Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | yellow to yellow green clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 96.00 to 100.00 %
|
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
Melting Point: | -52.00 to -51.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Boiling Point: | 108.00 to 112.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Vapor Pressure: | 20.000000 mmHg @ 20.00 °C. |
Vapor Density: | 3.4 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 66.00 °F. TCC ( 18.89 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | -0.850 |
Shelf Life: | 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | fixed oils | | propylene glycol | | water, 66700 mg/L @ 15 °C (exp) |
Insoluble in: |
| water | | glycerin |
Similar Items: note |
pentane-2,4-dione |
1,5-pentane dione |
Organoleptic Properties:
|
Odor Type: buttery |
|
Odor Strength: | high , recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less |
|
Substantivity: | 12 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
|
| pungent sweet buttery creamy caramellic nutty cheesy |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | pungent sweet butter creamy caramel nutty cheese Luebke, William tgsc, (1987) |
|
| buttery nutty toasted caramellic buttery |
Odor Description:
| Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes Mosciano, Gerard P&F 22, No. 1, 57, (1997) |
|
|
Flavor Type: toasted |
|
| toasted buttery caramellic marshmallow molasses |
Taste Description: at 5.00 ppm. | Toasted, buttery and caramellic with marshmallow and molasses nuances Mosciano, Gerard P&F 22, No. 1, 57, (1997) |
|
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
|
Sigma-Aldrich |
2,3-Pentanedione, ≥96%, FCC, FG |
Odor Description: | almond; butter; caramel; cheese; chocolate; creamy; nutty; fruity; sweet; coffee |
Taste Description: | creamy sweet butter brown fruity |
|
Symrise |
Pentandione-2,3 |
Taste Description: | sweet, buttery, creamy, milky, toffee, with a fruity nuance Useful in: brown caramel, brown nuts, brown coffee, brown others, dairy, savory meat, fruity red, fruity yellow, sweet others, alcoholics. |
|
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
Acetyl Propionyl Natural |
Odor Description: | Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes |
|
|
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
ACS International |
Pentanedione-2,3
|
Operational Capabilities |
ACS International |
Pentanedione-2,3
Odor: butter toasted caramelic molasses |
Advanced Biotech |
ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
93% min. (mixed keto-enol) Odor: Sweet, buttery |
Advanced Biotech |
ACETYL PROPIONYL SYNTHETIC
93% min. Odor: Sweet, buttery |
Alfrebro |
ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
Odor: Penetrating, Buttery |
Ambles Nature et Chimie |
2.3-PENTANEDIONE
|
Anhui Haibei |
Acetyl Propionyl
|
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
2,3-Pentadione
|
Artiste |
Acetyl Propionyl Natural
|
Augustus Oils |
Acetyl Propionyl
|
Services |
Aurochemicals |
ACETYL PROPIONYL, Natural
|
Beijing Lys Chemicals |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
Beijing Lys Chemicals |
Natural Acetyl propionyl
|
Berjé |
Acetyl Propionyl Natural
|
Media |
BOC Sciences |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
Carbosynth |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
Charkit Chemical |
PENTANEDIONE, 2,3- P0050 FEMA 2841
|
CJ Latta & Associates |
ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
DeLong Chemicals America |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
Diffusions Aromatiques |
2-3 PENTANEDIONE
|
Elan Inc. |
ACETYL PROPIONYL
Kosher |
EMD Millipore |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
Ernesto Ventós |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE NATURAL
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, PUNGENT |
Ernesto Ventós |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, PUNGENT |
FCI SAS |
ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL EU
Flavor: Butter |
Fleurchem |
acetyl propionyl natural
|
Frutarom |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE 98
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Cheesy, Nutty |
CBD Offering |
H. Interdonati, Inc. |
Acetylpropionyl Natural, Kosher
|
Featured Products |
IFF |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE 98
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Cheesy, Nutty |
Indukern F&F |
ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, OILY |
Indukern F&F |
ACETYL PROPIONYL
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, OILY |
Jiangyin Healthway |
Acetyl Propionyl Natural99%
|
New functional food ingredients |
Jinan Enlighten Chemical Technology(Wutong Aroma ) |
2,3-Pentanedione, Kosherk
|
K.L. Koh Enterprise |
ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
Kingchem Laboratories |
ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
|
Kingchem Laboratories |
ACETYL PROPIONYL SYNTH
|
Lluch Essence |
ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
|
Lluch Essence |
ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
M&U International |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE, Kosher
|
M&U International |
NAT. 2,3-PENTANEDIONE
|
Moellhausen |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE
|
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
Acetyl Propionyl
Odor: Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes |
Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
Acetyl Propionyl
Natural Odor: Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes |
Natural Advantage |
