Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | white to pale yellow solid (est) |
Assay: | 99.00 to 100.00 %
|
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Specific Gravity: | 1.03900 @ 25.00 °C.
|
Refractive Index: | 1.54500 @ 20.00 °C.
|
Melting Point: | 59.00 to 68.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Boiling Point: | 189.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Boiling Point: | 163.00 to 168.00 °C. @ 0.50 mm Hg
|
Vapor Pressure: | 0.168000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Flash Point: | 140.00 °F. TCC ( 60.00 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | 2.615 (est) |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | water | | water, 3302 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
|
Odor Type: phenolic |
|
| chemical phenolic medicinal sweet |
Odor Description: at 0.01 % in propylene glycol. | chemical phenolic medicinal sweet |
|
| chemical phenolic medicinal sweet musty meaty |
Odor Description:
| Chemical, phenolic, medicinal with sweet musty and meaty nuances Mosciano, Gerard P&F 15, No. 1, 19, (1990) |
|
|
Flavor Type: phenolic |
|
| phenolic medicinal spicy |
Taste Description: at 60.00 ppm. | Phenolic, medicinal, spicy Mosciano, Gerard P&F 15, No. 1, 19, (1990) |
|
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
|
R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
4-Vinylphenol 10% in PG. Halal, Kosher |
Odor Description: | sweet/vanilla |
Taste Description: | sweet vanilla Used in chewing gum at 10ppm, bakery and meat products at 5ppm, desserts and confectionery at 2-3ppm, and alcoholic beverages at 0.5%. |
|
|
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xn - Harmful. |
R 23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 34 - Causes burns. R 42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 23 - Do not breath vapour. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S 53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
|
|
Hazards identification |
|
Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
|
Pictogram | |
|
Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
gavage-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] > 5000 mg/kg (Piccirillo & Hartman, 1982)
|
Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LDLo 200 mg/kg SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): CORROSIVE: AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. Vol. 8EHQ-1285-0579S
|
Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
|
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 6.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 13 |
Click here to view publication 13 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 5.00000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 1.50000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | 0.50000 |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | 10.00000 |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | 2.00000 |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 2.50000 |
fruit ices: | - | - |
gelatins / puddings: | - | 2.00000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | 5.00000 |
hard candy: | - | 2.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | 3.00000 |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | 5.00000 |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | 2.00000 |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | 2.50000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 22 (FGE.22): Ring-substituted phenolic substances from chemical groups 21 and 25 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 58 (FGE.58) Consideration of phenol derivatives evaluated by JECFA (55th meeting) structurally related to ring substituted phenolic substances evaluated by EFSA in FGE.22 (2006) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 60 (FGE.60): Consideration of eugenol and related hydroxyallylbenzene derivatives evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) structurally related to ring- substituted phenolic substances evaluated by EFSA in FGE.22 (2006) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 22, Revision 1 (FGE.22Rev1): Ring-substituted phenolic substances from chemical groups 21 and 25 View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 2628-17-3 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 62453 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WGK Germany: | 2 |
