Articles:
diphenyl
Notes:
Fungistat, esp. for citrus fruits. Used as food preservative and flavouring agent. Detected in bilberry, wine grape, carrot, peas, rum, potato, bell pepper, tomato, butter, milk, smoked fatty fish, cocoa, coffee, roast peanuts, olive, buckwheat and tamarind. Generally, the fruit packaging is impregnated with biphenyl, which evaporates into the air space surrounding the fruit. Some biphenyl is absorbed by the fruit skins
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Glentham Life Sciences Ltd The Chemical, Biochemical & Research Essentials Supplier Glentham Life Sciences is a supplier of fine chemicals and raw materials with warehousing, laboratories and packaging facilities in the UK. With a Glentham Life Sciences account you can view more product details, request quotes and order products online. Email: Info Email: Sales Email: Tech Support Voice: +44 (0) 1225 667798 Fax: +44 (0) 2033 978909 Facebook Twitter Linkedin Google+ News Distribution Products List: View Product(s): GL2355 Biphenyl
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Penta International Corporation Chemistry innovation At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better. For over 30 years, Penta Manufacturing Company has played a growing role in worldwide chemistry innovations and applications. As an industry leader, Penta continues to pioneer chemistry-based solutions for practically every area of commerce. Our products and expertise have helped fuel technical advances in dozens of commercial applications including flavoring, coloring, fragrances and chemical processes. US Email: Technical Services US Email: Sales US Voice: (973) 740-2300 US Fax: (973) 740-1839 Product(s): 02-31200 BIPHENYL
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Sigma-Aldrich Complete Supply Chain The perfect blend of products and services that bring your creativity to life. Sigma-Aldrich is a leading Life Science and High Technology company dedicated to providing high-quality, safe and certified flavor ingredients with transparent and easily accessible documentation to customers around the globe. Sigma-Aldrich also provides a suite of analytical tools that allow food analysts to simplify sample preparation, cleanup and analysis steps, while increasing sensitivity to trace ingredients and harmful substances to meet regulations and quality standards. Email: Information US Email: Sales US Voice: 800-244-1173 US Fax: 800-368-4661 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Flavors and Fragrances Analysis FandF Newsletter Subscription Flavors and Fragrances Learning Center Certified Food Grade Products Product(s): W312908 Biphenyl, ≥99% SDS
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Synerzine, Inc. Innovation. Customization. Aroma Ingredients. Synerzine is a leading supplier of flavor and fragrance ingredients. Synerzine expresses what we have grown to embody as an organization - the synergy and connection between raw ingredients, science, technology, and the final product. Our experienced team is passionate about bringing our customers high-quality innovative ingredients that they can trust. Building upon our 44 year history, the Synerzine team provides customers around the globe with convenient access to over 1200 high-quality aroma ingredients. We actively engage with customers to add a wide array of new products and services on a regular basis. Our aim is to delight every customer with our exceptional services, large product selection, customization and the highest quality and safety standards. We provide our customers with true value designed to help them bring their products to market faster. US Email: Customer Service US Email: Sales US Voice: (404) 524-6744 US Fax: (404) 577-1651 Inquiry Products List: View Product(s): W2216 Biphenyl
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TCI AMERICA Moving Your Chemistry Forward We continuously strive to advance our technology. With East & West Coast distribution centers, count on TCI to deliver products quickly and reliably. Over 30,000 Reagents available today in benchtop to bulk quantities. We also offer custom synthesis solutions. Sign up for a TCI account today for fast and free shipping! Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (TCI) is a leading worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals founded in 1946. TCI provides organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic and functional materials. More than 70 years of synthesis experience and multi-purpose plants enable TCI to offer more than 30,000 products as well as custom synthesis. US Email: Sales Email: Technical Support Voice: 1-800-423-8616 Fax: 1- 888-520-1075 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Product(s): B0465 Biphenyl >99.5%(GC)
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| CAS Number: | 92-52-4 |  3D/inchi
|
| Other(deleted CASRN): | 56481-93-7 | |
| ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: | 202-163-5 | |
| FDA UNII: | 2L9GJK6MGN | |
| Nikkaji Web: | J3.929B | |
| Beilstein Number: | 1634058 | |
| MDL: | MFCD00003054 | |
| CoE Number: | 10978 | |
| XlogP3: | 4.00 (est) | |
| Molecular Weight: | 154.21170000 | |
| Formula: | C12 H10 | |
| BioActivity Summary: | listing | |
| NMR Predictor: | Predict (works with chrome or firefox) | |
| EFSA/JECFA Comments: | No longer supported by Industry (DG SANCO, 2012). | |
Category: antioxidants and stabilizers
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
| Google Scholar: | Search |
| Google Books: | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "volatile" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "flavor" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "odor" | Search |
| Perfumer and Flavorist: | Search |
| Google Patents: | Search |
| US Patents: | Search |
| EU Patents: | Search |
| Pubchem Patents: | Search |
| PubMed: | Search |
| NCBI: | Search |
| JECFA Food Flavoring: | 1332 biphenyl |
| JECFA Food Additive: | Diphenyl |
| GSFA Codex: | Diphenyl (230) |
| FEMA Number: | 3129 diphenyl |
| FDA: | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm (SATF): | 92-52-4 ; BIPHENYL |
| FDA Regulation: | |
| FDA PART 178 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS Subpart C--Antioxidants and Stabilizers Sec. 178.2010 Antioxidants and/or stabilizers for polymers. | |
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | white to pale amber yellow crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay: | 99.00 to 100.00 % |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.99200 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Refractive Index: | 1.47500 @ 20.00 °C. |