Acetyl Propionyl Nat
Flavor: buttery, creamy, fatty, oily |
Riverside Aromatics LTD.is the exclusive distributor for Europe in UK for any non-US based inquiries |
O'Laughlin Industries |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE
|
O'Laughlin Industries |
ACETYL PROPRIONYL NATURAL
|
Oamic Ingredients |
Acetyl Propionyl
EU Natural Odor: Penetrating, buttery on dilution |
OQEMA |
Acetyl Propionyl natural
|
Pearlchem Corporation |
Acetyl Propionyl
|
Pfaltz & Bauer |
For experimental / research use only. |
Acetylpropionyl 97%
|
Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
Acetyl Proprionyl Natural
|
R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
Acetyl Propionyl
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
Acetyl Propionyl natural
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
Acetyl Propionyl
|
Riverside Aromatics |
2,3-PENTANEDIONE NATURAL
|
Robertet |
Acetyl propionyl naturel
|
Seasons and Harvest / Crop calendar |
Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Pentanedione ≥96%
|
Sigma-Aldrich |
2,3-Pentanedione, ≥96%, FCC, FG
Odor: almond; butter; caramel; cheese; chocolate; creamy; nutty; fruity; sweet; coffee |
Certified Food Grade Products |
Sigma-Aldrich |
2,3-Pentanedione, natural, ≥96%, FG
Odor: almond; butter; caramel; cheese; chocolate; creamy; nutty; fruity; sweet; coffee |
SRS Aromatics |
ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
Sunaux International |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
Synerzine |
acetyl propionyl (natural)
|
Synerzine |
acetyl propionyl (synthetic)
|
Taytonn ASCC |
2,3-Pentanedione
Odor: Buttery, Caramellic/ Caramel, Sweet |
TCI AMERICA |
For experimental / research use only. |
2,3-Pentanedione >97.0%(GC)
|
The Lermond Company |
ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
Tianjin Danjun International |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
United International |
2,3-Pentanedione
|
Vigon International |
Acetyl Propionyl FCC (2,3-Pentanedione)
Odor: POWERFUL, PENETRATING ODOR (BUTTERY CHARACTER ON DILUTION) |
Vigon International |
Acetyl Propionyl FCC Pure
|
Vigon International |
Acetyl Propionyl Natural FCC (2,3-Pentanedione)
Odor: Pungent sweet butter creamy caramel nutty cheese |
WholeChem |
Acetyl Propionyl, Natural
|
WholeChem |
Acetyl Propionyl
|
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi - Irritant |
R 11 - Highly flammable. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
|
Hazards identification |
|
Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
|
Pictogram | |
|
Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Human Experience: |
4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 3000 mg/kg (Moreno, 1977d)
|
Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 2500 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 699, 1979.
|
Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
Recommendation for acetyl propionyl usage levels up to: | | 0.0800 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
|
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 130.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29 |
Click here to view publication 3 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | 5.00000 | 11.00000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | 1.00000 | 2.00000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | 3.00000 | 10.00000 |
breakfast cereal: | 12.00000 | 12.00000 |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | 0.04000 | 0.04000 |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | 0.30000 | 0.30000 |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | 4.00000 | 10.00000 |
fruit ices: | - | - |
gelatins / puddings: | 4.00000 | 8.00000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | 0.20000 | 0.40000 |
hard candy: | 40.00000 | 58.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | 4.00000 | 6.00000 |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | 4.00000 | 11.00000 |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | 0.30000 | 0.60000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 11 (FGE.11): Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 11, Revision 1 (FGE.11Rev1) - Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Safety and efficacy of secondary aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohols, ketones, ketals and esters with a second secondary or tertiary oxygenated functional group belonging to chemical group 10 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
AIDS Citations: | Search |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 600-14-6 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 11747 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WISER: | UN 1224 |
WGK Germany: | 1 |
| pentane-2,3-dione |
Chemidplus: | 0000600146 |
RTECS: | SA1850000 for cas# 600-14-6 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
|
For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
| butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
acidic |
iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
| acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
animal |
| costus valerolactone | FR |
anisic |
para- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
balsamic |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| benzyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
berry |
| raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
bready |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
buttery |
| acetoin | FL/FR |
| acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| acetyl butyryl | FL/FR |
| acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
| apple butter fragrance | FR |
| butter fragrance | FR |
| butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
caramellic |
2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
| ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| levulinic acid | FL/FR |
| maltol | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
cheesy |
| butyric acid | FL/FR |
2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
chocolate |
iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
citrus |
| bergamot oil | FL/FR |
blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
sweet | orange peel oil c.p. brazil | FL/FR |
cocoa |
| cocoa butter fragrance | FR |
coconut |
| coconut decanone methyl | FR |
delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
coumarinic |
epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
2,3- | butane diol | FR |
gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
| creamy lactone | FL/FR |
| cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
(Z)-gamma- | jasmolactone | FR |
delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| waxy lactone | FL/FR |
earthy |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
ethereal |
iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
fatty |
| butter esters | FL/FR |
| butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
(Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
| ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
fermented |
| butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
floral |
| acetophenone | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| floral pyranol | FR |
| geraniol | FL/FR |
| geranyl acetate | FL/FR |
| heliotropin | FL/FR |
| heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
| hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| leerall | FR |
| linalool | FL/FR |
laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| nerol | FL/FR |
| ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
fruity |
| acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
| amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
(S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
| prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
green |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| butyl lactate | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| hexyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
hay |
| beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
| linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
marine |
| marine pyridine | FR |
melon |
(Z)-6- | nonenal | FL/FR |
| watermelon ketone | FR |
milky |
laevo- | glutamine | CS |
mushroom |
3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
(-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
oily |
| butter acids | FL/FR |
plastic |
1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
popcorn |
2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
soapy |
| ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
spicy |
| allspice oil | FL/FR |
| cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| clove bud oil | FL/FR |
alpha- | methyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
sweet |
| vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
terpenic |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
tonka |
6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
gamma- | hexalactone | FL/FR |
| mint lactone | FL/FR |
| tonka bean absolute | FR |
| whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
tropical |
delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
vanilla |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| vanillin | FL/FR |
| vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
| methional | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
| ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl laurate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
woody |
| amber carbinol | FR |
| santall | FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
(E)- | aconitic acid | FL |
| allyl methyl trisulfide | FL |
| amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| butter nut rum flavor | FL |
| butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
(S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
6- | decenoic acid | FL |
alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl butyryl lactate | FL |
| farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
3-( | methyl thio) hexanal | FL |
4,5- | octane dione | FL |
(E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| sodium 4-methyl-2-oxovalerate | FL |
acidic |
iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| levulinic acid | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
| acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
alliaceous |
3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
amber |
iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
anisic |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
balsamic |
siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
berry |
| heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
bitter |
| glyceryl tributyrate | FL |
brown |
| beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
burnt |
2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
buttery |
| acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| bovolide | FL |
| butter cream frosting flavor | FL |
| butter enhancers | FL |
| butter flavor | FL |
sweet | butter flavor | FL |
creamy | butter flavor | FL |
| butter maple flavor | FL |
| butter nut vanilla flavor | FL |
| butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| butter pecan flavor | FL |
| butter praline flavor | FL |
| butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
| butter toffee flavor | FL |
| butter vanilla nut flavor | FL |
iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| butyroin | FL |
| diacetyl | FL |
| ghee flavor | FL |
2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
(E)-2- | pentenoic acid | FL |
cabbage |
| methyl 2-thiofuroate | FL |
caramellic |
| butter rum toffee flavor | FL |
| caramel furanone | FL |
| cyclotene | FL/FR |
| ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| maltol | FL/FR |
toasted | maple nut flavor | FL |
toasted | marshmallow flavor | FL |
3- | methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate | FL |
1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
toasted | praline flavor | FL |
| strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
cheesy |
2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
cherry |
| heliotropin | FL/FR |
chocolate |
| chocolate butter cream flavor | FL |
citrus |
| bergamot oil | FL/FR |
| butter lemon orange flavor | FL |
laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| linalool | FL/FR |
| nerol | FL/FR |
blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
sweet | orange peel oil c.p. brazil | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
coconut |
delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
(R)- | massoia lactone | FL |
6- | methyl coumarin | FL |
gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
corn chip |
2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
creamy |
| acetoin | FL/FR |
| acetoin butyrate | FL |
| acetyl butyryl | FL/FR |
| acetyl ethyl carbinol | FL |
| acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
para- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
| butter esters | FL/FR |
| butter fat enzyme modified with added butyric acid | FL |
| butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| creamy lactone | FL/FR |
5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
5,5- | dibutyl dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | FL |
| divanillin | FL |
delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
gamma- | hexalactone | FL/FR |
| jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| mint lactone | FL/FR |
delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
| octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| waxy lactone | FL/FR |
dairy |
| acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
4- | pentenoic acid | FL |
earthy |
1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
fatty |
| butter acids | FL/FR |
(Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| diacetyl trimer | FL |
| ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
2,4- | octadien-1-ol | FL |
2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
(E,E)-2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
floral |
iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| geraniol | FL/FR |
| linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
fruity |
| acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
| acetyl isovaleryl | FL |
| benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
| rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
green |
| butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| geranyl acetate | FL/FR |
| heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetal | FL |
(Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
(Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
| hexyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| linalool oxide | FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
(Z)-6- | nonenal | FL/FR |
2,3- | octane dione | FL |
herbal |
| coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
5- | hydroxymethyl furfural | FL |
honey |
| phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
lactonic |
gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
milky |
gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
mushroom |
3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
nutty |
2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| butter pecan cake flavor | FL |
| coffee furanone | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
(-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
powdery |
| acetophenone | FL/FR |
solvent |
2- | ethyl furan | FL |
sour |
| butyric acid | FL/FR |
spicy |
| allspice oil | FL/FR |
| benzyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| benzylidene acetone | FL |
spiced | butter rum flavor | FL |
| cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| cinnamon butter pecan flavor | FL |
| cinnamon nut butter rum flavor | FL |
| clove bud oil | FL/FR |
alpha- | methyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| honey distillates | FL |
| vanilla butter nut flavor | FL |
| vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
tomato |
| methional | FL/FR |
vanilla |
| ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| vanillin | FL/FR |
| vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
| ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
| hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl laurate | FL/FR |
2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| octyl 2-furoate | FL |
delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
winey |
5- | ethyl-2-methyl pyridine | FL |
woody |
| whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
|