| 4-ethenylphenol |
Chemidplus: | 0002628173 |
RTECS: | SN3800000 for cas# 2628-17-3 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
|
For Odor |
alliaceous |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
anisic |
ortho- | acetanisole | FL/FR |
balsamic |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| benzoin | FL/FR |
sumatra | benzoin absolute | FL/FR |
iso | bornyl formate | FL/FR |
| guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| guaiyl acetate | FL/FR |
camphoreous |
dextro- | camphor | FL/FR |
| coffee dione | FL/FR |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
chemical |
| styralyl alcohol | FL/FR |
chocolate |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| vanillyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
citrus |
| verbena absolute france | FL/FR |
cocoa |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
coffee |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
coumarinic |
| phthalide | FL/FR |
creamy |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
floral |
| benzyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| champaca absolute | FR |
| dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl propionate | FR |
| geranyl formate | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (90% min.) | FL/FR |
| phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| tea acetate | FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
1-iso | propyl-2-methyl butyl 2-butenoate | |
para- | tolualdehyde | FL/FR |
meta- | tolualdehyde | FL/FR |
green |
| diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
| magnolia flower oil | FL/FR |
| seaweed absolute (fucus vesiculosus et serratus) | FL/FR |
herbal |
6- | acetoxydihydrotheaspirane | FL/FR |
| ajowan seed oil | FL/FR |
| clary sage absolute | FL/FR |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
2,10- | epoxypinane | FR |
| matricaria chamomilla flower oil | FL/FR |
| myrtenol | FL/FR |
| safranal | FL/FR |
white | thyme oil | FL/FR |
| thyme oil (thymus zygis gracillis) spain | FL/FR |
red | thyme oil spain | FL/FR |
| thymol | FL/FR |
honey |
| phenyl pyruvic acid | FL/FR |
leathery |
2-tert- | butyl-6-methyl phenol | FR |
licorice |
(E)- | anethol | FL/FR |
sweet | basil oleoresin | FL/FR |
meta- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
2- | hydroxybenzaldehyde | FL/FR |
summer | savory oil | FL/FR |
2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
minty |
| piperitenone | FL/FR |
(-)-iso | pulegol | FL/FR |
mossy |
| oakmoss concrete | FR |
| sea resorcylate | FR |
| veramoss (IFF) | FR |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
ketoiso | phorone | FL/FR |
naphthyl |
1- | methyl naphthalene | FL/FR |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
meta- | cresol | FR |
ortho- | cresol | FR |
2,3- | dimethyl benzofuran | FL/FR |
para-alpha- | dimethyl styrene | FL/FR |
ortho- | guaiacol | FL/FR |
2'- | hydroxyacetophenone | FL/FR |
| methyl benzoate | FL/FR |
4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| piper betle leaf oil | FR |
4- | propyl phenol | FL/FR |
2- | propyl phenol | FL/FR |
2,5- | xylenol | FL/FR |
2,3- | xylenol | FL/FR |
popcorn |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
smoky |
4- | ethyl phenol | FL/FR |
| pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
spicy |
| carvacrol | FL/FR |
(-)- | cubenol | FL/FR |
| elettaria cardamomum seed oil | FL/FR |
4- | ethyl guaiacol | FL/FR |
ortho- | methoxycinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
4- | methyl guaiacol | FL/FR |
| zingerone | FL/FR |
sulfurous |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
vanilla |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
woody |
(E)-alpha- | bergamotene | |
| cyperus root oil (cyperus rotundus) | FR |
| guaiacyl acetate | FL/FR |
(-)- | guaiol | FR |
| longifolene | FL/FR |
beta- | thujaplicin | FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
6- | acetoxydihydrotheaspirane | FL/FR |
| benzoin | FL/FR |
(E)-alpha- | bergamotene | |
| chavicol | FL |
2,4- | dihydroxybenzoic acid | FL |
2,6- | dimethoxy-4-vinyl phenol | FL |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
| guaiyl acetate | FL/FR |
| magnolia flower oil | FL/FR |
3- | methyl crotonic acid | FL |
4- | methyl salicylaldehyde | FL |