| Melting Point: | 69.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point: | 256.10 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point: | 160.00 to 161.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure: | 0.008930 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. |
| Vapor Density: | 5.31 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | > 212.00 °F. TCC ( > 100.00 °C. ) |
| logP (o/w): | 3.980 |
| Soluble in: | |
| alcohol | |
| benzene | |
| carbon disulfide | |
| carbon tetrachloride | |
| ether | |
| methanol | |
| water, 6.94 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | |
| Insoluble in: | |
| water | |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: green | |
| pungent rose green geranium | |
| Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | pungent rose green geranium |
| Flavor Type: floral | |
| neroli bergamot cinnamon natural | |
| Taste Description: | neroli bergamot cinnamon natural |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). | |
Cosmetic Information:
| None found |
Suppliers:
| Eastman Chemical |
| Biphenyl
Odor: characteristic Use: Applications for biphenyl process fluid include process media or solvents in many industries, including chemicals and petrochemicals |
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Biphenyl |
| Glentham Life Sciences |
| Biphenyl |
| Penta International |
| BIPHENYL |
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Biphenyl |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| Biphenyl, ≥99%
Odor: geranium; green |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| Synerzine |
| Biphenyl |
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Biphenyl >99.5%(GC) |
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi N - Irritant, Dangerous for the environment. | |
|
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. R 50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 23 - Do not breath vapour. S 60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
|
oral-rat LD50 2140 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: ALTERATION IN GASTRIC SECRETION BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0546109 oral-rabbit LD50 2400 mg/kg Nagoya Shiritsu Daigaku Igakkai Zasshi. Journal of the Nagoya City University Medical Association. Vol. 28, Pg. 983, 1977. oral-mouse LD50 1900 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Food Hygiene Journal. Vol. 24, Pg. 268, 1983. intravenous-mouse LD50 56 mg/kg U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command, Chemical Systems Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. Vol. NX#00198 oral-cat LD50 > 2600 mg/kg "Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd, eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1983-86Vol. A166, Pg. 1983 unreported-rat LD50 4500 mg/kg Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 53(5), Pg. 6, 1988. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
|
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5010 mg/kg Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
|
inhalation-rat LC50 > 200 mg/m3 Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information. inhalation-human TCLo 4400 ug/m3 GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 26, Pg. 70, 1973. | |
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | antioxidants and stabilizers | ||
| Recommendation for biphenyl usage levels up to: | |||
| not for fragrance use. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.00085 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.70 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Threshold of Concern: | 90 (μg/person/day) | ||
| Structure Class: | III | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 4 | |||
| Click here to view publication 4 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 2.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 2.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | - | - | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | 2.00000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | 2.00000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | 2.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | 2.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | - | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): | |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 78 (FGE.78)[1] - Consideration of Aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives,Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf | |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 1 (FGE.78Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev2 View page or View pdf | |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3 View page or View pdf | |
| EPI System: | View |
| EPA-Iris: | IRIS |
| ClinicalTrials.gov: | search |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards: | search |
| NIOSH Pocket Guide: | search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| Carcinogenic Potency Database: | Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 92-52-4 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 7095 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WISER: | UN 3077 |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| 1,1'-biphenyl | |
| Chemidplus: | 0000092524 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO: | hazardous materials |
| RTECS: | 92-52-4 |
References:
| 1,1'-biphenyl | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 92-52-4 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 7095 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134972195 |
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| Metabolomics Database: | Search |
| UM BBD: | Search |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C06588 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB34437 |
| FooDB: | FDB012838 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2902.90.6000 |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
| Formulations/Preparations: •phph •xenene •lemonene •phenador-x •carolid al •bulk molten or flaked, technical grades (99.9% purity). monsanto co •95% and 99% molten or flake grades. sybron chemicals, inc •technical grade of 93-97% purity. high purity is greater than or equal to 99.9% purity. | |
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
| geranium | FR | |
| green | FR | |
| rose | FR |
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
| carrot root Search Trop Picture | |
| coal tar Search PMC Picture | |
| corn silk Search Trop Picture | |
| lovage root Search Trop Picture | |
| potato Search Trop Picture | |
| tomato Search Trop Picture |
Synonyms:
| bibenzene | |
| bifenyl | |
| 1,1'- | biphenyl |
| blinin | |
| carolid AL | |
| diphenyl | |
| 1,1'- | diphenyl |
| dowtherm | |
| fenbufen Imp. C (EP) | |
| lemonene | |
| phenador-x | |
| phenyl benzene | |
| phenylbenzene | |
| tetrosin LY | |
| xenene |