Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow solid (est) |
Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Melting Point: | 25.00 to 27.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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Boiling Point: | 262.00 to 265.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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Vapor Pressure: | 0.016000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Vapor Density: | 5.79 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 265.00 °F. TCC ( 129.44 °C. )
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logP (o/w): | 4.140 |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | water, 14.1 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
Stability: |
| cream | | non-discoloring in most media | | powder | | shampoo | | soap |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: green |
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Odor Strength: | medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less |
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Substantivity: | 24 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
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| sweet green wet plastic geranium |
Odor Description: at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | sweet green wet plastic geranium Luebke, William tgsc, (1986) |
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Flavor Type: green |
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| green oily geranium spicy metallic plastic privet pear |
Taste Description:
| sweet green oily geranium spicy metallic plastic privet pear Luebke, William tgsc, (1986) |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xn - Harmful. |
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing.
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Human Experience: |
8 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 2250 mg/kg (Moreno, 1973ai)
oral-rat LD50 2250 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 705, 1974.
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Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 705, 1974.
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
Recommendation for diphenyl methane usage levels up to: | | 3.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
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Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 1.20 (μg/capita/day) |
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 3900 (μg/person/day) |
Threshold of Concern: | 90 (μg/person/day) |
Structure Class: | III |
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Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 7.00000 | 35.00000 |
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 5.00000 | 25.00000 |
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 10.00000 | 50.00000 |
Processed fruit (04.1): | 7.00000 | 35.00000 |
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
Confectionery (05.0): | 10.00000 | 50.00000 |
Chewing gum (05.0): | - | - |
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 5.00000 | 25.00000 |
Bakery wares (07.0): | 10.00000 | 50.00000 |
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 5.00000 | 25.00000 |
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 10.00000 | 50.00000 |
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 5.00000 | 25.00000 |
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 10.00000 | 50.00000 |
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 20.00000 | 100.00000 |
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 5.00000 | 25.00000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, (FGE.25)[1] - Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 78 (FGE.78)[1] - Consideration of Aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives,Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 1 (FGE.78Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev2 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 View page or View pdf |
Scientific opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 3 (FGE.25Rev3): Aliphatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 101-81-5 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 7580 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WGK Germany: | 2 |
| phenylmethylbenzene |
Chemidplus: | 0000101815 |
RTECS: | DA4976500 for cas# 101-81-5 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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For Odor |
aldehydic |
| muguet undecadienal | FR |
balsamic |
| benzophenone | FR |
| cinnamyl formate | FL/FR |
citrus |
| citral dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(E)-4- | decenal | FL/FR |
| grapefruit pentanol | FR |
clean |
| clean nitrile | FR |
earthy |
1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
ethereal |
| ethyl formate | FL/FR |
fatty |
2- | decenal | FL/FR |
floral |
| amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| anisyl propanal / methyl anthranilate schiff's base | FR |
alpha- | butyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
laevo- | citronellol | FL/FR |
| citronellyl acetate | FL/FR |
| citronellyl propionate | FL/FR |
(E)- | citronellyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| cumin carbinol | FR |
| cuminyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl ethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl propanol | FR |
gamma- | damascone | FR |
| dihydrorose oxide | FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
6,8- | dimethyl-2-nonanol | FR |
| ethyl 2-benzyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl linalool | FR |
| farnesyl acetate | FL/FR |
| floral butanal | FR |
| floral pyran | FR |
| geranium dihydropyran | FR |
| geranium nitrile | FR |
| geranium oil africa | FL/FR |
| geranium oil bourbon | FL/FR |
| geranium oil egypt | FL/FR |
| geranium pyran | FR |
| geranyl acetone | FL/FR |
| geranyl formate | FL/FR |
| geranyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| geranyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| geranyl nonanoate | CS |
| geranyl tiglate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| hydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| jasmin cyclopentanol | FR |
| methyl citronellate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl naphthalene | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute france | FL/FR |
| muguet carbinol | FL/FR |
| musk acetate | FR |
| narcissus acetate | FL/FR |
| neroli oil bigarde | FL/FR |
| nerolidol | FL/FR |
| ocean propanal / methyl anthranilate schiff's base | FR |
(Z)-beta- | ocimene | FL/FR |
| orange leaf absolute | FL/FR |
| papaya isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| peony acetonitrile | FR |
| phenethyl formate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl pivalate | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde digeranyl acetal | FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal | FL/FR |
2- | phenyl propionaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal | FR |
| phenyl propyl phenyl acetate | FR |
| rhodinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl propionate | FL/FR |
| rose butanoate | FL/FR |
(Z)- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
laevo- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
| rose pyran | FR |
| styralyl formate | FL/FR |
| terpinyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| verdyl acetate | FR |
fried |
(E,Z)-2,4- | decadienal | |
fruity |
| benzyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
| citronellyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| dimethyl succinate | FL/FR |
| ethyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| ethyl isovalerate | FL/FR |
| ethyl methyl-para-tolyl glycidate | FL/FR |
| octyl formate | FL/FR |
| peach pivalate | FR |
green |
iso | amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate | FL/FR |
| biphenyl | |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| chrysanthemum oxide | FL/FR |
| decanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
para- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
| earthy acetal | FL/FR |
| geranium absolute | FL/FR |
| geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
1- | hepten-3-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | hexen-1-yl propionate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl pyruvate | FL/FR |
| ivy carbaldehyde / methyl anthranilate schiff's base | FR |
| ivy dioxolane | FR |
| leafy acetal | FL/FR |
| methyl cyclocitrone (IFF) | FR |
para- | methyl hydratropaldehyde | FL/FR |
| methyl octine carbonate | FL/FR |
4- | methyl-4-phenyl pentanone | FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| octanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| octyl oxyacetaldehyde | FR |
| olive oil absolute | FL/FR |
(Z)-2- | penten-1-ol | FL/FR |
| phenethyl isopropyl ether | FR |
| phenethyl oxyacetaldehyde | FR |
| phenethyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
herbal |
| clary sage absolute | FL/FR |
| geranium cyclohexane | FR |
3- | octyl acetate | FL/FR |
| sabinene hydrate | FL/FR |
| theaspirane | FL/FR |
leathery |
| leather cyclohexanol | FR |
marine |
| marine hexane | FR |
spicy |
alpha- | amyl cinnamyl alcohol | FL/FR |
terpenic |
gamma- | terpinene | FL/FR |
tonka |
| coumarin | FR |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
waxy |
3- | decanone | FL/FR |
2,4- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
woody |
(E)- | ethyl geranate | FR |
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For Flavor |
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No flavor group found for these |
| amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,4- | decadienal | |
| decanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
3- | decanone | FL/FR |
| earthy acetal | FL/FR |
| ethyl 2-benzyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| styralyl formate | FL/FR |
| terpinyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
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iso | amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate | FL/FR |
alpha- | butyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
amber |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
aromatic |
| leafy acetal | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| phenethyl pivalate | FL/FR |
citrus |
| citral dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
cooling |
| sabinene hydrate | FL/FR |
| theaspirane | FL/FR |
cucumber |
2- | ethyl octine carbonate | FL |
ethereal |
| ethyl formate | FL/FR |
fatty |
2- | decenal | FL/FR |
(E,E)-2,4- | heptadienal | FL |
2,4- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
floral |
| biphenyl | |
laevo- | citronellol | FL/FR |
| citronellyl acetate | FL/FR |
| citronellyl propionate | FL/FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| farnesyl acetate | FL/FR |
| geranium oil africa | FL/FR |
| geranium oil bourbon | FL/FR |
| geranium oil egypt | FL/FR |
| geranyl acetone | FL/FR |
| geranyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| geranyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| methyl citronellate | FL/FR |
| muguet carbinol | FL/FR |
| neroli oil bigarde | FL/FR |
| orange leaf absolute | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl acetate | FL/FR |
laevo- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
fruity |
| benzyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
| citronellyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| dimethyl succinate | FL/FR |
| ethyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| ethyl isovalerate | FL/FR |
| ethyl methyl-para-tolyl glycidate | FL/FR |
| geranyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl propionate | FL/FR |
| rose butanoate | FL/FR |
green |
| chrysanthemum oxide | FL/FR |
(E)- | citronellyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| cuminyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl ethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
(E)-4- | decenal | FL/FR |
para- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl-5-methyl thiophene | FL |
| geranium absolute | FL/FR |
| geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| geranyl formate | FL/FR |
1- | hepten-3-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | hexen-1-yl propionate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl pyruvate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
| methyl 2-undecynoate | FL |
para- | methyl hydratropaldehyde | FL/FR |
| methyl octine carbonate | FL/FR |
| narcissus acetate | FL/FR |
| nerolidol | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-beta- | ocimene | FL/FR |
| octanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
3- | octyl acetate | FL/FR |
| octyl formate | FL/FR |
| papaya isobutyrate | FL/FR |
(Z)-2- | penten-1-ol | FL/FR |
4- | penten-1-yl acetate | FL |
| phenethyl formate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
herbal |
| clary sage absolute | FL/FR |
honey |
| phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
medicinal |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
melon |
| hydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
mushroom |
1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
oily |
2- | methyl naphthalene | FL/FR |
| olive oil absolute | FL/FR |
spicy |
alpha- | amyl cinnamyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| cinnamyl formate | FL/FR |
terpenic |
gamma- | terpinene | FL/FR |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
waxy |
alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute france | FL/FR |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| benzene, (phenylmethyl)- | | benzyl benzene | | benzylbenzene | | diphenyl methano | | diphenylmethane | | methane, diphenyl- | 1,1'- | methanediyldibenzene | 1,1'- | methylene bisbenzene | 1,1'- | methylenebis[benzene] | 1,1'- | methylenebisbenzene | 1,1'- | methylenedibenzene | alpha- | phenyl toluene | ( | phenylmethyl)benzene | | phenylmethylbenzene | a- | phenyltoluene | alpha- | phenyltoluene | | toluene, a-phenyl- |
Articles:
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