2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| piperitenone | FL/FR |
2- | propyl phenol | FL/FR |
4- | propyl phenol | FL/FR |
1-iso | propyl-2-methyl butyl 2-butenoate | |
para- | salicylic acid | FL |
| seaweed absolute (fucus vesiculosus et serratus) | FL/FR |
alliaceous |
| benzyl mercaptan | FL |
| dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
anise |
(E)- | anethol | FL/FR |
bitter |
3,4- | dihydroxybenzaldehyde | FL |
brown |
1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
burnt |
| furfuryl alcohol | FL |
2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
caramellic |
| caramel furanone | FL |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
chemical |
2,3- | dimethyl benzofuran | FL/FR |
meta- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| styralyl alcohol | FL/FR |
citrus |
ketoiso | phorone | FL/FR |
| verbena absolute france | FL/FR |
coffee |
| coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| coffee dione | FL/FR |
| coffee pyrazine | FL |
| difurfuryl ether | FL |
| diisoamyl thiomalate | FL |
2,4- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
2- | thiophene thiol | FL |
coumarinic |
| phthalide | FL/FR |
creamy |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
earthy |
| difurfuryl sulfide | FL |
fishy |
3- | penten-2-one | FL |
floral |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (90% min.) | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
fruity |
| benzyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl propionate | FL |
meta- | tolualdehyde | FL/FR |
fusel |
2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
green |
| diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
| geranyl formate | FL/FR |
| heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine | FL |
herbal |
| ajowan seed oil | FL/FR |
| clary sage absolute | FL/FR |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| matricaria chamomilla flower oil | FL/FR |
white | thyme oil | FL/FR |
| thyme oil (thymus zygis gracillis) spain | FL/FR |
red | thyme oil spain | FL/FR |
honey |
| phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
licorice |
sweet | basil oleoresin | FL/FR |
meaty |
| benzothiazole | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl thiophenol | FL |
2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
ortho- | thioguaiacol | FL |
medicinal |
dextro- | camphor | FL/FR |
summer | savory oil | FL/FR |
minty |
| myrtenol | FL/FR |
(-)-iso | pulegol | FL/FR |
mustard |
| furfuryl methyl ether | FL |
musty |
2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2- | ethoxythiazole | FL |
| menthofuran | FL/FR |
2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
2,5- | xylenol | FL/FR |
naphthyl |
2'- | hydroxyacetophenone | FL/FR |
1- | methyl naphthalene | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
3,5(6)- | cocoa pyrazine | FL |
3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
onion |
| furfuryl isopropyl sulfide | FL |
phenolic |
| guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| methyl benzoate | FL/FR |
4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| phenyl pyruvic acid | FL/FR |
| thymol | FL/FR |
2,3- | xylenol | FL/FR |
powdery |
ortho- | acetanisole | FL/FR |
roasted |
2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate | FL |
| furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
rummy |
| vanillyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
smoky |
4- | ethyl phenol | FL/FR |
| pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
spicy |
sumatra | benzoin absolute | FL/FR |
| carvacrol | FL/FR |
(-)- | cubenol | FL/FR |
para-alpha- | dimethyl styrene | FL/FR |
| elettaria cardamomum seed oil | FL/FR |
2- | hydroxybenzaldehyde | FL/FR |
ortho- | methoxycinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
4- | methyl guaiacol | FL/FR |
winter | savory oil | FL |
para- | tolualdehyde | FL/FR |
| zingerone | FL/FR |
sulfurous |
| butyl mercaptan | FL |
| ethyl methyl sulfide | FL |
S- | ethyl thioacetate | FL |
S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
2- | thienyl mercaptan | FL |
vegetable |
1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
woody |
iso | bornyl formate | FL/FR |
4- | ethyl guaiacol | FL/FR |
ortho- | guaiacol | FL/FR |
| guaiacyl acetate | FL/FR |
| longifolene | FL/FR |
| safranal | FL/FR |
|
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
