Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
|
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
Specific Gravity: | 0.84400 to 0.84800 @ 15.00 °C.
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Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 7.037 to 7.071
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Refractive Index: | 1.47100 to 1.47500 @ 20.00 °C.
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Optical Rotation: | -118.0 to -108.0
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Boiling Point: | 176.00 to 177.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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Vapor Pressure: | 1.541000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Vapor Density: | 4.7 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 127.00 °F. TCC ( 52.78 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | 4.380 |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | fixed oils | | water, 4.581 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Insoluble in: |
| water |
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: terpenic |
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Odor Strength: | medium |
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Substantivity: | 4 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
|
| terpenic pine herbal peppery |
Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | terpene pine herbal peppery Luebke, William tgsc, (1996) |
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Flavor Type: terpenic |
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| terpenic cilantro green juniper berry |
Taste Description:
| terpenic cilantro green juniper berry Luebke, William tgsc, (1996) |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Indukern F&F |
L-LIMONENE |
Odor Description: | POWERFUL, TERPENIC |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Anhui Haibei |
L-Limonene natural
Odor: Sweet lemon pine herbal mint |
Aromatic and Allied Chemicals |
L-Limonene
|
Arora Aromatics |
L-limonene
|
Augustus Oils |
L Limonene -70
|
Services |
Berjé |
L’Limonene 75°
|
Media |
Berjé |
L’Limonene Natural
|
BOC Sciences |
For experimental / research use only. |
(-)-Limonene
|
Citrus and Allied Essences |
laevo-Limonene (natural)
|
Market Report |
ECSA Chemicals |
FELLANDRENE - 65
|
ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY |
Ernesto Ventós |
LIMONENE-L 65
|
Ernesto Ventós |
LIMONENE-L 70
Odor: CHARACTERISTIC, LEMON-LIKE |
Excellentia International |
Limonene; L-
|
ExtraSynthese |
For experimental / research use only. |
S-(-)-Limonene (GC) ≥98% (sum of enantiomers)
|
Fleurchem |
laevo-limonene natural
|
Fleurchem |
laevo-limonene
|
Foreverest Resources |
L-Limonene 95%
Odor: characteristic Use: L-Limonene is the optical isomer of Limonene, has lemon odor character. It mainly used in food flavour and synthetic fragrances. |
Gem Aromatics |
L Limonene (60 to 98%)
|
Global Essence |
L-Limonene
|
Indenta Group |
L-Limonene
|
Indukern F&F |
L-LIMONENE -80º
Odor: POWERFUL, FRESH, TERPENIC |
Indukern F&F |
L-LIMONENE
Odor: POWERFUL, TERPENIC |
Lluch Essence |
LIMONENE LAEVO
|
Mentha & Allied Products |
L-Limonene 80%
|
Mentha & Allied Products |
L-Limonene 90%
|
Mentha & Allied Products |
L-Limonene 95%
|
Moellhausen |
LIMONENE L-65
Odor: terpenic, fresh, herbaceous Flavor: terpene |
Moellhausen |
LIMONENE L-70
Odor: terpenic, fresh, herbaceous. Flavor: terpene. |
Moellhausen |
LIMONENE L-80
|
Nectar Lifesciences |
Laevo-limonene
|
Nippon Terpene Chemicals |
l-Limonene 92% up
|
Penta International |
L-LIMONENE NATURAL
|
Penta International |
L-LIMONENE
|
R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
l-Limonene
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
L-Limonene natural
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
L-Limonene
|
Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
For experimental / research use only. |
(S)-(-)-Limonene
|
Sigma-Aldrich |
(S)-(-)-Limonene, ≥95%, FG
Odor: herbaceous; minty; camphoraceous |
Certified Food Grade Products |
Silverline Chemicals |
laevo-Limonene
|
Som Extracts |
L-LIMONENE 95% EX M. ARVENSIS OIL
|
SRS Aromatics |
L-LIMONENE 65
|
SRS Aromatics |
l-LIMONENE 80
|
SRS Aromatics |
L-LIMONENE 80
|
SRS Aromatics |
LIMONENE LAEVO
|
Takasago |
l-Limonene - 80
Biobased 100% Odor: Refreshing, light, very clean Use: Widely used in perfumery and in citrus fragrances to give lift and freshness. Combines very well with any other citrus note such as bergamot, orange, lemon, mandarin, and grapefruit. |
The Fragrance Museum |
TCI AMERICA |
For experimental / research use only. |
(-)-Limonene >95.0%(GC)
|
The John D. Walsh Company |
L'Limonene -65
|
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi N - Irritant, Dangerous for the environment. |
R 10 - Flammable. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. R 50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R 65 - Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S 60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet. S 62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
Flammable liquids (Category 3), H226 Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Skin sensitisation (Category 1), H317 Chronic aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H410
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GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | ![flame.jpg](http://www.perflavory.com/pictograms/flame.jpg) ![exclamation-mark.jpg](http://www.perflavory.com/pictograms/exclamation-mark.jpg) ![environment.jpg](http://www.perflavory.com/pictograms/environment.jpg) |
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Signal word | Warning |
Hazard statement(s) |
