Category: fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Organoleptic Properties:
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Odor Type: herbal |
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Odor Strength: | medium |
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Substantivity: | 108 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
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| fresh sweet herbal citrus spicy woody |
Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | fresh sweet herbal citrus spicy woody Luebke, William tgsc, (1986) |
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Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Ambles Nature et Chimie |
CALAMUS
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Aromatic and Allied Chemicals |
Calamus Oil
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Berjé |
Calamus Oil
|
Media |
Charabot |
Calamus oil
100% Pure & Natural, Kosher Odor: Warm, bitter, woody, spicy, camphory, aromatic |
Diffusions Aromatiques |
CALAMUS INDE HUILE ESSENTIELLE
|
Global Essence |
Calamus Oil
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Hermitage Oils |
Sweet Flag Essential Oil
Odor: characteristic Use: Adam Michael has this to say “The aroma is quite a unique experience, immensely butter sweet, with fresh earthy rhizome character, and delicate sweet spice nuances. Produced by steam distilling the rhizomes and leaves. |
Indenta Group |
Calamus Oil
|
Indukern F&F |
CALAMUS OIL
Odor: STRONG, EARTHY, SWEET |
Jiangyin Healthway |
Calamus
|
New functional food ingredients |
Kanta Enterprises |
Calamus Oil
|
Lluch Essence |
CALAMUS (TETRAPLOIDE) ESSENTIAL OIL
|
M&U International |
Calamus
|
Moellhausen |
CALAMUS EO
Odor: aromatic, herbaceous, creamy Flavor: bitter, herbaceous, milk |
Noble Molecular Research |
For experimental / research use only. |
Calamus Oil
|
Payand Betrand |
Calamus Oil Korea, (azarone < 5%)
|
Payand Betrand |
Calamus Oil France
|
Penta International |
CALAMUS OIL
|
Plant Lipids |
Calamus Oil
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Reincke & Fichtner |
Calamus Oil organic + NOP
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
Calamus Oil
|
Robertet |
Calamus oil
100% Pure & Natural, Kosher Odor: Warm, bitter, woody, spicy, camphory, aromatic |
Seasons and Harvest / Crop calendar |
Som Extracts |
CALAMUS OIL
|
Synthite Industries |
Calamus Oil
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E-books and Brochures |
The Perfumery |
Calamus oil, Nepal
Odor: characteristic Use: This herbaceous, spicy, clove-like oil is a great choice for our natural perfume artisans. Calamus oil has a long history rooting back to ancient Chinese herbalists, Egyptians, Greeks, European, and Native American cultures. Calamus is a very fragrant plant with its root being the most important part. Its rhizome is used as a spice, similar to ginger. Calamus oil's main constituents are alpha and beta asarone at a combined total of up to 90%. It's worth noting that beta-asarone is now considered to be a carcinogen and caution should be used with this oil. |
Ultra International |
Calamus Oil
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Crop Calendar |
Zanos |
CALAMUS OIL
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Safety Information:
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 777 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 327, 1964.
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 221 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 15, Pg. 623, 1977.
intravenous-mouse LD50 1138 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Dissertationes Pharmaceuticae. Vol. 16, Pg. 447, 1964.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 177 mg/kg Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. Vol. 11, Pg. 163, 1959.
intraperitoneal-guinea pig LD50 297 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: TETANY
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION Antibiotics and Chemotherapy Vol. 7, Pg. 378, 1957.
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Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-guinea pig LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 15, Pg. 623, 1977.