4- | ethenyl phenol | 4- | ethenylphenol | p- | ethenylphenol | 4- | hydroxystyrene | p- | hydroxystyrene | para- | hydroxystyrene | | maruzen M | | phenol, 4-ethenyl- | | phenol, 4-vinyl- | | phenol, p-vinyl- | 4- | vinyl phenol | p- | vinyl phenol | para- | vinyl phenol | 4- | vinyl phenol 10% in propylene glycol | para- | vinyl-phenol | 4- | vinylphenol | p- | vinylphenol | 4- | vinylphenol 10% in PG | 4- | vinylphenol solution |
Articles:
PubMed: | Genetic Determinants for Enzymatic Digestion of Lignocellulosic Biomass Are Independent of Those for Lignin Abundance in a Maize Recombinant Inbred Population. |
PubMed: | Bioproduction of 4-vinylphenol from corn cob alkaline hydrolyzate in two-phase extractive fermentation using free or immobilized recombinant E. coli expressing pad gene. |
PubMed: | High crystalline dithienosilole-cored small molecule semiconductor for ambipolar transistor and nonvolatile memory. |
PubMed: | Poly-4-vinylphenol and poly(melamine-co-formaldehyde)-based graphene passivation method for flexible, wearable and transparent electronics. |
PubMed: | Blending effect of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene-graphene composite layers for flexible thin film transistors with a polymer gate dielectric. |
PubMed: | Free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds in cherry (Prunus avium L.). |
PubMed: | A selective molecularly imprinted polymer-carbon nanotube sensor for cotinine sensing. |
PubMed: | Metabolism of styrene to styrene oxide and vinylphenols in cytochrome P450 2F2- and P450 2E1-knockout mouse liver and lung microsomes. |
PubMed: | Characterization of the key aroma compounds in two bavarian wheat beers by means of the sensomics approach. |
PubMed: | Evaluation of aroma differences between high-salt liquid-state fermentation and low-salt solid-state fermentation soy sauces from China. |
PubMed: | Production of volatile phenols by Lactobacillus plantarum in wine conditions. |
PubMed: | Epigenetics meets metabolomics: an epigenome-wide association study with blood serum metabolic traits. |
PubMed: | [Chemical consitituents from root of Isatis indigotica]. |
PubMed: | Semi-transparent a-IGZO thin-film transistors with polymeric gate dielectric. |
PubMed: | Additive effect of poly(4-vinylphenol) gate dielectric in organic thin film transistor at low temperature process. |
PubMed: | Key aroma compounds in roasted in-shell peanuts. |
PubMed: | Flexible high-performance all-inkjet-printed inverters: organo-compatible and stable interface engineering. |
PubMed: | Biotransformation of caffeoyl quinic acids from green coffee extracts by Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533. |
PubMed: | Novel low voltage and solution processable organic thin film transistors based on water dispersed polymer semiconductor nanoparticulates. |
PubMed: | Characterization of the aroma signature of styrian pumpkin seed oil ( Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. Styriaca) by molecular sensory science. |
PubMed: | Studies of styrene, styrene oxide and 4-hydroxystyrene toxicity in CYP2F2 knockout and CYP2F1 humanized mice support lack of human relevance for mouse lung tumors. |
PubMed: | Formation of styrene dependent on fermentation management during wheat beer production. |
PubMed: | Asymmetric enzymatic hydration of hydroxystyrene derivatives. |
PubMed: | Cooperative effects for CYP2E1 differ between styrene and its metabolites. |
PubMed: | Molecular and physiological comparison of spoilage wine yeasts. |
PubMed: | Formation of metal and dielectric liners using a solution process for deep trench capacitors. |
PubMed: | Patterning of Conducting Polymers Using UV Lithography: The In-Situ Polymerization Approach. |
PubMed: | Low-voltage-driven pentacene thin-film transistors with cross-linked poly(4-vinylphenol)/high-k Bi55b3O15 hybrid dielectric for phototransistor. |
PubMed: | Isolation and identification of a potent radical scavenger (canolol) from roasted high erucic mustard seed oil from Nepal and its formation during roasting. |
PubMed: | Application of LC-MS and tristimulus colorimetry to assess the ageing aptitude of Syrah wine in the Condado de Huelva D.O. (Spain), a typical warm climate region. |
PubMed: | High performance flexible organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) with octadecyltrichlorsilane/ Al2O3/poly(4-vinylphenol) multilayer insulators. |