H226 - Flammable liquid and vapour H315 - Causes skin irritation H317 - May cause an allergic skin reaction H410 - Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
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Precautionary statement(s) |
P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. P233 - Keep container tightly closed. P240 - Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. P241 - Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment. P242 - Use only non-sparking tools. P243 - Take precautionary measures against static discharge. P261 - Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P272 - Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 - Avoid release to the environment. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P303 + P361 + P353 - IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. P333 + P313 - IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362 - Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction. P391 - Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment P403 + P235 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
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Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 5000 mg/kg Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
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Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
IFRA Critical Effect: | Dermal sensitization |
IFRA Other Specification: | < 20 mmoles / liter peroxides |
IFRA fragrance material specification: | | d-, l-and dl-Limonene and natural products containing substantial amounts of it, should only be used when the level of peroxides is kept to the lowest practical level, for instance by adding antioxidants at the time of production. Such products should have a peroxide value of less than 20 millimoles peroxides per liter, determined according to the FMA method, which can be downloaded from the IFRA website (see Analytical Methods). |
IFRA: | View Standard |
Recommendation for laevo-limonene usage levels up to: | | 8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
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Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 2100.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) |
Structure Class: | I |
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Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 3.00000 | 15.00000 |
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 2.00000 | 5.00000 |
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 5.00000 | 10.00000 |
Processed fruit (04.1): | 1.00000 | 1.00000 |
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
Confectionery (05.0): | 5.00000 | 15.00000 |
Chewing gum (05.0): | - | - |
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
Bakery wares (07.0): | 5.00000 | 20.00000 |
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Eggs and egg products (10.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 2.00000 | 15.00000 |
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 3.00000 | 10.00000 |
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 4.00000 | 10.00000 |
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 2.00000 | 5.00000 |
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 2.00000 | 5.00000 |
Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
|
For Odor |
aldehydic |
| decanal (aldehyde C-10) | FL/FR |
| dodecanal (aldehyde C-12 lauric) | FL/FR |
2- | methyl undecanal (aldehyde C-12 mna) | FL/FR |
amber |
| angelica root oil | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| benzyl salicylate | FL/FR |
laevo- | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
iso | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
iso | bornyl benzoate | |
iso | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| clover nitrile | FR |
| croton glabellus bark extract | FL/FR |
| fir balsam absolute | FR |
| fir needle oil siberia | FL/FR |
| myrrh oil | FL/FR |
| nopol | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
(Z)- | pinane | FR |
camphoreous |
| camphor tree bark oil | FL/FR |
citrus |
| dihydromyrcenol | FL/FR |
| methyl heptenone | FL/FR |
blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
| petitgrain specialty | FR |
| trimethyl cyclohexene | FR |
earthy |
(E+Z)-2,4,8- | trimethyl-3,7-nonadien-2-ol | FL/FR |
floral |
iso | amyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| citronellol | FL/FR |
| coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| heliotropyl diethyl acetal | FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| ho leaf oil | FR |
| hyacinth ether | FR |
| linalool | FL/FR |
laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| muguet carboxaldehyde | FR |
| nerol | FL/FR |
| neryl acetate | FL/FR |
| ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| orris pyridine 25% IPM | FR |
| petitgrain fragrance | FR |
| petitgrain oil paraguay | FL/FR |
| phenethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| phenethyl propionate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
fruity |
| ethyl acetoacetate | FL/FR |
| ethyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| green acetate | FR |
green |
| decahydrocyclododecaoxazole | FR |
| galbanum oil | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
2,4- | ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
| octanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
herbal |
3- | allyl-1-methyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| dehydroxylinalool oxide | FL/FR |
| elemi resinoid replacer | FR |
| eucalyptus globulus oil | FL/FR |
| herbal specialty | FR |
| linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| melaleuca linariifolia oil | FR |
| nopyl acetate | FR |
| origanum oil terpenes | FR |
| rosemary oil spain | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpinyl acetate | FL/FR |
marine |
