Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | yellow to yellow green clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
|
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
Specific Gravity: | 0.97900 to 0.98500 @ 25.00 °C.
|
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.146 to 8.196
|
Refractive Index: | 1.39300 to 1.39700 @ 20.00 °C.
|
Melting Point: | -2.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Boiling Point: | 87.00 to 88.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
PH Number: | 3.20
|
Vapor Pressure: | 56.800000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. |
Vapor Density: | 2.9 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 45.00 °F. TCC ( 7.22 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | -1.340 |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | fixed oils | | glycerin | | propylene glycol | | water, 200000 mg/L @ 15 °C (exp) |
Insoluble in: |
| paraffin oil |
Organoleptic Properties:
|
Odor Type: buttery |
|
Odor Strength: | high , recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less |
|
Substantivity: | 44 hour(s) at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol |
|
| buttery sweet creamy pungent caramellic |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. | strong butter sweet creamy pungent caramel |
|
| sweet creamy buttery pungent pungent caramellic |
Odor Description:
| Sweet, creamy, buttery, pungent, with a pungent caramellic nuance Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) |
|
|
Flavor Type: buttery |
|
| sweet buttery creamy milky |
Taste Description: at 50.00 ppm. | Sweet, buttery, creamy, milky Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) |
|
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
|
Moellhausen |
DIACETYL |
Odor Description: | creamy, fat, vanilla |
Taste Description: | strong, butter in dilution |
|
|
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Ambles Nature et Chimie |
DIACETYL NAT
|
Anhui Haibei |
Diacetyl natural
Odor: Strong butter sweet creamy pungent caramel |
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
Diacetyl Natural
|
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
Diacetyl
80% |
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
Diacetyl
98% |
Augustus Oils |
Diacetyl Natural
|
Services |
Augustus Oils |
Diacetyl
|
Axxence Aromatic |
DIACETYL Natural
Kosher |
Sustainability |
Beijing Lys Chemicals |
2,3-Butanedione
|
Beijing Lys Chemicals |
Diacetyl (natural)
|
BeYonde |
Diacetyl
|
Charkit Chemical |
DIACETYL DO150
|
CJ Latta & Associates |
DIACETYL
|
De Monchy Aromatics |
diacetyl natural
Odor: sweet, creamy, strong, butter, pungent, caramel |
De Monchy Aromatics |
Diacetyl
|
Diffusions Aromatiques |
DIACETYL NATUREL
|
Diffusions Aromatiques |
DIACETYL
|
ECSA Chemicals |
DIACETYL FLAVOUR USE
|
ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY |
ECSA Chemicals |
DIACETYL
|
Elan Inc. |
DIACETYL
Kosher |
Ernesto Ventós |
DIACETYL NATURAL
|
Ernesto Ventós |
DIACETYL
|
Excellentia International |
Diacetyl Natural
|
FCI SAS |
DIACETYL NATURAL EU
Flavor: Cream, butter |
FCI SAS |
DIACETYL
Flavor: Cream, butter |
Fleurchem |
diacetyl natural
|
Fleurchem |
diacetyl
|
Frey + Lau |
Diacetyl
Odor: Buttery, creamy |
Indukern F&F |
DIACETYL NATURAL
Odor: BUTTER, POWERFUL, FATTY |
Indukern F&F |
DIACETYL
Odor: BUTTER, POWERFUL, FATTY |
Inoue Perfumery |
DIACETYL
|
Jinan Enlighten Chemical Technology(Wutong Aroma ) |
Diacetyl, Kosherk
|
K.L. Koh Enterprise |
DIACETYL
|
Kingchem Laboratories |
DIACETYL (2, 3 Butanedione)
Odor: Milk, cheese. Butter upon dilution |
Kingchem Laboratories |
DIACETYL, 98%+
|
Kingchem Laboratories |
DIACETYL, NATURAL, 99%+
|
Kingchem Laboratories |
DIACETYL, NATURAL
|
Lluch Essence |
DIACETYL NATURAL (NO EU)
|
Lluch Essence |
DIACETYL NATURAL
|
Lluch Essence |
DIACETYL SYNTH.
|
M&U International |
Diacetyl, Kosher
|
M&U International |
Nat. Diacetyl, Kosher
|
Moellhausen |
DIACETYL Natural
Odor: creamy, fat, vanilla; Flavor: strong, butter in dilution |
Moellhausen |
DIACETYL
Odor: creamy, fat, vanilla Flavor: strong, butter in dilution |
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
Diacetyl
Odor: Strong butter sweet creamy pungent caramel |
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
Diacetyl
Natural Odor: Strong butter sweet creamy pungent caramel |
O'Laughlin Industries |
DIACETYL FCC
|
PerfumersWorld |
Diacetyl 1 one % in DPG
|
PerfumersWorld |
Diacetyl
Odor: strong butter sweet creamy pungent caramel buttery fatty-oily vanilla cream Use: Blends-well-with - Artificial Essential Oils |
Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
Diacetyl Natural
|
Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
Diacetyl
|
Prodasynth |
DIACETYL
(> 97%) Odor: SWEET, PUNGENT, BUTTERY, POWERFUL |
Reincke & Fichtner |
Diacetyl natural
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
Diacetyl
|
Robertet |
Diacethyl naturel
|
Seasons and Harvest / Crop calendar |
Sigma-Aldrich: Aldrich |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Butanedione 97%
|
SRS Aromatics |
DIACETYL FCC
|
Sunaux International |
Diacetyl
|
Sunaux International |
nat.Diacetyl
|
SysKem Chemie |
2,3-butane dione
|
TCI AMERICA |
For experimental / research use only. |
Diacetyl >98.0%(GC)
|
Tengzhou Jitian Aroma Chemiclal |
2.3-Butanedione
|
United International |
2,3-Butanedione Nat.