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | fragrance agents |
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
IFRA fragrance material specification: | | cis- and trans-Asarone as such should not be used as fragrance ingredients; essential oils containing cis- or trans-asarone (e.g. calamus oils) should not be used at a level such that the total concentration of cis- and trans-asarone exceeds 0.01% in consumer products. |
contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only) |
methyl eugenol | Max. Found: <0.62 % and Reason: Potential carcinogenic activity in animals |
eugenol | Max. Found: 0.2 % and Reason: Sensitization |
farnesol | Max. Found: 0.5 % and Reason: Sensitization |
trans-asarone | Max. Found: 0.7 % and Reason: Carcinogenicity |
cis-asarone | Max. Found: 70.00 % and Reason: Carcinogenicity |
Recommendation for acorus calamus rhizome oil usage levels up to: | | 4.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
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Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 3 |
Click here to view publication 3 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 3.80000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 2.00000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | 5.00000 | 15.00000 |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 1.50000 |
fruit ices: | - | 1.50000 |
gelatins / puddings: | - | 0.02000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | 3.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 8015-79-0 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| acorus calamus l. rhizome oil |
Chemidplus: | 0008015790 |
References:
| acorus calamus l. rhizome oil |
Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 8015-79-0 |
Pubchem (sid): | 135326359 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
| linoleic acid | FL/FR |
(E)-beta- | ocimene | FL/FR |
| tricosane | FR |
amber |
| amber carane | FR |
animal |
| musk indenofuran | FR |
anise |
| estragon absolute | FR |
balsamic |
beta- | bisabolene | FL/FR |
dextro,laevo- | borneol | FL/FR |
| bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
iso | bornyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| croton glabellus bark extract | FL/FR |
| guaiyl acetate | FL/FR |
| incense fragrance | FR |
| khella oil | FR |
| myrrh oil replacer | FR |
| myrrh resinoid | FR |
| opoponax absolute (balsamodendron kafal) | FL/FR |
| valeriana wallichii root oil | FR |
camphoreous |
(±)- | camphor | FL/FR |
| clary alcohol | FR |
cheesy |
| heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
citrus |
(S)-(-)- | citronellal | FL/FR |
| dipentene | FL/FR |
| lime oil distilled mexico | FL/FR |
| ocimene quintoxide | FL/FR |
| oriental citrus fragrance | FR |
| tetrahydromyrcenyl acetate | FR |
floral |
| bois de rose fragrance | FR |
| bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| bois de rose oil replacer | FR |
| cassis specialty | FR |
| cilantro herb oil egypt | FL/FR |
| dihydrojasmone | FL/FR |
| dihydromyrcene | FR |
| geranyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| linalool | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute france | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute india | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute replacer | FR |
| mimosa fragrance | FR |
| mimosa specialty | FR |
(Z)-beta- | ocimene | FL/FR |
(Z,E)- | phytol | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| rose concrete (rosa centifolia) | FR |
(Z)- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalyl acetate | FR |
fruity |
| ocimen-1-yl acetate | FR |
green |
| agrumen aldehyde | FR |
| cilantro leaf oil | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
3,5- | ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
| ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
3,6- | ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
| octanal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
hay |
| tobacco absolute replacer | FR |
herbal |
6- | acetoxydihydrotheaspirane | FL/FR |
| acorus calamus root oil | FR |