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| acetyl propanal | | acetyl propanal FCC | | acetyl propionyl | | acetyl propionyl FCC | | acetyl propionyl FCC natural | | acetyl propionyl FCC pure | | acetyl propionyl natural | | acetyl propionyl naturel | | acetyl propionyl synthetic | | acetyl propionyl, natural | | acetyl proprionyl natural | | acetylpropanal | | acetylpropionyl | beta,gamma- | dioxopentane | 2,3- | pentadione | | pentan-2,3-dione | 2,3- | pentandione FCC | | pentandione-2,3 | 2,3- | pentane dione | | pentane-2,3-dione | 2,3- | pentanedione | 2,3- | pentanedione (acetyl propionyl) |
Articles:
US Patents: | 3,952,024 - Furfurylthioacetone |
PubMed: | Characterization of the key odorants in pan-fried white mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus L.) by means of molecular sensory science: comparison with the raw mushroom tissue. |
PubMed: | Identification of aroma active compounds of cereal coffee brew and its roasted ingredients. |
PubMed: | Diacetyl levels and volatile profiles of commercial starter distillates and selected dairy foods. |
PubMed: | Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry monitoring of the evolution of volatile compounds during lactic acid fermentation of milk. |
PubMed: | Analysis of volatile flavor compounds of sardine (Sardinops melanostica) by solid phase microextraction. |
PubMed: | Solid-phase microextraction method development for headspace analysis of volatile flavor compounds. |
PubMed: | Aroma comparisons of traditional and mild yogurts: headspace gas chromatography quantification of volatiles and origin of alpha-diketones. |
PubMed: | Sensory investigation of yogurt flavor perception: mutual influence of volatiles and acidity. |
PubMed: | Characterization of volatile aroma compounds in different brewing barley cultivars. |
PubMed: | Diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione exposures associated with cigarette smoking: implications for risk assessment of food and flavoring workers. |
PubMed: | Cardiac hypoxia imaging: second-generation analogues of 64Cu-ATSM. |
PubMed: | Evaluation of the hypersensitivity potential of alternative butter flavorings. |
PubMed: | Popcorn flavoring effects on reactivity of rat airways in vivo and in vitro. |
PubMed: | Computational design of short-chain dehydrogenase Gox2181 for altered coenzyme specificity. |
PubMed: | Chromatographic analysis of methylglyoxal and other ±-dicarbonyls using gas-diffusion microextraction. |
PubMed: | Influence of valine and other amino acids on total diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione levels during fermentation of brewer's wort. |
PubMed: | Mechanistic insights into the LsrK kinase required for autoinducer-2 quorum sensing activation. |
PubMed: | LuxS affects biofilm maturation and detachment of the periodontopathogenic bacterium Eikenella corrodens. |
PubMed: | Identification of aroma active compounds of cereal coffee brew and its roasted ingredients. |
PubMed: | Still searching for better butter flavoring. |
PubMed: | LuxS influences Escherichia coli biofilm formation through autoinducer-2-dependent and autoinducer-2-independent modalities. |
PubMed: | AI-2 analogs and antibiotics: a synergistic approach to reduce bacterial biofilms. |
PubMed: | Construction of self-cloning bottom-fermenting yeast with low vicinal diketone production by the homo-integration of ILV5. |
PubMed: | Effect of sugars on liquid-vapour partition of volatile compounds in ready-to-drink coffee beverages. |
PubMed: | Heterologous expression of sahH reveals that biofilm formation is autoinducer-2-independent in Streptococcus sanguinis but is associated with an intact activated methionine cycle. |
PubMed: | Deep sequencing of Porphyromonas gingivalis and comparative transcriptome analysis of a LuxS mutant. |
PubMed: | Respiratory and olfactory cytotoxicity of inhaled 2,3-pentanedione in Sprague-Dawley rats. |
PubMed: | Development of a method for the determination of advanced glycation end products precursors by liquid chromatography and its application in human urine samples. |
PubMed: | C4-alkoxy-HPD: a potent class of synthetic modulators surpassing nature in AI-2 quorum sensing. |
PubMed: | Deconvoluting interspecies bacterial communication. |
PubMed: | Characterization of the key odorants in raw Italian hazelnuts ( Corylus avellana L. var. Tonda Romana) and roasted hazelnut paste by means of molecular sensory science. |
PubMed: | Diacetyl levels and volatile profiles of commercial starter distillates and selected dairy foods. |
PubMed: | Recent progresses on AI-2 bacterial quorum sensing inhibitors. |
PubMed: | Transcriptional and metabolomic consequences of LuxS inactivation reveal a metabolic rather than quorum-sensing role for LuxS in Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23. |
PubMed: | Bronchial and bronchiolar fibrosis in rats exposed to 2,3-pentanedione vapors: implications for bronchiolitis obliterans in humans. |
PubMed: | Effect of interspecies quorum sensing on the formation of aerobic granular sludge. |
PubMed: | Color, lipid oxidation, sensory quality, and aroma compounds of beef steaks displayed under different levels of oxygen in a modified atmosphere package. |
PubMed: | Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of endemic Viola tianshanica. |
PubMed: | RbsB (NTHI_0632) mediates quorum signal uptake in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain 86-028NP. |
PubMed: | A multivalent probe for AI-2 quorum-sensing receptors. |
PubMed: | Quorum sensing control of phosphorus acquisition in Trichodesmium consortia. |
PubMed: | The response of type 2 quorum sensing in Klebsiella pneumoniae to a fluctuating culture environment. |