PubMed: | Optimisation of a sensitive method based on ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction for the simultaneous determination of haloanisoles and volatile phenols in wine. |
PubMed: | Fabrication of arrayed Si nanowire-based nano-floating gate memory devices on flexible plastics. |
PubMed: | Effect of thermal sterilization on ferulic, coumaric and cinnamic acids: dimerization and antioxidant activity. |
PubMed: | Characterization of the key aroma compounds in rape honey by means of the molecular sensory science concept. |
PubMed: | Solvent-adoptable polymer Ni/NiCo alloy nanochains: highly active and versatile catalysts for various organic reactions in both aqueous and nonaqueous media. |
PubMed: | Anti-inflammatory effect of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol via the suppression of NF-κB and MAPK activation, and acetylation of histone H3. |
PubMed: | Study of surface-modified PVP gate dielectric in organic thin film transistors with the nano-particle silver ink source/drain electrode. |
PubMed: | Association of poly(4-hydroxystyrene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) in aqueous solutions: block copolymer nanoparticles with intermixed blocks. |
PubMed: | Ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction for the sensitive determination of Brett character responsible compounds in wines. |
PubMed: | Fabrication of robust multilayer films by triggering the coupling reaction between phenol and primary amine groups with visible light irradiation. |
PubMed: | Moisture-induced hysteresis of pentacene thin film transistors with cross-linked poly(4-vinylphenol) gate dielectrics. |
PubMed: | Nonvolatile write-once-read-many times memory devices based on the composites of poly(4-vinylphenol)/Vulcan XC-72. |
PubMed: | Preparation of poly(4-vinylphenol)/titanium dioxide composite and its application as a gate dielectric for organic thin-film transistors. |
PubMed: | Hepatotoxicity and pneumotoxicity of styrene and its metabolites in glutathione S-transferase-deficient mice. |
PubMed: | Characterization of odor-active compounds of various cherry wines by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-olfactometry and their correlation with sensory attributes. |
PubMed: | Wine phenolic compounds influence the production of volatile phenols by wine-related lactic acid bacteria. |
PubMed: | Comparison of fermented soybean paste (Doenjang) prepared by different methods based on profiling of volatile compounds. |
PubMed: | Factors influencing the production of volatile phenols by wine lactic acid bacteria. |
PubMed: | Development of a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for the simultaneous determination of the main compounds causing cork taint and Brett character in wines using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Single-conformation ultraviolet and infrared spectra of jet-cooled monolignols: p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol. |
PubMed: | Vibrational and electronic spectroscopy of the 4-hydroxystyrene-CO2 cluster and its hydrate: a para-coumaric acid impostor. |
PubMed: | One-dimensional semiconductor nanostructure based thin-film partial composite formed by transfer implantation for high-performance flexible and printable electronics at low temperature. |
PubMed: | Mechanism of the organocatalyzed decarboxylative Knoevenagel-Doebner reaction. A theoretical study. |
PubMed: | Facile fabrication of robust multilayer films: visible light-triggered chemical cross-linking by the catalysis of a ruthenium(II) complex. |
PubMed: | Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatiles from Degenia velebitica, a European stenoendemic plant of the Brassicaceae family. |
PubMed: | In vitro metabolism, glutathione conjugation, and CYP isoform specificity of epoxidation of 4-vinylphenol. |
PubMed: | Computational analysis for hepatic safety signals of constituents present in botanical extracts widely used by women in the United States for treatment of menopausal symptoms. |
PubMed: | 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol can induce cell cycle arrest by blocking the hyper-phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein in benzo[a]pyrene-treated NIH3T3 cells. |
PubMed: | Optimisation of a simple and reliable method based on headspace solid-phase microextraction for the determination of volatile phenols in beer. |