| acorus calamus root oil mongolia | FR |
| anthemis nobilis flower oil roman | FL/FR |
sweet | basil absolute | FL/FR |
beta- | bourbonene | FL/FR |
alpha- | cadinol | FL/FR |
| calamintha clinopodium oil | FR |
| calamus oil replacer | FR |
| canarium luzonicum oil | FL/FR |
| chamomile oil replacer | FR |
1,8- | cineole | FL/FR |
(R)-(+)- | citronellal | FL/FR |
| citrus ocimenol acetate | FR |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| clary sage oil replacer | FR |
| clary specialty | FR |
| dill seed oil | FL/FR |
| dill seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
delta- | elemene | FL/FR |
beta- | elemene | FL/FR |
| eucalyptus citriodora oil | FR |
| freesia heptanol | FL/FR |
| geranic oxide | FL/FR |
cis- | herbal cyclohexane | FR |
| jambu oleoresin | FL/FR |
| linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
T- | muurolol | FL/FR |
| nonisyl acetate | FR |
3- | octanon-1-ol | FL/FR |
curled | parsley seed oil | FL/FR |
| petitgrain heptane | FR |
| petroselinum crispum seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
beta- | pinene | FL/FR |
alpha- | pinene | FL/FR |
| saffron pyranone | FR |
| safranal | FL/FR |
| salvia sclarea distillates | FL/FR |
common | tansy flower oil | FR |
common | tansy flower oil dutch | FR |
oswego | tea specialty | FR |
| thymol | FL/FR |
musk |
| musk indanone | FR |
oily |
| methyl linolenate | FL/FR |
orris |
| eugenyl formate | FL/FR |
para-iso | propyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
peppery |
| asarum europaeum oil | FR |
phenolic |
4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
pine |
| dipentene terpene hydrocarbon byproducts | FR |
saffron |
| saffron stigmates absolute | FR |
spicy |
| allspice berry absolute | FL/FR |
| allspice berry oil | FL/FR |
| allspice fragrance | FR |
| anona squamosa leaf oil | FR |
| artemisia dracunculus herb oil | FL/FR |
| ayou wood oil | FR |
| calamus leaf oil | FR |
| carvacrol | FL/FR |
4- | carvomenthenol | FL/FR |
beta- | caryophyllene | FL/FR |
| caryophyllene | FL/FR |
alpha- | caryophyllene alcohol | FL/FR |
| cascarilla oil replacer | FL/FR |
| cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| cassia bark oil replacer | FL/FR |
| cassia leaf oil | FL/FR |
| cinnamon bark oil | FL/FR |
| cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum) india | FL/FR |
| cinnamon bark oil ceylon | FL/FR |
| cinnamon leaf oil ceylon | FL/FR |
| cinnamon oleoresin ceylon | FL/FR |
| clove bud absolute | FL/FR |
| clove bud oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| croton eluteria bark oil | FL/FR |
| cubeb oil CO2 extract (piper cubeba) | FL/FR |
| eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| galangal root oil | FL/FR |
| ginger oleoresin africa | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil brazil | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil china | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil cochin | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil replacer | FR |
| ginger specialty | FR |
| grains of paradise oil | FL/FR |
| green oxane | FR |
| mace absolute | FL/FR |
| mace oil | FL/FR |
| machilus kusanoi leaf oil | FR |
| machilus kusanoi wood oil | FR |
| maja fragrance | FR |
| methyl eugenol | FR |
| methyl heptadienone | FL/FR |
| myrcene | FR |
| myristica fragrans fruit extract | FL/FR |
| myristica fragrans seed tincture | FL/FR |
| nutmeg fragrance | FR |
| nutmeg oil | FL/FR |
| nutmeg oil replacer | FR |
black | pepper absolute | FL/FR |
| pepper hexanone | FR |
black | pepper oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| pepper tree berry absolute | FL/FR |
| pepper tree berry oil | FL/FR |
| piper longum fruit oil | FL/FR |
| piper longum fruit oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| spicy carbonate | FR |
| sugandha kokila berry oil | FR |
| tea tree oil | FR |
(E)- | tiglic acid | FL/FR |
| turmeric root absolute | FL/FR |
| zingiber officinale root extract | FL/FR |
| zingiber officinale root tincture | FL/FR |
terpenic |
para- | cymene | FL/FR |
| juniper branch oil | FR |
alpha- | phellandrene | FL/FR |