PubMed: | Inhibition of LuxS by S-ribosylhomocysteine analogues containing a [4-aza]ribose ring. |
PubMed: | Atmospheric chemistry of 2,3-pentanedione: photolysis and reaction with OH radicals. |
PubMed: | Effects on membrane lateral pressure suggest permeation mechanisms for bacterial quorum signaling molecules. |
PubMed: | UV photolysis of α-cyclohexanedione in the gas phase. |
PubMed: | Helicobacter pylori perceives the quorum-sensing molecule AI-2 as a chemorepellent via the chemoreceptor TlpB. |
PubMed: | Processing the interspecies quorum-sensing signal autoinducer-2 (AI-2): characterization of phospho-(S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione isomerization by LsrG protein. |
PubMed: | Effect of oxidoreduction potential on aroma biosynthesis by lactic acid bacteria in nonfat yogurt. |
PubMed: | Identification and measurement of diacetyl substitutes in dry bakery mix production. |
PubMed: | Quantitation of key peanut aroma compounds in raw peanuts and pan-roasted peanut meal. Aroma reconstitution and comparison with commercial peanut products. |
PubMed: | Freshness characterisation of whiting (Merlangius merlangus) using an SPME/GC/MS method and a statistical multivariate approach. |
PubMed: | Elucidation of the conformational free energy landscape in H.pylori LuxS and its implications to catalysis. |
PubMed: | Synthetic analogs tailor native AI-2 signaling across bacterial species. |
PubMed: | In Helicobacter pylori auto-inducer-2, but not LuxS/MccAB catalysed reverse transsulphuration, regulates motility through modulation of flagellar gene transcription. |
PubMed: | Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry monitoring of the evolution of volatile compounds during lactic acid fermentation of milk. |
PubMed: | Staphylococcus aureus AI-2 quorum sensing associates with the KdpDE two-component system to regulate capsular polysaccharide synthesis and virulence. |
PubMed: | Characterization of two aldo-keto reductases from Gluconobacter oxydans 621H capable of regio- and stereoselective alpha-ketocarbonyl reduction. |
PubMed: | Products and mechanism of the reaction of chlorine atoms with 3-pentanone in 700-950 torr of N(2)/O(2) diluent at 297-515 K. |
PubMed: | Degradation of glucose: reinvestigation of reactive alpha-Dicarbonyl compounds. |
PubMed: | Inhibition of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) by substrate analogues modified at the ribosyl C-3 position. |
PubMed: | Autoinducer-2-based chemical communication in bacteria: complexities of interspecies signaling. |
PubMed: | Characterization of an aldolase-dehydrogenase complex that exhibits substrate channeling in the polychlorinated biphenyls degradation pathway. |
PubMed: | Decoding the key aroma compounds of a Hungarian-type salami by molecular sensory science approaches. |
PubMed: | Identification, quantification, and determination of the absolute configuration of the bacterial quorum-sensing signal autoinducer-2 by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | Probing the catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) with catalytic intermediates and substrate analogues. |
PubMed: | Furanones, potential agents for preventing Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm infections? |
PubMed: | HMOX1 and NQO1 genes are upregulated in response to contact sensitizers in dendritic cells and THP-1 cell line: role of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. |
PubMed: | Gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of the volatile compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats. |
PubMed: | Biofilm formation and autoinducer-2 signaling in Streptococcus intermedius: role of thermal and pH factors. |
PubMed: | The EGL-4 PKG acts with KIN-29 salt-inducible kinase and protein kinase A to regulate chemoreceptor gene expression and sensory behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. |
PubMed: | An unexpected switch in the modulation of AI-2-based quorum sensing discovered through synthetic 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione analogues. |
PubMed: | Indole cell signaling occurs primarily at low temperatures in Escherichia coli. |
PubMed: | Analysis of volatile flavor compounds of sardine (Sardinops melanostica) by solid phase microextraction. |
PubMed: | LuxS and expression of virulence factors in Streptococcus intermedius. |
PubMed: | Autoinducer-2-regulated genes in Streptococcus mutans UA159 and global metabolic effect of the luxS mutation. |
PubMed: | Characterization of the key aroma compounds in soy sauce using approaches of molecular sensory science. |
PubMed: | Genetic and physiological characterization of the Borrelia burgdorferi ORF BB0374-pfs-metK-luxS operon. |
PubMed: | The quorum-sensing molecule autoinducer 2 regulates motility and flagellar morphogenesis in Helicobacter pylori. |
PubMed: | AI-2 quorum sensing affects antibiotic susceptibility in Streptococcus anginosus. |
PubMed: | Spectroscopic characterization of chromium(III), manganese(II) and nickel(II) complexes with a nitrogen donor tetradentate, 12-membered azamacrocyclic ligand. |
PubMed: | Regulated synthesis of the Borrelia burgdorferi inner-membrane lipoprotein IpLA7 (P22, P22-A) during the Lyme disease spirochaete's mammal-tick infectious cycle. |
PubMed: | Unifying mechanism for bacterial cell signalers (4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, lactones and oligopeptides): electron transfer and reactive oxygen species. Practical medical features. |
PubMed: | Diketone radical cations: ketonic and enolic forms as revealed by matrix EPR studies and DFT calculations. |