| marine pyridine | FR |
minty |
dextro- | dihydrocarvone | FL/FR |
phenolic |
| methyl benzoate | FL/FR |
pine |
| dipentene terpene hydrocarbon byproducts | FR |
| pine oil 85 | FR |
spicy |
| carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| ginger oleoresin africa | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil china | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil cochin | FL/FR |
| myrcene | FR |
black | pepper oil | FL/FR |
black | pepper oil replacer | FR |
| pimenta acris leaf oil | FL/FR |
terpenic |
| cypress leaf oil | FR |
| frankincense oil | FL/FR |
| juniperus communis fruit oil | FL/FR |
alpha- | phellandrene | FL/FR |
gamma- | terpinene | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
thujonic |
| armoise oil | FR |
| sage oil dalmatian | FL/FR |
waxy |
1- | dodecanol | FL/FR |
woody |
| cistus twig/leaf oil | FL/FR |
3,7- | dimethyl-1-octene | |
| guaiacwood oil | FL/FR |
| gurjun balsam oil | FR |
| patchouli ethanone | FR |
| patchouli oil | FL/FR |
| polylimonene | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil replacer | FR |
| santall | FR |
| spruce needle oil canada | FL/FR |
| tetrahydromugol | FR |
| thuja occidentalis leaf oil | FL/FR |
| vetiver oil haiti | FL/FR |
| woody acetate | FR |
(Z)- | woody amylene | FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
iso | bornyl benzoate | |
| croton glabellus bark extract | FL/FR |
3,7- | dimethyl-1-octene | |
| nopol | FL/FR |
| polylimonene | FL/FR |
(E+Z)-2,4,8- | trimethyl-3,7-nonadien-2-ol | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| benzyl salicylate | FL/FR |
laevo- | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| fir needle oil siberia | FL/FR |
| myrrh oil | FL/FR |
camphoreous |
| bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| camphor tree bark oil | FL/FR |
citrus |
| linalool | FL/FR |
laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| nerol | FL/FR |
blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
estery |
| ethyl acetoacetate | FL/FR |
fatty |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
floral |
| citronellol | FL/FR |
| linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| neryl acetate | FL/FR |
| ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| phenethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| phenethyl propionate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
fruity |
| ethyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
green |
iso | amyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| angelica root oil | FL/FR |
| carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
dextro- | dihydrocarvone | FL/FR |
| dihydromyrcenol | FL/FR |
| galbanum oil | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
2,4- | ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
| linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| methyl heptenone | FL/FR |
| octanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
herbal |
3- | allyl-1-methyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| eucalyptus globulus oil | FL/FR |
| petitgrain oil paraguay | FL/FR |
| rosemary oil spain | FL/FR |
phenolic |
| methyl benzoate | FL/FR |
soapy |
| dodecanal (aldehyde C-12 lauric) | FL/FR |
1- | dodecanol | FL/FR |
spicy |
| cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| ginger oleoresin africa | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil china | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil cochin | FL/FR |
black | pepper oil | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| pimenta acris leaf oil | FL/FR |
terpenic |
| juniperus communis fruit oil | FL/FR |
alpha- | phellandrene | FL/FR |
gamma- | terpinene | FL/FR |
thujonic |
| sage oil dalmatian | FL/FR |
waxy |
| decanal (aldehyde C-10) | FL/FR |
alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
2- | methyl undecanal (aldehyde C-12 mna) | FL/FR |
woody |
iso | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| cistus twig/leaf oil | FL/FR |
| dehydroxylinalool oxide | FL/FR |
| frankincense oil | FL/FR |
| guaiacwood oil | FL/FR |
| patchouli oil | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| spruce needle oil canada | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| thuja occidentalis leaf oil | FL/FR |
| vetiver oil haiti | FL/FR |
|
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (4S)- | | cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (S)- | (-)- | limonene | (-)-(4S)- | limonene | (-)-(S)- | limonene | (4S)- | limonene | (4S)-(-)- | limonene | (S)- | limonene | (S)-(-)- | limonene | beta- | limonene | L- | limonene | L- | limonene - 65 | L- | limonene - 80 | laevo- | limonene (natural) | laevo- | limonene 75° | | limonene L-65 | | limonene L-70 | L- | limonene natural | laevo- | limonene natural | L- | limonene, natural | (S)-(-)-p- | mentha-1,8-diene | (S)-(-)-para- | mentha-1,8-diene | (S)-p- | mentha-1,8-diene | p- | mentha-1,8-diene, (S)-(-)- | (4S)-1- | methyl-4-(1-methyl ethenyl) cyclohexene | (S)-1- | methyl-4-(1-methyl ethenyl) cyclohexene | (S)-1- | methyl-4-(1-methyl vinyl) cyclohexene | (4S)-1- | methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene | (S)-1- | methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene | (S)-1- | methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene | (4S)-1- | methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-ene | (4S)-1- | methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohexene | (4S)-1- | methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene | (4S)-1- | methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene | (S)-4-iso | propenyl-1-methyl cyclohexene | (4S)-4-iso | propenyl-1-methylcyclohexene | (S)-(-)-4-iso | propenyl-1-methylcyclohexene |
Articles:
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