| pine needle oil dwarf | FL/FR |
gamma- | terpinene | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
thujonic |
common | tansy oil canada | FR |
vanilla |
| vanilla cresol | FR |
waxy |
| decanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| palmitic acid | FR |
woody |
| camphene | FL/FR |
| caryophyllene alcohol acetate | FR |
| caryophyllene formate | FL/FR |
beta- | caryophyllene oxide | FL/FR |
alpha- | cedrene | FL/FR |
| cedrol | FL/FR |
| curcuma zedoaria bark extract | FL/FR |
| dacrydium franklinii wood oil | FR |
(E)-beta- | farnesene | FL/FR |
alpha- | farnesene | FL/FR |
| frankincense resinoid | FL/FR |
(E)- | germacrene D | FL/FR |
| guaiacwood oil | FL/FR |
| guaiacwood oil 20% in gurjun balsam oil | FR |
| guaiacyl acetate | FL/FR |
| guaiene | FL/FR |
| gurjun balsam oil | FR |
| hedychium spicatum root oil | FR |
| incense specialty | FR |
| jatamansi root oil | FR |
| juniper berry oleoresin | FL/FR |
| methyl methylene tricyclodecanol | FR |
| patchouli absolute | FR |
| polylimonene | FL/FR |
4-iso | propyl phenol | FL/FR |
| rhubarb oxirane | FR |
| sabinene | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| santal penten-2-ol | FR |
| spikenard oil | FL/FR |
| spikenard oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| spikenard oil replacer | FR |
alpha- | terpinene | FL/FR |
| zedoary bark oil | FL/FR |
| zedoary root oil | FL/FR |
| zedoary root oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
6- | acetoxydihydrotheaspirane | FL/FR |
beta- | bisabolene | FL/FR |
dextro,laevo- | borneol | FL/FR |
beta- | bourbonene | FL/FR |
alpha- | cadinol | FL/FR |
alpha- | caryophyllene alcohol | FL/FR |
| caryophyllene formate | FL/FR |
alpha- | cedrene | FL/FR |
(S)-(-)- | citronellal | FL/FR |
(R)-(+)- | citronellal | FL/FR |
| croton glabellus bark extract | FL/FR |
| decanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| dipentene | FL/FR |
beta- | elemene | FL/FR |
delta- | elemene | FL/FR |
| eugenyl formate | FL/FR |
(E)-beta- | farnesene | FL/FR |
(E)- | germacrene D | FL/FR |
| grains of paradise oil | FL/FR |
| guaiyl acetate | FL/FR |
| ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
3,5- | ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
| linoleic acid | FL/FR |
| methyl linolenate | FL/FR |
T- | muurolol | FL/FR |
(E)-beta- | ocimene | FL/FR |
3- | octanon-1-ol | FL/FR |
| polylimonene | FL/FR |
| spikenard oil | FL/FR |
| spikenard oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
balsamic |
iso | bornyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| opoponax absolute (balsamodendron kafal) | FL/FR |
(Z,E)- | phytol | FL/FR |
brown |
(E)- | tiglic acid | FL/FR |
burnt |
4-iso | propyl phenol | FL/FR |
camphoreous |
| bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| camphene | FL/FR |
(±)- | camphor | FL/FR |
| geranic oxide | FL/FR |
citrus |
| cilantro leaf oil | FL/FR |
| freesia heptanol | FL/FR |
| lime oil distilled mexico | FL/FR |
| linalool | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
cooling |
4- | carvomenthenol | FL/FR |
| jambu oleoresin | FL/FR |
fatty |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
floral |
| bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| dihydrojasmone | FL/FR |
| geranyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
fruity |
| piper longum fruit oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
green |
| canarium luzonicum oil | FL/FR |
alpha- | farnesene | FL/FR |
3,6- | ivy carbaldehyde | FL/FR |
| methyl heptadienone | FL/FR |
(Z)-beta- | ocimene | FL/FR |
| ocimene quintoxide | FL/FR |
| octanal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
herbal |
| anthemis nobilis flower oil roman | FL/FR |
sweet | basil absolute | FL/FR |
| cilantro herb oil egypt | FL/FR |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| dill seed oil | FL/FR |
| dill seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
curled | parsley seed oil | FL/FR |
| petroselinum crispum seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| salvia sclarea distillates | FL/FR |
minty |
1,8- | cineole | FL/FR |
