) |
|
| sweet creamy caramellic buttery fruity jammy |
Odor Description:
| Sweet, creamy, caramellic, buttery with a fruity jammy nuance Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) |
|
|
Flavor Type: creamy |
|
| creamy fruity toasted brown caramellic |
Taste Description: at 50.00 ppm. | Creamy, fruity, toasted brown caramellic notes Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) |
|
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
|
Sigma-Aldrich |
2,3-Hexanedione, ≥95%, FG |
Odor Description: | butter; creamy; oily; sweet |
Taste Description: | creamy fruity toasted brown caramel |
|
Indukern F&F |
ACETYL BUTYRYL |
Odor Description: | SWEET, CREAMY, BUTTER |
|
|
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Ambles Nature et Chimie |
3.4-HEXANEDIONE
|
Anhui Haibei |
Acetyl Butyryl
Odor: Dry sweet butter oily creamy fatty fruity jam |
Augustus Oils |
2,3 Hexanedione
|
Services |
Beijing Lys Chemicals |
2,3-Hexanedione
|
BOC Sciences |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Hexanedione
|
CJ Latta & Associates |
ACETYL BUTYRYL
|
Diffusions Aromatiques |
2,3 HEXANEDIONE
|
EMD Millipore |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Hexanedione
|
Ernesto Ventós |
2,3-HEXANEDIONE
Odor: CREAMY, SWEET, BUTTERY, CHEESY |
Frutarom |
2,3-HEXANEDIONE
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Fatty, Sweet, Oily, Creamy |
IFF |
2,3-HEXANEDIONE
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Fatty, Sweet, Oily, Creamy |
Indukern F&F |
ACETYL BUTYRYL
Odor: SWEET, CREAMY, BUTTER |
Inoue Perfumery |
ACETYL BUTYRYL
|
Lluch Essence |
ACETYL BUTIRYL NATURAL
|
Lluch Essence |
ACETYL BUTIRYL
Odor: CREAMY, SWEET, BUTTERY |
M&U International |
2,3-HEXANDIONE
|
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
Acetyl Butyryl
Odor: Sweet, creamy, caramellic, buttery with a fruity jammy nuance |
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
Acetyl Butyryl
Natural Odor: Sweet, creamy, caramellic, buttery with a fruity jammy nuance |
Pearlchem Corporation |
Acetyl Butyryl
|
Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Hexanedione ≥90%
|
Sigma-Aldrich |
2,3-Hexanedione, ≥95%, FG
Odor: butter; creamy; oily; sweet |
Certified Food Grade Products |
Sigma-Aldrich |
2,3-Hexanedione, natural, 96%, FG
|
SRS Aromatics |
2,3-HEXANEDIONE (FG)
|
Synerzine |
Acetyl Butyryl (natural)
|
Synerzine |
Acetyl Butyryl (synthetic)
|
Tianjin Danjun International |
2,3-Hexanedione
|
United International |
2,3-Hexanedione
|
Vigon International |
Acetyl Butyryl (2,3-Hexanedione)
Odor: Dry sweet butter oily creamy fatty fruity jam |
WholeChem |
Acetyl Butyryl, Natural
|
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi - Irritant |
R 10 - Flammable. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
|
Hazards identification |
|
Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
Flammable liquids (Category 3), H226 Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Eye irritation (Category 2A), H319 Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), Respiratory system, H335
|
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
|
Pictogram | |
|
Signal word | Warning |
Hazard statement(s) |
H226 - Flammable liquid and vapour H315 - Causes skin irritation H319 - Causes serious eye irritation H335 - May cause respiratory irritation
|
Precautionary statement(s) |
P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. P233 - Keep container tightly closed. P240 - Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. P241 - Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment. P242 - Use only non-sparking tools. P243 - Take precautionary measures against static discharge. P261 - Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P271 - Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P303 + P361 + P353 - IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. P304 + P340 - IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P305 + P351 + P338 - IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P312 - Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. P332 + P313 - IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P337 + P313 - IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P362 - Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction. P403 + P233 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P403 + P235 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P405 - Store locked up. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
|
Human Experience: |
4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg (Moreno, 1977d)
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 697, 1979.
|
Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 697, 1979.
