Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Melting Point: | 100.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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Boiling Point: | 212.00 to 214.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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Vapor Pressure: | 0.059000 mmHg (est) |
Flash Point: | 181.00 °F. TCC ( 83.00 °C. ) (est)
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logP (o/w): | 2.100 |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | water, 1218 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: licorice |
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| anise licorice |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | anise licorice |
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Flavor Type: licorice |
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| anise licorice |
Taste Description:
| anise-like, licorice |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavoring agents |
Recommendation for 2-butyl-3-methyl pyrazine usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
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Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 270 (μg/person/day) |
Threshold of Concern: | 540 (μg/person/day) |
Structure Class: | II |
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Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
Processed fruit (04.1): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
Confectionery (05.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Chewing gum (05.0): | - | - |
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Bakery wares (07.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 0.10000 | 0.40000 |
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 0.10000 | 0.40000 |
Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 17 (FGE.17): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 1 (FGE.17Rev1): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) [1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 2 (FGE.17Rev2): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 3 (FGE.17Rev3): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 15987-00-5 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 85228 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| 2-butyl-3-methylpyrazine |
Chemidplus: | 0015987005 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
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meta- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
acidic |
| cyclohexyl acetic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
anise |
| anise oleoresin | FL/FR |
| anise seed oil | FL/FR |
star | anise seed oil china | FL/FR |
| anise seed oil colombia | FL/FR |
star | anise seed oil spain | FL/FR |
star | anise seed oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
sweet | fennel absolute | FL/FR |
sweet | fennel oleoresin | FL/FR |
anisic |
ortho- | acetanisole | FL/FR |
para- | acetanisole | FL/FR |
| amyl furoate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| dihydroanethol | FL/FR |
| estragole | FL/FR |
| ethyl para-anisate | FL/FR |
| ocimum basilicum herb oil egypt | FL/FR |
| ocimum basilicum leaf oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
balsamic |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| caramel furanone solution | FL/FR |
| caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| coffee dione | FL/FR |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
| fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
5- | methyl furfural | FL/FR |
chocolate |
iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| cocoa oleoresin | FL/FR |
| cocoa pentenal | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methoxy-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
cocoa |
2-iso | butyl-3,5-(and 3,6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| cocoa absolute | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
| theobroma cacao extract | FL/FR |
coffee |
| cichorium intybus root extract | FL/FR |
| cichorium intybus root solid extract | FL/FR |
| coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
coumarinic |
| phthalide | FL/FR |
| nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
iso | propyl formate | FL/FR |
fermented |
3- | methyl-1-pentanol | FL/FR |
| valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
floral |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| benzyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| lilac pentanol | FL/FR |
ortho- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome resinoid (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
| phenethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
fruity |
| allyl phenoxyacetate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl methyl ketone | FL/FR |
iso | butyl 2-butenoate | FL/FR |
| butyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| cherry oxyacetate | FL/FR |
(E,E)- | ethyl sorbate | FL/FR |
| hexanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
| neryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| tiglaldehyde | FL/FR |
herbal |
| thymyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
gamma- | valerolactone | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil america | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil cuba | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil italy | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil poland | FL/FR |
licorice |
(E)- | anethol | FL/FR |
| glycyrrhiza glabra root extract | FL/FR |
minty |
| carvone | FL/FR |
| ethyl salicylate | FL/FR |
musk |
omega- | pentadecalactone | FL/FR |
musty |
2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| cocoa butenal | FL/FR |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-5-methyl furan | FL/FR |
3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
phenolic |
para-alpha- | dimethyl styrene | FL/FR |
popcorn |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
powdery |
para- | anisyl acetate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
roasted |
| fenugreek resinoid | FL/FR |
spicy |
homo | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl formate | FL/FR |
| artemisia dracunculus herb oil | FL/FR |
sulfurous |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
vanilla |
| propenyl guaethol | FL/FR |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
waxy |
| phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
woody |
| juniper berry oleoresin | FL/FR |
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For Flavor |
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No flavor group found for these |
| amyl furoate | FL/FR |
| amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
meta- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
homo | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
| butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
2-iso | butyl-3,5-(and 3,6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2(4)-iso | butyl-4(2),6-dimethyl dihydro-4H-1,3,5-dithiazine | FL |
| carvone | FL/FR |
| chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| chocolate pyrazine B | FL |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl thiazole | FL |
2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
4- | ethyl anisole | FL |
| fleabane oil (erigeron canadensis) | FL |
2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-furyl tetrasulfide | FL |
| peanut dithiazine | FL |
| pyrazines mixture | FL |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
alliaceous |
| benzyl mercaptan | FL |
| dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
anise |
(E)- | anethol | FL/FR |
| anise oleoresin | FL/FR |
| anise seed oil | FL/FR |
star | anise seed oil china | FL/FR |
| anise seed oil colombia | FL/FR |
star | anise seed oil spain | FL/FR |
star | anise seed oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| ethyl para-anisate | FL/FR |
sweet | fennel absolute | FL/FR |
sweet | fennel oleoresin | FL/FR |
anisic |
para- | acetanisole | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
ortho- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| ocimum basilicum herb oil egypt | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
bitter |
| methyl ethoxypyrazine | FL |
| paullinia cupana seed extract | FL |
brown |
| fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
5- | methyl furfural | FL/FR |
burnt |
| furfuryl alcohol | FL |
2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
| tea pyrrole | FL |
caramellic |
| caramel furanone | FL |
| caramel furanone solution | FL/FR |
| caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
| fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| fenugreek resinoid | FL/FR |
chocolate |
| cocoa oleoresin | FL/FR |
| cocoa propanal | FL |
cocoa |
iso | butyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| butyraldehyde | FL |
| cocoa absolute | FL/FR |
| cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| theobroma cacao extract | FL/FR |
coffee |
| cichorium intybus root extract | FL/FR |
| cichorium intybus root solid extract | FL/FR |
| coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| coffee dione | FL/FR |
| coffee distillates | FL |
| coffee enhancers | FL |
| coffee pyrazine | FL |
| difurfuryl ether | FL |
| diisoamyl thiomalate | FL |
2,4- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl thiol | FL |
2- | methyl-5-vinyl pyrazine | FL |
2- | thiophene thiol | FL |
coumarinic |
| phthalide | FL/FR |
earthy |
| difurfuryl sulfide | FL |
fatty |
| cocoa butter distillates | FL |
floral |
iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| cocoa pentenal | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome resinoid (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
| rosa canina seed extract | FL |
fruity |
| allyl phenoxyacetate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl acetate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| butyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| cherry oxyacetate | FL/FR |
| ethyl 3-oxohexanoate | FL |
(E,E)- | ethyl sorbate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl isovalerate | FL |
| furfuryl propionate | FL |
| hexanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| lilac pentanol | FL/FR |
(E,E)- | methyl sorbate | FL |
| phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
iso | propyl formate | FL/FR |
| tiglaldehyde | FL/FR |
fusel |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
3- | methyl-2-butanol | FL |
green |
iso | butyl 2-butenoate | FL/FR |
| cocoa butenal | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl butyraldehyde | FL |
2- | methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine | FL |
| neryl butyrate | FL/FR |
herbal |
| dihydroanethol | FL/FR |
| ocimum basilicum leaf oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil america | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil cuba | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil italy | FL/FR |
| wormwood oil poland | FL/FR |
honey |
| benzyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
licorice |
| estragole | FL/FR |
| glycyrrhiza glabra root extract | FL/FR |
| glycyrrhiza glabra root extract powder | FL |
meaty |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
3- | mercapto-2-butanone | FL |
2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
minty |
| ethyl salicylate | FL/FR |
mustard |
| furfuryl methyl ether | FL |
musty |
2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethoxythiazole | FL |
| hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
| propionaldehyde | FL |
| thymyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | acetyl-5-methyl furan | FL/FR |
3,5(6)- | cocoa pyrazine | FL |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
2,4- | dimethyl-5-vinyl thiazole | FL |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
2- | methoxy-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty thiazole | FL |
| peanut oxazole | FL |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
onion |
| furfuryl isopropyl sulfide | FL |
phenolic |
| guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
powdery |
ortho- | acetanisole | FL/FR |
| powdery ketone | FL |
roasted |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
roasted arabica | coffee bean oil | FL/FR |
| ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate | FL |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
solvent |
2- | ethyl furan | FL |
| methyl phenyl sulfide | FL |
spicy |
para- | anisyl formate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl methyl ketone | FL/FR |
| artemisia dracunculus herb oil | FL/FR |
para-alpha- | dimethyl styrene | FL/FR |
sulfurous |
| butyl mercaptan | FL |
| ethyl methyl sulfide | FL |
S- | ethyl thioacetate | FL |
S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
3- | methyl-2-butane thiol | FL |
2- | thienyl mercaptan | FL |
sweet |
| cyclohexyl acetic acid | FL/FR |
neo | hesperidin dihydrochalcone | FL |
tonka |
gamma- | valerolactone | FL/FR |
vanilla |
omega- | pentadecalactone | FL/FR |
| propenyl guaethol | FL/FR |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
whiskey |
3- | methyl-1-pentanol | FL/FR |
winey |
| valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
woody |
| juniper berry oleoresin | FL/FR |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
2-N- | butyl-3-methyl pyrazine | 2- | butyl-3-methylpyrazine | 2-N- | butyl-3-methylpyrazine | 2- | methyl-3-butyl pyrazine | 2- | methyl-3-butyl-pyrazine | 2- | methyl-3-butylpyrazine | | pyrazine, 2-butyl-3-methyl- |
Articles:
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