PubMed: | Detection of phenolic metabolites of styrene in mouse liver and lung microsomal incubations. |
PubMed: | Enhanced volatile phenols in wine fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and spoiled with Pichia guilliermondii and Dekkera bruxellensis. |
PubMed: | Anthocyanins profile of grape berries of Vitis amurensis, its hybrids and their wines. |
PubMed: | Volatile compounds and the changes in their concentration levels during storage in beers containing varying malt concentrations. |
PubMed: | Identification of novel aroma-active thiols in pan-roasted white sesame seeds. |
PubMed: | Assessing variability and comparing short-term biomarkers of styrene exposure using a repeated measurements approach. |
PubMed: | Headspace solid-phase microextraction for direct determination of volatile phenols in cider. |
PubMed: | Production of 4-ethylphenol from 4-hydroxycinnamic acid by Lactobacillus sp. isolated from a swine waste lagoon. |
PubMed: | New urinary metabolites formed from ring-oxidized metabolic intermediates of styrene. |
PubMed: | Spoilage yeasts in Patagonian winemaking: molecular and physiological features of Pichia guilliermondii indigenous isolates. |
PubMed: | Biomarkers of nucleic acid oxidation, polymorphism in, and expression of, hOGG1 gene in styrene-exposed workers. |
PubMed: | Minimization of ethylphenol precursors in red wines via the formation of pyranoanthocyanins by selected yeasts. |
PubMed: | In vitro estrogenic activity of Asplenium trichomanes L. extracts and isolated compounds. |
PubMed: | Pharmacological activity of compounds extracted from persimmon peel (Diospyros kaki THUNB.). |
PubMed: | Investigation of polymer thin films by use of Bi-cluster-ion-supported time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | A method for estimating Dekkera/Brettanomyces populations in wines. |
PubMed: | Factors affecting the hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase/vinylphenol reductase activity of dekkera/brettanomyces: application for dekkera/brettanomyces control in red wine making. |
PubMed: | Study of the coumarate decarboxylase and vinylphenol reductase activities of Dekkera bruxellensis (anamorph Brettanomyces bruxellensis) isolates. |
PubMed: | CC10 mRNA and protein expression in Clara cells of CD-1 mice following exposure to styrene or its metabolites styrene oxide or 4-vinylphenol. |
PubMed: | An integrated approach to biomonitoring exposure to styrene and styrene-(7,8)-oxide using a repeated measurements sampling design. |
PubMed: | Partial vinylphenol reductase purification and characterization from Brettanomyces bruxellensis. |
PubMed: | Water properties in the super-salt-resistive gel probed by NMR and DSC. |
PubMed: | Off-line pyrolysis and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis of lignin moieties: a new method for determining the fate of lignin residues in soil. |
PubMed: | [Insecticidal activity and active components of alcohol extract from Juglans mandshurica Maxim leaves]. |
PubMed: | Studies on the cytotoxicity of miscellaneous compounds from Eupatorium betonicaeforme (D.C.) Baker (Asteraceae). |
PubMed: | A structure-activity relationship study on a natural germination inhibitor, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (MVP), in wheat seeds to evaluate its mode of action. |
PubMed: | High-added-value antioxidants obtained from the degradation of wine phenolics by Lactobacillus plantarum. |
PubMed: | Variability in the release of free and bound hydroxycinnamic acids from diverse malted barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars during wort production. |
PubMed: | Decarboxylation of sorbic acid by spoilage yeasts is associated with the PAD1 gene. |
PubMed: | Multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction for eliminating matrix effect in the simultaneous determination of haloanisoles and volatile phenols in wines. |
PubMed: | Changes in key odorants of raw coffee beans during storage under defined conditions. |
PubMed: | Calcium alginate bead immobilization of cells containing tyrosine ammonia lyase activity for use in the production of p-hydroxycinnamic acid. |
PubMed: | Functional expression of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes in Escherichia coli for conversion of glucose to p-hydroxystyrene. |