PubMed: | Proteome analysis of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 propanol metabolism. |
PubMed: | Phosphorylation and processing of the quorum-sensing molecule autoinducer-2 in enteric bacteria. |
PubMed: | Purification, characterization, and gene cloning of glycerol dehydrogenase from Hansenula ofunaensis, and its expression for production of optically active diol. |
PubMed: | Efficient metal-catalyzed direct benzylation and allylic alkylation of 2,4-pentanediones. |
PubMed: | Ac2-DPD, the bis-(O)-acetylated derivative of 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (DPD) is a convenient stable precursor of bacterial quorum sensing autoinducer AI-2. |
PubMed: | Enthalpies of formation, bond dissociation energies, and molecular structures of the n-aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal, pentanal, hexanal, and heptanal) and their radicals. |
PubMed: | Functional analysis of luxS in the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reveals a central metabolic role important for growth and biofilm formation. |
PubMed: | Catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase: ionization state of active-site residues. |
PubMed: | AI-3 synthesis is not dependent on luxS in Escherichia coli. |
PubMed: | Heats of formation of the propionyl ion and radical and 2,3-pentanedione by threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy. |
PubMed: | Autoinducer 2: a concentration-dependent signal for mutualistic bacterial biofilm growth. |
PubMed: | Characterisation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented milk "laban". |
PubMed: | Design and synthesis of substrate and intermediate analogue inhibitors of S-ribosylhomocysteinase. |
PubMed: | Freshwater bioluminescence in Vibrio albensis (Vibrio cholerae biovar albensis) NCIMB 41 is caused by a two-nucleotide deletion in luxO. |
PubMed: | Functionality of Borrelia burgdorferi LuxS: the Lyme disease spirochete produces and responds to the pheromone autoinducer-2 and lacks a complete activated-methyl cycle. |
PubMed: | Spectroscopic characterization and EPR spectral studies on transition metal complexes with a novel tetradentate, 12-membered macrocyclic ligand. |
PubMed: | Evidence for distinct L-methionine catabolic pathways in the yeast Geotrichum candidum and the bacterium Brevibacterium linens. |
PubMed: | Let LuxS speak up in AI-2 signaling. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of alpha-substituted fosmidomycin analogues as highly potent Plasmodium falciparum growth inhibitors. |
PubMed: | Role of the solvent glycerol in the Maillard reaction of d-fructose and l-alanine. |
PubMed: | A furanosyl-carbonate autoinducer in cell-to-cell communication of V. harveyi. |
PubMed: | Identification of potent odorants formed during the preparation of extruded potato snacks. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of autoinducer 2 by the lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. |
PubMed: | Chemical synthesis of (S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, a bacterial signal molecule precursor, and validation of its activity in Salmonella typhimurium. |
PubMed: | Crystal structure of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) in complex with a catalytic 2-ketone intermediate. |
PubMed: | Mechanism of action of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS). |
PubMed: | Salmonella typhimurium recognizes a chemically distinct form of the bacterial quorum-sensing signal AI-2. |
PubMed: | Catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS): stereochemical course and kinetic isotope effect of proton transfer reactions. |
PubMed: | Boron binding with the quorum sensing signal AI-2 and analogues. |
PubMed: | Synthesis and biological validation of a ubiquitous quorum-sensing molecule. |
PubMed: | Determination of urinary glyoxal and methylglyoxal by high-performance liquid chromatography. |
PubMed: | Volatile compounds produced in cheese by Enterobacteriaceae strains of dairy origin. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of erythro-alpha-amino beta-hydroxy carboxylic acid esters by diastereoselective photocycloaddition of 5-methoxyoxazoles with aldehydes. |
PubMed: | Proteolysis, volatile compounds, and sensory evaluation in Hispánico cheese manufactured with the addition of a thermophilic adjunct culture, nisin, and calcium alginate-nisin microparticles. |
PubMed: | Chemical synthesis of S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine and activity assay as a LuxS substrate. |
PubMed: | Catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS): direct observation of ketone intermediates by 13C NMR spectroscopy. |
PubMed: | Alternative pathway for the formation of 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, the proposed precursor of 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone as well as autoinducer-2, and its detection as natural constituent of tomato fruit. |
PubMed: | The kinetic method as a structural diagnostic tool: ionized alpha-diketones as loosely one-electron bonded diacylium ion dimers. |
PubMed: | S-Ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) is a mononuclear iron protein. |
PubMed: | Isolation of regioisomers of N-alkylprotoporphyrin IX from chick embryo liver after treatment with porphyrinogenic xenobiotics. |
PubMed: | Aroma components of cooked tail meat of American lobster (Homarus americanus). |
PubMed: | Aroma-active components of nonfat dry milk. |
PubMed: | The Caenorhabditis elegans odr-2 gene encodes a novel Ly-6-related protein required for olfaction. |