|
United International |
2,3-Butanedione
|
WholeChem |
2,3-Butanedione
|
WholeChem |
Diacetyl, Natural
|
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xn - Harmful. |
R 11 - Highly flammable. R 20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R 38 - Irritating to skin. R 41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 39 - Wear eye/face protection.
|
|
Hazards identification |
|
Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
|
Pictogram | |
|
Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Human Experience: |
2 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
gavage-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] M:3400, F:3000 mg/kg (Colley et al., 1969)
gavage-rat LD50 1580 mg/kg (Jenner et al., 1964)
gavage-guinea pig LD50 990 mg/kg (Jenner et al., 1964)
oral-guinea pig LD50 990 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
BEHAVIORAL: COMA
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 327, 1964.
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 400 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR OR VENOUS DILATION Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 7, Pg. 571, 1969.
oral-rat LD50 1580 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 327, 1964.
|
Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 765, 1979.
|
Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavoring agents |
Recommendation for diacetyl usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
|
|
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 2200.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Structure Class: | II |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 3 |
Click here to view publication 3 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 44.00000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 2.50000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | 35.00000 |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | 11.00000 |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 5.90000 |
fruit ices: | - | 5.90000 |
gelatins / puddings: | - | 19.00000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | 21.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 11 (FGE.11): Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 11, Revision 1 (FGE.11Rev1) - Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 11, Revision 2 (FGE.11Rev2): Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical groups 8 and 10 View page or View pdf |
Evaluation of a scientific publication associating diacetyl with enhancement of ß-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity View page or View pdf |
Safety and efficacy of secondary aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohols, ketones, ketals and esters with a second secondary or tertiary oxygenated functional group belonging to chemical group 10 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards: | search |
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 431-03-8 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 650 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WISER: | UN 2346 |
WGK Germany: | 2 |
| butane-2,3-dione |
Chemidplus: | 0000431038 |
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: | hazardous materials |
RTECS: | 431-03-8 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
|
For Odor |
acidic |
acidic |
iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
| acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
bready |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
buttery |
| acetoin | FL/FR |
| acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| acetyl butyryl | FL/FR |
| acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
| acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
| butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
caramellic |
2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
| levulinic acid | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
cheesy |
| butyric acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
coconut |
| coconut decanone methyl | FR |
delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
coumarinic |
epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
creamy |
gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
| creamy lactone | FL/FR |
| cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| waxy lactone | FL/FR |
earthy |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
fatty |
| butter esters | FL/FR |
| butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
(Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
fermented |
| butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
floral |
| benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
fruity |
| acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
| octyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| vanilla carboxylate | FL/FR |
green |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| butyl lactate | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| ivy dioxolane | FR |
mushroom |
3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
soapy |
| ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
sweet |
| vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
tonka |
6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| mint lactone | FL/FR |
tropical |
delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
vanilla |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| vanillin | FL/FR |
| vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
vegetable |
| methional | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl laurate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
| undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
| allyl methyl trisulfide | FL |
| benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
2- | butyl thiophene | FL |
| cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
6- | decenoic acid | FL |
alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
| farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
3-( | methyl thio) hexanal | FL |
4,5- | octane dione | FL |
| prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| sodium 4-methyl-2-oxovalerate | FL |
acidic |
iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| levulinic acid | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
| acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
alliaceous |
3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
amber |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
brown |
2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
buttery |
| butter cream frosting flavor | FL |
| butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| butyroin | FL |
2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | pentenoic acid | FL |
cabbage |
| methyl 2-thiofuroate | FL |
caramellic |
3- | methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate | FL |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
chocolate |
| chocolate butter cream flavor | FL |
coconut |
delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
(R)- | massoia lactone | FL |
6- | methyl coumarin | FL |
gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
creamy |
| acetoin | FL/FR |
| acetyl butyryl | FL/FR |
| acetyl ethyl carbinol | FL |
| acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| butter esters | FL/FR |
| butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| creamy lactone | FL/FR |
5,5- | dibutyl dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | FL |
| divanillin | FL |
delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
| jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| mint lactone | FL/FR |
delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
| octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| waxy lactone | FL/FR |
dairy |
| acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
earthy |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
fatty |
(Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| diacetyl trimer | FL |
| ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
2,4- | octadien-1-ol | FL |
2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
(E,E)-2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
floral |
| linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
fruity |
| acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
| acetyl isovaleryl | FL |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
| vanilla carboxylate | FL/FR |
green |
| butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetal | FL |
(Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
lactonic |
gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
milky |
gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
dextro,laevo-3-( | methyl thio) butanone | FL |
mushroom |
3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
nutty |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
sour |
| butyric acid | FL/FR |
spicy |
| benzylidene acetone | FL |
sweet |
| vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
toasted |
| acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
tomato |
| methional | FL/FR |
vanilla |
| ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| vanillin | FL/FR |
| vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
| ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl laurate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| octyl 2-furoate | FL |
| octyl butyrate | FL/FR |
delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
|
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| biacetyl | 2,3- | butadione | | butan-2,3-dione | 2,3- | butandione | 2,3- | butane dione | | butane-2,3-dione | 2,3- | butanedione | | diacethyl naturel | nat. | diacetyl | | diacetyl (2, 3 butanedione) | | diacetyl (natural) | | diacetyl 99/100% FCC | | diacetyl FCC | | diacetyl natural | 2,3- | diketobutane | | dimethyl diketone | | dimethyl glyoxal | 2,3- | dioxobutane |
Articles:
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