PubMed: | [Extraction and determination of essential oils in Indocalamus latifolius leaves and Indocalamus tessellatus leaves]. |
PubMed: | Determination of volatile phenols in wine using high-performance liquid chromatography with a coulometric array detector. |
PubMed: | Characterization of aroma compounds in apple cider using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation and headspace solid-phase microextraction. |
PubMed: | Determination of Brett character responsible compounds in wines by using multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction. |
PubMed: | Rapid headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric assay for the quantitative determination of some of the main odorants causing off-flavours in wine. |
PubMed: | Development of a general Pd(II)-catalyzed intermolecular hydroalkoxylation reaction of vinylphenols by using a sacrificial alcohol as the hydride source. |
PubMed: | Phenols and lignans from Chenopodium album. |
PubMed: | Cooperative hydrogen bonds of macromolecules. 2. Two-dimensional cooperativity in the binding of poly(4-vinylpyridine) to poly(4-vinylphenol). |
PubMed: | Comparison of styrene and its metabolites styrene oxide and 4-vinylphenol on cytotoxicity and glutathione depletion in Clara cells of mice and rats. |
PubMed: | Cooperative h-bonds of macromolecules. 1. Binding of low-molecular-weight ligands to polymers. |
PubMed: | Chemical composition of abaca (Musa textilis) leaf fibers used for manufacturing of high quality paper pulps. |
PubMed: | Reactivity of 4-vinylphenol radical cations in solution: implications for the biosynthesis of lignans. |
PubMed: | Effect of copigments and grape cultivar on the color of red wines fermented after the addition of copigments. |
PubMed: | Synthesis and structural characterization of a series of high-hydride content osmium-rhodium carbonyl complexes by the hydrogenation of arene-coordinated clusters. |
PubMed: | A modification of the Hammett equation for predicting ionisation constants of p-vinyl phenols. |
PubMed: | Effects of styrene and its metabolites on different lung compartments of the mouse--cell proliferation and histomorphology. |
PubMed: | [Studies on the chemical constituents of the essential oil from the leaves of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen]. |
PubMed: | Ring-oxidized metabolites of styrene contribute to styrene-induced Clara-cell toxicity in mice. |
PubMed: | [Contrastive analysis of volatile oil from Serissa serissoides in different seasons]. |
PubMed: | Comparison of the depletion of glutathione in mouse liver and lung following administration of styrene and its metabolites styrene oxide and 4-vinylphenol. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of size-tunable gold nanoparticles by poly(vinylphenol) and electrostatic multilayer deposition of the gold-poly(vinylphenol) nanocomposites. |
PubMed: | Characterization of anthocyanins and pyranoanthocyanins from blood orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] juice. |
PubMed: | Identification and quantitation of compounds in a series of allelopathic and non-allelopathic rice root exudates. |
PubMed: | Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of the essential oils from Eupatorium betonicaeforme (D.C.) Baker (Asteraceae). |
PubMed: | Hydrogen-bonding-directed layer-by-layer assembly of poly(4-vinylpyridine) and poly(4-vinylphenol): effect of solvent composition on multilayer buildup. |
PubMed: | Influence of selected inhibitors on the metabolism of the styrene metabolite 4-vinylphenol in wild-type and CYP2E1 knockout mice. |
PubMed: | Occurrence of pyranoanthocyanins in sparkling wines manufactured with red grape varieties. |
PubMed: | [Genetic polymorphism of biotransforming enzymes and genotoxic effects of styrenes]. |
PubMed: | [Urinary excretion of 4-vinyl phenol after experimental and occupational exposure to styrene]. |
PubMed: | Anthocyanin transformation in Cabernet Sauvignon wine during aging. |
PubMed: | Metabolism and toxicity of the styrene metabolite 4-vinylphenol in CYP2E1 knockout mice. |
PubMed: | FT-IR study of a chemically amplified resist for X-ray lithography. |
PubMed: | Molecular modeling of polymer composite-analyte interactions in electronic nose sensors. |
PubMed: | Assessment of biotransformation of the arene moiety of styrene in volunteers and occupationally exposed workers. |