PubMed: | Approaches to wine aroma: release of aroma compounds from reactions between cysteine and carbonyl compounds in wine. |
PubMed: | Solid-phase microextraction method development for headspace analysis of volatile flavor compounds. |
PubMed: | Aroma comparisons of traditional and mild yogurts: headspace gas chromatography quantification of volatiles and origin of alpha-diketones. |
PubMed: | Sensory investigation of yogurt flavor perception: mutual influence of volatiles and acidity. |
PubMed: | Origin of 2,3-pentanedione and 2,3-butanedione in D-glucose/L-alanine Maillard model systems. |
PubMed: | Investigation of the reaction between 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone and cysteine or hydrogen sulfide at pH 4.5. |
PubMed: | The phnIJ genes encoding acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) and 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase in Pseudomonas sp. DJ77 and their evolutionary implications. |
PubMed: | Urinary excretion of biomarkers of oxidative kidney damage induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate. |
PubMed: | Aldehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acetylating) and the mechanism of ethanol formation in the amitochondriate protist, Giardia lamblia. |
PubMed: | Excretion of multiple urinary biomarkers for radical induced damage in rats treated with three different nephrotoxic compounds. |
PubMed: | The Caenorhabditis elegans seven-transmembrane protein ODR-10 functions as an odorant receptor in mammalian cells. |
PubMed: | Regulation of CYP 2 A 5 induction by porphyrinogenic agents in mouse primary hepatocytes. |
PubMed: | Inhibition of the reconstituted mitochondrial oxoglutarate carrier by arginine-specific reagents. |
PubMed: | Identification of N-acetylcysteine conjugates of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane: evidence for cytochrome P450 and glutathione mediated bioactivation pathways. |
PubMed: | Analysis of aldehydes and ketones from beer as O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine derivatives. |
PubMed: | Cloning and expression of the gene encoding alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase from Acetobacter aceti ssp. xylinum in brewer's yeast. |
PubMed: | Relations between compositional traits and sensory qualities of French dry-cured ham. |
PubMed: | Fluorimetric determination of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione with isoniazide and a zirconium salt. |
PubMed: | Kinetics of alpha-dicarbonyls reduction by L-glycol dehydrogenase (NAD+) from Enterobacter aerogenes. |
PubMed: | Formation of N-methyl protoporphyrin in chemically-induced protoporphyria. Studies with a novel porphyrogenic agent. |
PubMed: | Purification and properties of the physically associated meta-cleavage pathway enzymes 4-hydroxy-2-ketovalerate aldolase and aldehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) from Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600. |
PubMed: | Purification of liver aldehyde dehydrogenase by p-hydroxyacetophenone-sepharose affinity matrix and the coelution of chloramphenicol acetyl transferase from the same matrix with recombinantly expressed aldehyde dehydrogenase. |
PubMed: | Degradation of vinyl acetate by soil, sewage, sludge, and the newly isolated aerobic bacterium V2. |
PubMed: | Purification and properties of two oxidoreductases catalyzing the enantioselective reduction of diacetyl and other diketones from baker's yeast. |
PubMed: | Inactivation of Escherichia coli L-threonine dehydrogenase by 2,3-butanedione. Evidence for a catalytically essential arginine residue. |
PubMed: | Kinetics of the diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione reduction by diacetyl reductase (alpha-diketone reductase (NAD)) from Staphylococcus aureus. |
PubMed: | Stereoselective synthesis of (1-alkoxyalkyl) alpha- and beta-D-glucopyranosiduronates (acetal-glucopyranosiduronates): a new approach to specific cytostatics for the treatment of cancer. |
PubMed: | Purification and characterization of diacetyl-reducing enzymes from Staphylococcus aureus. |
PubMed: | Towards diacetyl-less brewers' yeast. Influence of ilv2 and ilv5 mutations. |
PubMed: | Syntheses of homologous omega-aminated 1-methoxyalkyl beta-D-glucopyranosides as potential beta-D-glucosidase inhibitors. |
PubMed: | Desmutagenic effect of alpha-dicarbonyl and alpha-hydroxycarbonyl compounds against mutagenic heterocyclic amines. |
PubMed: | Kinetics of alpha-dicarbonyls reduction by L-glycol dehydrogenase from hen muscle. |
PubMed: | Specificity of the Westerfeld adaptation of the Voges-Proskauer test. |
PubMed: | Roles of arginyl residues in pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate oxidase from rabbit liver. |
PubMed: | Modification of essential arginine residues of pigeon liver malic enzyme. |
PubMed: | [Effects of 2,5-hexanediol, 2,4-pentanedione, acetone and 2-heptanone on the secretory responsiveness of the sweat glands in rats (author's transl)]. |
PubMed: | Investigation of reaction intermediates of the urea-diacetylmonoxime reaction. |
PubMed: | [Gaschromatographical determination of diacetyl, acetoin, and 2,3-pentanedione in wine (author's transl)]. |
PubMed: | Microbial metabolism of amino alcohols. 1-Aminopropan-2-ol and ethanolamine metabolism via propionaldehyde and acetaldehyde in a species of Pseudomonas. |
PubMed: | Formation of 2,3-pentanediol from 2,3-pentanedione and acetylethylcarbinol by diacetyl(acetoin)reductase from Aerobacter aerogenes. A possible new pathway. |
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