phenolic |
4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| thymol | FL/FR |
pine |
| pine needle oil dwarf | FL/FR |
beta- | pinene | FL/FR |
spicy |
| allspice berry absolute | FL/FR |
| allspice berry oil | FL/FR |
| artemisia dracunculus herb oil | FL/FR |
| carvacrol | FL/FR |
beta- | caryophyllene | FL/FR |
| caryophyllene | FL/FR |
| cascarilla oil replacer | FL/FR |
| cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| cassia bark oil replacer | FL/FR |
| cassia leaf oil | FL/FR |
| cinnamon bark oil | FL/FR |
| cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum) india | FL/FR |
| cinnamon bark oil ceylon | FL/FR |
| cinnamon leaf oil ceylon | FL/FR |
| cinnamon oleoresin ceylon | FL/FR |
| clove bud absolute | FL/FR |
| clove bud oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| croton eluteria bark oil | FL/FR |
| cubeb oil CO2 extract (piper cubeba) | FL/FR |
| eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| galangal root oil | FL/FR |
| ginger oleoresin africa | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil brazil | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil china | FL/FR |
| ginger root oil cochin | FL/FR |
| mace absolute | FL/FR |
| mace oil | FL/FR |
| myristica fragrans fruit extract | FL/FR |
| myristica fragrans seed tincture | FL/FR |
| nutmeg oil | FL/FR |
black | pepper absolute | FL/FR |
black | pepper oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| pepper tree berry absolute | FL/FR |
| pepper tree berry oil | FL/FR |
| piper longum fruit oil | FL/FR |
para-iso | propyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| turmeric root absolute | FL/FR |
| zingiber officinale root extract | FL/FR |
| zingiber officinale root tincture | FL/FR |
terpenic |
para- | cymene | FL/FR |
alpha- | phellandrene | FL/FR |
gamma- | terpinene | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpinene | FL/FR |
waxy |
| heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute france | FL/FR |
| mimosa absolute india | FL/FR |
woody |
beta- | caryophyllene oxide | FL/FR |
| cedrol | FL/FR |
| curcuma zedoaria bark extract | FL/FR |
| frankincense resinoid | FL/FR |
| guaiacwood oil | FL/FR |
| guaiacyl acetate | FL/FR |
| guaiene | FL/FR |
| juniper berry oleoresin | FL/FR |
alpha- | pinene | FL/FR |
| sabinene | FL/FR |
| safranal | FL/FR |
| sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| zedoary bark oil | FL/FR |
| zedoary root oil | FL/FR |
| zedoary root oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
|
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| acorus americanus rhizome oil | | acorus angustatus rhizome oil | | acorus angustifolius rhizome oil | | acorus asiaticus rhizome oil | | acorus calamus var. americanus rhizome oil | | acorus calamus var. angustatus rhizome oil | | acorus calamus var. angustifolius rhizome oil | | acorus calamus var. spurius rhizome oil | | acorus calamus var. verus rhizome oil | | acorus calamus var. vulgaris rhizome oil | | acorus cochinchinensis rhizome oil | | acorus griffithii rhizome oil | | acorus spurius rhizome oil | | acorus triqueter rhizome oil | | acorus verus rhizome oil | | calamus EO | | calamus oil | | calamus oil korea, (azarone < 100ppm) | | calamus oil korea, (azarone < 5%) | | calamus rhizome oil | | calamus rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | | calamus root essential oil | sweet | cane rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | | cane sweet rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | sweet | cinnamon rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | | cinnamon sweet rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | | essential oil obtained from the rhizomes of the calamus, acorus calamus l., araceae | sweet | flag rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | | flag sweet rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | sweet | myrtle rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | | myrtle sweet rhizome oil (acorus calamus) | | orontium cochinchinense rhizome oil |
Articles:
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