|
Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
Recommendation for acetyl butyryl usage levels up to: | | 1.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
|
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 8.50 (μg/capita/day) |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 3 |
Click here to view publication 3 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 6.60000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 6.60000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 4.80000 |
fruit ices: | - | 4.80000 |
gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | 7.30000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 11 (FGE.11): Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 11, Revision 1 (FGE.11Rev1) - Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 3848-24-6 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 19707 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WISER: | UN 1224 |
WGK Germany: | 2 |
| hexane-2,3-dione |
Chemidplus: | 0003848246 |
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: | hazardous materials |
RTECS: | MO3140000 for cas# 3848-24-6 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
|
For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
| butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
acidic |
iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl acetic acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-2-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
| acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
balsamic |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
bready |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
buttery |
| acetoin | FL/FR |
| acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
| acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
| apple butter fragrance | FR |
| butter fragrance | FR |
| butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
| cyclotene hydrate | FL/FR |
alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
| ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl cyclopentenolone | FL/FR |
| ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
5- | ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one | FL/FR |
| fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| geranyl crotonate | FR |
| immortelle absolute | FL/FR |
| levulinic acid | FL/FR |
| maltol | FL/FR |
| maltyl propionate | FL/FR |
| maple furanone | FL/FR |
| menthone lactone | FL/FR |
| mesitene lactone | FR |
5- | methyl furfural | FL/FR |
| rosefuran | FL/FR |
| shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
| toffee furanone | FL/FR |
cheesy |
| butyric acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
cocoa |
| cocoa butter fragrance | FR |
coconut |
| coconut decanone methyl | FR |
| coconut naphthalenone | FL/FR |
delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
corn chip |
| popcorn pyrimidine | FL/FR |
coumarinic |
epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| tonka bean resinoid | FR |
2,3- | butane diol | FR |
gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
| creamy lactone | FL/FR |
| cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
(Z)-gamma- | jasmolactone | FR |
delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| waxy lactone | FL/FR |
earthy |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
ethereal |
| ethyl 4-pentenoate | FL/FR |
| ethyl pyruvate | FL/FR |
iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
fatty |
| butter esters | FL/FR |
| butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
(Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
| ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
fermented |
| butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| ethyl (E)-2-crotonate | FL/FR |
floral |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| jasmin absolute italy (from concrete) | FL/FR |
| jasmin absolute replacer | FR |
| jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
fruity |
| acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
bitter | almond oil | FL/FR |
iso | amyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
(S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
(E)- | ethyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| maltyl acetate | FL/FR |
| methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| neryl propionate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
| octyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
2- | undecanone | FL/FR |
green |
iso | amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| butyl lactate | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| butyl levulinate | FL/FR |
marine |
| marine pyridine | FR |
mushroom |
3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
musty |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3,5(or 6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
(-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
oily |
| butter acids | FL/FR |
phenolic |
4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
plastic |
1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
soapy |
| ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
(E)- | tiglic acid | FL/FR |
sweet |
| vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
tonka |
6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| mint lactone | FL/FR |
| tonka bean absolute | FR |
| whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
tropical |
delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
vanilla |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| vanillin | FL/FR |
| vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
vegetable |
| methional | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
iso | amyl decanoate | FL/FR |
5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
| ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl laurate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine | FL |
| allyl 2-furoate | FL |
| allyl methyl trisulfide | FL |
| amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| benzyl disulfide | FL |
| benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| butter nut rum flavor | FL |
| butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| coconut naphthalenone | FL/FR |
| cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
(S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
6- | decenoic acid | FL |
2,5- | diethyl tetrahydrofuran | FL |
alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl 4-pentenoate | FL/FR |
| ethyl butyryl lactate | FL |
5- | ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one | FL/FR |
| farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| furfuryl acetone | FL |