PubMed: | Pathway leading to the formation of anthocyanin-vinylphenol adducts and related pigments in red wines. |
PubMed: | Impact odorants of different young white wines from the Canary Islands. |
PubMed: | PEO flocculation with phenolic microparticles. |
PubMed: | Liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry characterization of styrene metabolism in man and in rat. |
PubMed: | Germination and growth inhibitors from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) husks. |
PubMed: | 4-Vinylphenol-induced pneumotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in mice. |
PubMed: | Determination of minor and trace volatile compounds in wine by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. |
PubMed: | Effect of the inhibition of the metabolism of 4-vinylphenol on its hepatotoxicity and pneumotoxicity in rats and mice. |
PubMed: | Styrene respiratory tract toxicity and mouse lung tumors are mediated by CYP2F-generated metabolites. |
PubMed: | GSTM1 polymorphism and styrene metabolism: insights from an acute accidental exposure. |
PubMed: | Isolation from a shea cake digester of a tannin-degrading Streptococcus gallolyticus strain that decarboxylates protocatechuic and hydroxycinnamic acids, and emendation of the species. |
PubMed: | Screening for potential pigments derived from anthocyanins in red wine using nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Metabolism of cinnamic acids by some Clostridiales and emendation of the descriptions of Clostridium aerotolerans, Clostridium celerecrescens and Clostridium xylanolyticum. |
PubMed: | Microbial transformations of p-coumaric acid by Bacillus megaterium and Curvularia lunata. |
PubMed: | Effect of overexpression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pad1p on the resistance to phenylacrylic acids and lignocellulose hydrolysates under aerobic and oxygen-limited conditions. |
PubMed: | Isolation and structures of two new compounds from the essential oil of Brazilian propolis. |
PubMed: | Metabolism of the styrene metabolite 4-vinylphenol by rat and mouse liver and lung. |
PubMed: | Change in the flavor of black tea drink during heat processing. |
PubMed: | Decarboxylation of substituted cinnamic acids by lactic acid bacteria isolated during malt whisky fermentation. |
PubMed: | Spectral editing of 13C cp/MAS NMR spectra of complex systems: application to the structural characterisation of cork cell walls. |
PubMed: | Identification of potent odorants in Japanese green tea (Sen-cha). |
PubMed: | Enantioselective hydroxylation of 4-alkylphenols by vanillyl alcohol oxidase |
PubMed: | Purification and characterization of ferulate and p-coumarate decarboxylase from Bacillus pumilus. |
PubMed: | Endothelial cell growth on oxygen-containing films deposited by radio-frequency plasmas: the role of surface carbonyl groups. |
PubMed: | Stereochemical aspects of the oxidation of 4-ethylphenol by the bacterial enzyme 4-ethylphenol methylenehydroxylase. |
PubMed: | Studies on Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum, IV. Isolation of three p-hydroxystyrene glycosides and an efficient method for the isolation of ptaquiloside, an unstable bracken carcinogen. |
PubMed: | Hepatic microsomal oxidation of styrene to 4-hydroxystyrene 7,8-glycol via 4-hydroxystyrene and its 7,8-oxide as short-lived intermediates. |
PubMed: | Contact allergy to styrene and related chemicals. |
PubMed: | Biological monitoring and health surveillance of workers exposed to styrene. |
PubMed: | Studies on metabolism and toxicity of styrene. IV. 1-Vinylbenzene 3, 4-oxide, a potent mutagen formed as a possible intermediate in the metabolism in vivo of styrene to 4-vinylphenol. |
PubMed: | 4-Vinylphenol excretion suggestive of arene oxide formation in workers occupationally exposed to styrene. |
PubMed: | Arene oxides in styrene metabolism, a new perspective in styrene toxicity? |
PubMed: | The influence of heat on the aroma of cloudberries (rubus Chamaemorus l.). |
PubMed: | Prostaglandins and cannabias-V. identification of p-vinylphenol as a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis. |
US Patents: | Process for preparing vinyl phenol |
PubMed: | [Studies on the essential oil of green tea. I. Isolation of dihydroactinidiolide and p-vinylphenol]. |
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