| menthone lactone | FL/FR |
3-( | methyl thio) hexanal | FL |
4,5- | octane dione | FL |
(E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| rosefuran | FL/FR |
| sodium 4-methyl-2-oxovalerate | FL |
|
iso | amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate | FL/FR |
acidic |
iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| levulinic acid | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
| acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
alliaceous |
3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
amber |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
anisic |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
berry |
| maltyl acetate | FL/FR |
bitter |
| glyceryl tributyrate | FL |
bready |
| mango furanone | FL |
brown |
2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
5- | methyl furfural | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
(E)- | tiglic acid | FL/FR |
burnt |
| furfuryl alcohol | FL |
2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
buttery |
| acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| bovolide | FL |
| butter cream frosting flavor | FL |
| butter enhancers | FL |
sweet | butter flavor | FL |
creamy | butter flavor | FL |
| butter flavor | FL |
| butter maple flavor | FL |
| butter nut vanilla flavor | FL |
| butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| butter pecan flavor | FL |
| butter praline flavor | FL |
| butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
| butter toffee flavor | FL |
| butter vanilla nut flavor | FL |
iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| butyroin | FL |
| diacetyl | FL |
| ghee flavor | FL |
2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | pentenoic acid | FL |
cabbage |
| methyl 2-thiofuroate | FL |
caramellic |
| butter rum toffee flavor | FL |
| caramel dione | FL |
| caramel furanone | FL |
| caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
| cyclotene hydrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
5- | ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetramethyl cyclohexen-2-one | FL |
| fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| maltol | FL/FR |
| maltyl propionate | FL/FR |
| maple furanone | FL/FR |
3- | methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate | FL |
1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
| shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
| toffee furanone | FL/FR |
cheesy |
2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
chocolate |
| chocolate butter cream flavor | FL |
citrus |
| butter lemon orange flavor | FL |
coconut |
delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
(R)- | massoia lactone | FL |
6- | methyl coumarin | FL |
gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
coffee |
| coffee distillates | FL |
2- | thiophene thiol | FL |
corn chip |
| popcorn pyrimidine | FL/FR |
creamy |
| acetoin | FL/FR |
| acetoin butyrate | FL |
| acetyl ethyl carbinol | FL |
| acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| butter esters | FL/FR |
| butter fat enzyme modified with added butyric acid | FL |
| butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| creamy lactone | FL/FR |
5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
5,5- | dibutyl dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | FL |
| divanillin | FL |
delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
| jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| mint lactone | FL/FR |
delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
| octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| waxy lactone | FL/FR |
dairy |
| acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
earthy |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
fatty |
| butter acids | FL/FR |
(Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| diacetyl trimer | FL |
| ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
2,4- | octadien-1-ol | FL |
2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
(E,E)-2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
floral |
| jasmin absolute italy (from concrete) | FL/FR |
| linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
fruity |
| acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
| acetyl isovaleryl | FL |
bitter | almond oil | FL/FR |
iso | amyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
(E)- | ethyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl valerate | FL |
3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
2- | pentanoyl furan | FL |
| phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
green |
| butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetal | FL |
(Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| immortelle absolute | FL/FR |
| neryl propionate | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
2,3- | octane dione | FL |
herbal |
| butyl levulinate | FL/FR |
5- | hydroxymethyl furfural | FL |
jammy |
| ethyl cyclopentenolone | FL/FR |
lactonic |
gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
metallic |
2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
milky |
gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
mushroom |
3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
musty |
| ethyl (E)-2-crotonate | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3,5(or 6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| butter pecan cake flavor | FL |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
2,5- | diethyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
(-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| peanut oxazole | FL |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
phenolic |
4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
powdery |
| powdery ketone | FL |
rummy |
| ethyl pyruvate | FL/FR |
sour |
| butyric acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-2-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
spicy |
| benzylidene acetone | FL |
spiced | butter rum flavor | FL |
| cinnamon butter pecan flavor | FL |
| cinnamon nut butter rum flavor | FL |
sweet |
| cyclohexyl acetic acid | FL/FR |
| honey distillates | FL |
| vanilla butter nut flavor | FL |
| vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
toasted |
| acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
tomato |
| methional | FL/FR |
vanilla |
| ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| vanillin | FL/FR |
| vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
iso | amyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
| ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl octanoate | FL |
2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl laurate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| octyl 2-furoate | FL |
| octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| octyl butyrate | FL/FR |
delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
2- | undecanone | FL/FR |
winey |
5- | ethyl-2-methyl pyridine | FL |
woody |
| whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| acetyl butyryl | | acetyl butyryl natural | | acetyl-N-butyryl | | acetylbutyryl | | butyryl acetyl | 2,3- | hexane dione | | hexane-2,3-dione | 2,3- | hexanedione | | methyl propyl diketone |
Articles:
US Patents: | 3,952,024 - Furfurylthioacetone |
PubMed: | NTP Research Report on Respiratory Tract Toxicity of the Flavoring Agent 2,3-Hexanedione in Mice Exposed by Inhalation: Research Report 10 |
US Patents: | Certain 2,5-dimethyl-3-thiopyrazines |
PubMed: | Pheromone Chemistry of the Citrus Borer, Diploschema rotundicolle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) |
PubMed: | Chemical Reactivity and Respiratory Toxicity of the à-Diketone Flavoring Agents: 2,3-Butanedione, 2,3-Pentanedione, and 2,3-Hexanedione |
PubMed: | Exposures and Emissions in Coffee Roasting Facilities and Caf‚s: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Other Volatile Organic Compounds |
PubMed: | Models of toxicity of diacetyl and alternative diones |
PubMed: | Increased sensitivity of OSHA method analysis of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione in air |
PubMed: | Enantioselective Synthesis of Vicinal (R,R)-Diols by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Butanediol Dehydrogenase |
PubMed: | The Male-Produced Aggregation-Sex Pheromone of the Cerambycid Beetle Plagionotus detritus ssp. detritus |
PubMed: | Evaluation of the hypersensitivity potential of alternative butter flavorings |
PubMed: | Probing mechanisms of axonopathy. Part II: Protein targets of 2,5-hexanedione, the neurotoxic metabolite of the aliphatic solvent n-hexane |
PubMed: | The Role of Minor Pheromone Components in Segregating 14 Species of Longhorned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the Subfamily Cerambycinae |
PubMed: | Identification and measurement of diacetyl substitutes in dry bakery mix production |
PubMed: | Synthesis, characterization, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, thermal stability, antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibitions of M(II)-Schiff base ligand complexes |
PubMed: | Apoptotic and necrotic effects of hexanedione derivatives on the human neuroblastoma line SK-N-SH |
PubMed: | Potent inhibition of human carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) by the prenylated chalconoid xanthohumol and its related prenylflavonoids isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin |
PubMed: | Formaldehyde, glyoxal, urethane, methyl carbamate, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, ethyl acrylate, dibromoacetonitrile and 2-hydroxypropionitrile induce chromosome loss in Saccharomyces cerevis |
PubMed: | Physiological and oral parameters contribute prediction of retronasal aroma release in an elderly cohort |
PubMed: | Occupational exposures of flour dust and airborne chemicals at bakeries in Taiwan |
PubMed: | Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzo[e][1,2,4]triazin-7(1H)-one and [1,2,4]-triazino[5,6,1-jk]carbazol-6-one derivatives as dual inhibitors of beta-amyloid aggregation and acetyl/ |
PubMed: | Inhibition of the reconstituted mitochondrial oxoglutarate carrier by arginine-specific reagents |
PubMed: | A comparison of the apoptotic and cytotoxic effects of hexanedione derivatives on human non-neuronal lines and the neuroblastoma line SH-SY5Y |
PubMed: | A multi-technique analytical approach for impurity profiling during synthesis: The case of difluprednate |
PubMed: | Evaluation of four à-diketones for toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) activation in a human transfected cell line |
PubMed: | Characterization of a newly isolated strain Comamonas sp. ZF-3 involved in typical organics degradation in coking wastewater |
PubMed: | (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one is a major pheromone component of Anelaphus inflaticollis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) |
PubMed: | Application of gas-diffusion microextraction to solid samples using the chromatographic determination of à-diketones in bread as a case study |
PubMed: | Carbonyl reductases from Daphnia are regulated by redox cycling compounds |
PubMed: | Sampling and Analytical Method for Alpha-Dicarbonyl Flavoring Compounds via Derivatization with o-Phenylenediamine and Analysis Using GC-NPD |
PubMed: | S-nitrosoglutathione covalently modifies cysteine residues of human carbonyl reductase 1 and affects its activity |
PubMed: | Airway injury in an in vitro human epithelium-fibroblast model of diacetyl vapor exposure: diacetyl-induced basal/suprabasal spongiosis |
PubMed: | Purification, characterization, and gene cloning of glycerol dehydrogenase from Hansenula ofunaensis, and its expression for production of optically active diol |
PubMed: | Molecular mechanism of hexane neuropathy: significant differences in pharmacokinetics between 2.3-, 2.4-, and 2.5-hexanedione |
PubMed: | Major differences exist in the function and tissue-specific expression of human aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase and the principal human aldo-keto reductase AKR1 family members |
PubMed: | Stereoselective oxidation of aliphatic diols and reduction of hydroxy-ketones with galactitol dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides D |
PubMed: | Adiponectin enhances the responsiveness of the olfactory system |
PubMed: | Rapid and sensitive determination of the intermediates of advanced glycation end products in the human nail by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization time-of-flight |
PubMed: | Male-produced aggregation pheromone of the cerambycid beetle Neoclytus acuminatus acuminatus |
PubMed: | Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 3-hydroxyimino-5-methyl-2-hexanone(HIMH) and its dioxime derivative |
PubMed: | Antimicrobial effect of Cu(II) complexes containing oxime ligands |
PubMed: | Multi-capillary column-ion mobility spectrometry of volatile metabolites emitted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
PubMed: | Key aroma compounds and metabolic profiling of Debaryomyces hansenii L1-1-fermented Flos Sophorae |
PubMed: | The kinetic method as a structural diagnostic tool: ionized alpha-diketones as loosely one-electron bonded diacylium ion dimers |
PubMed: | Mass, IR, electronic and EPR spectral studies on transition metal complexes with a new tetradentate 12-membered new macrocyclic ligand |
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